The art of calligraphy is widely practiced and revered in the East Asian civilizations that use Chinese characters. These include China, Japan, Korea, and to a lesser extent, Vietnam. In addition to being an artform in its own right, calligraphy has also influenced ink and wash painting, which is accomplished using similar tools and techniques. The East Asian tradition of calligraphy originated and developed from China, specifically the ink and brush writing of Chinese characters. There is a general standardization of the various styles of calligraphy in the East Asian tradition. Calligraphy has also led to the development of many other forms of art in East Asia, including seal carving, ornate paperweights, and inkstones. Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Map of eastern China and Taiwan, showing the historic distribution of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji   ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮名), katakana (片仮名), and the Arabic numerals. ... Hiragana ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana and kanji; the Latin alphabet is also used in some cases. ... Kana is a general term for two types of syllabic Japanese script: hiragana (ひらがな) and katakana (カタカナ). These were developed as an alternative and adjunct to ideograph based characters of Chinese origin, or Kanji (漢字). Hiragana and katakana (grouped vertically). ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji The Hepburn romanization system ) is named after James Curtis Hepburn, who used it to transcribe the sounds of the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet in the third edition of his Japanese–English dictionary, published... Jamo redirects here. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ... The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea. ... McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which replaced (a modified) McCune-Reischauer as the official romanization system in South Korea in 2000. ... The Vietnamese alphabet has the following 29 letters, in collating order: Vietnamese also uses the 10 digraphs and 1 trigraph below. ... Hán tá»± (漢字, lit. ... Contemporary Western Calligraphy. ... East Asia Geographic East Asia. ... Central New York City. ... Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ... Ink and wash painting, also known as wash painting or (by its Japanese name) sumi-e, is an East Asian school of brush painting. ... Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... A Baiwen name seal; Read up-down-right-left; Ye Hao Min Ying (lit. ... Inkstone is a mill of inkstick and container of ink. ...

Styles

Seal	Clerical	Semi-cursive	Cursive	Regular

From the seal script was derived the clerical script; and from the clerical script were derived both the regular script and the cursive scripts. Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji   ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮名), katakana (片仮名), and the Arabic numerals. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... For other meanings, see Hepburn (disambiguation). ... Jamo redirects here. ... The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea. ... Quechua (Standard Quechua, Runasimi Language of People) is an Native American language of South America. ... 《尋隱者不遇》—賈島 松下問童子 言師採藥去 隻在此山中 雲深不知處 Seeking the Master but not Meeting by Jia Dao Beneath a pine I asked a little child. ... The clerical script or chancery script (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: lìshu; Japanese: 隸書体, Reishotai;) is an archaic style of Chinese calligraphy which, due to its high legibility to modern readers, is still being used for artistic flavor in a variety of functional applications such as headlines, signboards and advertisements. ... Japanese name Kanji: Kana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Semi-cursive script is a partially cursive style of Chinese calligraphy. ... Chinese characters of Cursive Script in regular script (left) and cursive script (right). ... Sheng Jiao Xu by Chu Suiliang: calligraphy of the Kaishu style The Regular Script, or in Chinese Kaishu (楷書 Pinyin: kÇŽishÅ«) and Japanese Kaisho, also commonly known as Standard Regular (正楷), is the newest of the Chinese calligraphy styles (peaked at the 7th century), hence most common in modern writings and... Image File history File links XiaozhuanQinquan_sized. ... Image File history File links LishuHuashanmiao. ... Image File history File links XingshuLantingxv. ... Image File history File links CaoshuShupu. ... Image File history File links KaishuOuyangxun. ...

Characters are often written in ancient variations or simplifications that deviate from the modern standards used in Chinese, Japanese, or Korean. Modern variations or simplifications of characters, akin to Chinese Simplified characters or Japanese shinjitai, are occasionally used, especially since some simplified forms derive from cursive script shapes in the first place. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Shinjitai (in Shinjitai: ; in Kyūjitai: 新字體; meaning new character form), are the forms of Kanji used in Japan since the promulgation of the Tōyō Kanji List in 1946. ...

