This article is on the history of Earth, as presented in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, Robot Series, and Empire Series.

History

Ancient (Before 2064)

1949 June Joseph Schwartz "transported" to the future by a freak nuclear accident.
------- Last World War.
1973 Jul 15 Destruction of the Prometheus. 28 people killed and 73 wounded. Passing of the Zittman antirocketry bill.
1974 Eldridge controls the American congress. Federal Scientific Research Investigatory Bureau established by the Stonely-Carter bill.
1978 First space flight of John Harman and the New Prometheus.
1982 Susan Calvin born.
1982 Lawrence Robertson forms United States Robots & Mechanical Men, Incorporated.
1996 'Robbie' manufactured by United States Robots.
1998 Lefebre-Yoshida expedition to Mars takes off from Lunar Base.
1998 New York passes ordinance keeping all robots off the streets between sunset and sunrise.
2003-2007 Most world governments ban robot use on Earth other than scientific research.

2005 Fatal First Mercury Expedition launched.
2008 Susan Calvin obtains Doctorate and joins United States Robots as robopsychologist.
2015 Second Mercury Expedition financed by United States Robots and by Solar Minerals.
2029 Hyper Base closed for a period of two weeks after the loss of an NS robot. First interstellar jump by Gregory Powell and Michael Donovan under the control of "The Brain".
------- Unsuccessful demonstration of the hyperspatial jump on H937.
2037 First practical hyperatomic motor produced.
2037 Stephen Byerley becomes Regional Co-ordinator for the Northern Region.
2044 The Regions of Earth form a Federation and appoint Stephen Byerley as its first World Co-ordinator.
2048 Stephen Byerley elected for a second term as World Co-ordinator.
2052 Earth population at 3.3 billion.
2064 Susan Calvin dies.

Spacer Era (2064-4728)

------- Earth colonises Aurora; later colonised 29 more worlds.
4421 Founding of the 'City' of New York
------- Great Rebellion resulting in the independence of the Outer Worlds from Earth.
4522 Solaria becomes independent.
4679 Elijah Baley born on Earth.
4696 Spacetown established on Earth. Spacetown Barrier Riots.
------- Shanghai anti-robot riots.
4705 Bentley Baley born on Earth.
4705 Population of Earth 8,000,000,000. Population of the 50 Spacer worlds 5,500,000,000.
4712 Earth sociologists conclude that the Spacers are becoming too powerful for Earth's survival.
4720 R. Daneel Olivaw constructed.
4721 Spacetown disbanded.
4724 Earth allowed to begin a second wave of Galactic colonisation.
4728 Earth begins the second wave of Galactic expansion.

Pre-Imperial Era (4728-1 G.E.)

4728 Baleyworld founded.
4729 Earth and Spacer worlds sign the Earth-Spacer Treaty of Friendship where Earth agrees not to colonise any world within 20 light years of any Spacer world.
4924 Earth's natural radiation becomes to increase as a result of the actions of Amadiro and Mandamus
5200 Colonisation of the Horsehead Nebula begins.

Galactic Era (beginning circa 10,000 A.D.)

------ First Earth rebellion against the Empire.
------ Second Earth rebellion against the Empire.
750 Third Earth rebellion against the Empire.
810 Earth population 20,000,000.
817 Earth scientists isolate the Common Fever virus.
822 100,000 people die on Earth during a famine.
823 Lord Ennius appointed Procurator of Earth.
825 Affret Shekt develops the Synapsifier.
828 Joseph Schwartz, Bel Arvarden, Affret Shekt, and Pola Shekt avert a plan, formulated by Earth Zealots, to destroy the Galaxy.
828 The Empire begins transporting soil to Earth.
12,566 (499 F.E.) Golan Trevize and his ship discovers Earth.

During the Imperial Era, Earth is disliked by the rest of the Empire, and it is discriminated against. Because of its radioactivity, it is a very poor planet. Anyone who is unable to work is legally required to be killed. Earthpeople must also be executed when they reach the age of sixty, with a very few exceptions for people who have made significant contributions to society.

Fictional Places

• Schenectady — Primary plant of U.S. Robots (Ancient Era)
• New York City — Home of Elijah Baley; population >20,000,000; population density: 4000/km² (Spacer Era)
  • Spacetown — Region on the edge of New York City inhabited by Spacers (Spacer Era)
  • Other cities: Bonair; Conair; Senfran (ancient San Francisco); Washenn (ancient Washington, D.C.), capital of Earth
• Chica — One of the largest cities of the Galactic Era
  • Fort Dibburn — Imperial Garrison
  • Institute for Nuclear Research — Institute where synapsifier developed
• Procurator's palace — Home of the Procurator of Earth; 13 km² (5 mile²); artificial garden in the Himalaya (Galactic Era)
• Temple of Senloo — Base from which Earth Zealots attempted to launch their attack on the Galaxy

Planetography

• Star
  • Class: G-0
• Planet (Sol III)
  • Distance from Sol:
  • Mass: 5.4E21 kg (6E21 tons)
  • Radius: 6,378 km (3,961 miles)
  • Axial inclination: 23.5º
  • Rotation: 1 Galactic Standard Day
  • Revolution: 1 Galactic Standard Year