The Japanese syllabaries of katakana and hiragana are used in calligraphy; katakana were derived from regular script shapes and hiragana from characters in the cursive script. In Korea, the post-Korean War period saw the increased use of hangul, the Korean alphabet, in calligraphy. Katakana ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji, and in some cases the Latin alphabet. ... Hiragana ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana and kanji; the Latin alphabet is also used in some cases. ... Combatants  United Nations:  Republic of Korea  Australia  Belgium  Canada  Colombia  Ethiopia  France Greece  Luxembourg  Netherlands  New Zealand  Philippines South Africa  Thailand  Turkey  United Kingdom  United States Medical staff:  Denmark  Italy  Norway  Sweden Communist: Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea  Peoples Republic of China  Soviet Union Commanders Syngman Rhee Chung... Jamo redirects here. ...

Seal Script

Main article: Seal script

The Seal Script (often called Small Seal Script) is the formal script of the Qin system of writing, the informal script of which was precursor to the Clerical Script. Seal script is the oldest style that continues to be widely practiced. Today, this ancient style of Chinese writing is used predominantly in seals, hence the English name. Although seals (name chops), which make a signature-like impression, are carved in wood, jade and other materials, the script itself was originally written with brush and ink on paper, just like all other scripts. 《尋隱者不遇》—賈島 松下問童子 言師採藥去 隻在此山中 雲深不知處 Seeking the Master but not Meeting by Jia Dao Beneath a pine I asked a little child. ... Image File history File links Seal_Eg. ... Qin or Chin (Wade-Giles) (秦), pronounced something like Shin, (778 BC-207 BC) was a state during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods of China. ... This article is about the authentication means. ...

Most people today cannot read the seal script, so it is generally not used outside the fields of calligraphy and carved seals. However, because seals act like legal signatures in Chinese culture, Korean culture, and Japanese culture, and because vermillion seal impressions are a fundamental part of the presentation of works of art such as calligraphy and painting, seals and therefore seal script remain ubiquitous. For other uses, see Signature (disambiguation). ... Chinese culture has roots going back over five thousand years. ... The traditional culture of Korea is shared by South Korea and North Korea, but there are regional differences. ... Japanese culture and language Japans isolation until the arrival of the Black Ships and the Meiji era produced a culture distinctively different from any other, and echoes of this uniqueness persist today. ...

Clerical Script

Main article: Clerical script

The Clerical Script (often simply termed lìshū; and sometimes called Official, Draft or Scribal Script) developed from the Seal Script. In general, characters are often "flat" in appearance, being wider than they are tall. The strokes may appear curved and with variations in width. Most noticeable is the dramatically flared tail of one dominant horizontal or downward-diagonal stroke, especially that to the lower right. This characteristic stroke has famously been called 'silkworm head and wild goose tail' (蠶頭雁尾 cántóu yànwěi）in Chinese due to its distinctive shape. The clerical script or chancery script (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: lìshu; Japanese: 隸書体, Reishotai;) is an archaic style of Chinese calligraphy which, due to its high legibility to modern readers, is still being used for artistic flavor in a variety of functional applications such as headlines, signboards and advertisements. ... Image File history File links Clerical_Eg. ...

The archaic Clerical Script of the Chinese Warring States period to Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty can often be difficult to read for a modern East Asian person, but the mature Clerical Script of the middle to late Han dynasty is generally legible. Modern works in the Clerical Script tend to use the mature, late Hàn style, and may also use modernized character structures, resulting in a form as transparent and legible as Regular (or standard) Script. The Clerical Script remains common as a typeface used for decorative purposes (for example, in displays), but it is not commonly written. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Qin Dynasty in 210 BC Capital Xianyang Language(s) Chinese Government Monarchy History  - Unification of China 221 BC  - Death of Qin Shi Huangdi 210 BC  - Surrender to Liu Bang 206 BC The Qin Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chin Chao) (221 BC - 206 BC) was preceded by the... Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BC–9 AD) Luoyang (25 AD–190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History  - Establishment 206 BC  - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC  - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24  - Abdication to Cao Wei 220...

Semi-cursive Script

Main article: Semi-cursive script

The Semi-cursive Script (also called Running Script, 行書) approximates normal handwriting in which strokes and, more rarely, characters are allowed to run into one another. In writing in the Semi-cursive Script, the brush leaves the paper less often than in the Regular Script. Characters appear less angular and rounder. Japanese name Kanji: Kana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Semi-cursive script is a partially cursive style of Chinese calligraphy. ... Image File history File links Semi-Cur_Eg. ...

In general, an educated person in China or Japan can read characters written in the Semi-cursive Script with relative ease, but may have occasional difficulties with certain idiosyncratic shapes.

Cursive Script

Main article: Cursive script

The Cursive Script (sometimes called Grass Script, 草書) is a fully cursive script, and a person who can read the Semi-cursive Script cannot be expected to read the Grass Script without training. Entire characters may be written without lifting the brush from the paper at all, and characters frequently flow into one another. Strokes are modified or eliminated completely to facilitate smooth writing and to create a beautiful, abstract appearance. Characters are highly rounded and soft in appearance, with a noticeable lack of angular lines. Chinese characters of Cursive Script in regular script (left) and cursive script (right). ... Image File history File links Cur_Eg. ...

The Cursive Script is the source of Japanese hiragana, as well as many modern simplified forms in Simplified Chinese characters and Japanese shinjitai.

Regular Script

Main article: Regular script

The Regular Script (often called standard script or simply kǎishū) is one of the last major calligraphic styles to develop, emerging between the Chinese Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms period, gaining dominance in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and maturing in the Tang Dynasty. It emerged from a neatly written, early period semi-cursive form of clerical script. As the name suggests, the Regular Script is "regular", with each of the strokes placed slowly and carefully, the brush lifted from the paper and all the strokes distinct from each other. Sheng Jiao Xu by Chu Suiliang: calligraphy of the Kaishu style The Regular Script, or in Chinese Kaishu (楷書 Pinyin: kÇŽishÅ«) and Japanese Kaisho, also commonly known as Standard Regular (正楷), is the newest of the Chinese calligraphy styles (peaked at the 7th century), hence most common in modern writings and... Image File history File links Regular_Eg. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ... This article is about China. ... For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ... The clerical script or chancery script (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: lìshu; Japanese: 隸書体, Reishotai;) is an archaic style of Chinese calligraphy which, due to its high legibility to modern readers, is still being used for artistic flavor in a variety of functional applications such as headlines, signboards and advertisements. ...

The Regular Script is also the most easily and widely recognized style, as it is the script to which children in East Asian countries and beginners of East Asian languages are first introduced. For learners of calligraphy, the Regular Script is usually studied first to give students a feel for correct placement and balance, as well as to provide a proper base for the other, more flowing styles.

In the Regular Script samples to the right, the characters in the left column are in Traditional Chinese while those to the right are in Simplified Chinese. Traditional Chinese (Traditional Chinese: 正體字/繁體字, Simplified Chinese: 正体字/繁体字) refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Edomoji

Main article: Edomoji

There is also a large family of native Japanese calligraphic styles known as edomoji, characters created in the Edo period of Japanese history, such as sumōmoji (sumo letters) used to write sumō wrestling posters, kanteiryū, used for kabuki, higemoji, and so on. These styles are typically not taught in Japanese calligraphy schools. Edomoji (江戸文字) are Japanese lettering styles which were invented for advertising in the Edo period. ... Edomoji (江戸文字) are Japanese lettering styles which were invented for advertising in the Edo period. ... Edo (Japanese: , literally: bay-door, estuary, pronounced //), once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo. ... Sumo (相撲 Sumō, alternatively 大相撲 ÅŒzumō), or Sumo wrestling, is a competition contact sport wherein two wrestlers or rikishi face off in a circular area. ... The oldest Kabuki theatre in Japan: the Minamiza in Kyoto The Kabukiza in Ginza is one of Tokyos leading kabuki theaters. ...

Chinese and Korean people can read edomoji, but the style has a distinct Japanese feel to it. It is therefore commonly used in China and Korea to advertise Japanese restaurants.

Munjado

Munjado is a Korean decorative style of rendering Chinese characters in which brush strokes are replaced with representational paintings that provide commentary on the meaning.[1] The characters thus rendered are traditionally those for the eight Confucian virtues of humility, honor, duty, propriety, trust, loyalty, brotherly love, and filial piety.

Kaō

Main article: Kaō

The kaō is a stylized calligraphic signature. Many Japanese emperors, shogun, and even modern politicians develop their own kaō. Kaō of Toyotomi Hideyoshi A kaō ) is a stylized signature or a mark used in place of a signature. ...

Tools

The paper, ink, brush, and inkstone are essential implements of East Asian calligraphy: they are known together as the Four Treasures of the Study (T: 文房四寶 / S: 文房四宝) in China, and as the Four Friends of the Study (HG: 문방사우 / HJ: 文房四友) in Korea. In addition to these four tools, desk pads and paperweights are also used by calligraphers.

Paper

Special types of paper are used in East Asian calligraphy.

In China, Xuanzhi, traditionally made in Anhui province, is the preferred type of paper. It is made from the Tartar wingceltis (Pteroceltis tartarianovii), as well as other materials including rice, the paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera), bamboo, hemp, etc. Anhui (Chinese: 安徽; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: An-hui; Postal System Pinyin: Ngan-hui, Anhwei or An-hwei) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. ... For other uses, see Bamboo (disambiguation). ... U.S. Marihuana production permit. ...

In Japan, Washi is made from the kozo (paper mulberry), ganpi (Wikstroemia sikokiana), and mitsumata (Edgeworthia papyrifera), as well as other materials like bamboo, hemp, rice, and wheat. Sometimes the brush is used to put ink on a pen. The Sugiharagami (杉原紙), a kind of Washi Washi (和紙) or Wagami is a type of paper made in Japan. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ...

Ink

The ink is made from lampblack (soot) and binders, and comes in sticks which must be rubbed with water on an inkstone until the right consistency is achieved. Much cheaper, pre-mixed bottled inks are now available, but these are used primarily for practice as stick inks are considered higher quality and chemical inks are more prone to bleeding over time, making them less suitable for use in hanging scrolls. Learning to rub the ink is an essential part of calligraphy study. Traditionally, East Asian calligraphy is written only in black ink, but modern calligraphers sometimes use other colours. Calligraphy teachers use a bright orange or red ink with which they write practice characters for students and correct students' work.

Brush

Main article: Ink brush

The brush is the traditional writing implement in East Asian calligraphy. The body of the brush can be made from either bamboo, or rarer materials like red sandalwood, glass, ivory, silver, and gold. The head of the brush can be made from the hair (or feather) of a wide variety of animals, including the wolf, rabbit, deer, chicken, duck, goat, pig, tiger, etc. There is also a tradition in both China and Japan of making a brush using the hair of a newborn, as a once-in-a-lifetime souvenir for the child. This practice is associated with the legend of an ancient Chinese scholar who scored first in the Imperial examinations by using such a personalized brush. Ink brushes (筆, in Japanese fude) are speciality brushes used in East Asian calligraphy. ... For other uses, see Bamboo (disambiguation). ... source: Koehler (1887) The famous red sandalwood (sometimes red sanders wood) is yielded by Pterocarpus santalinus. ... This article is about the material. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the chemical element. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... For other uses, see Rabbit (disambiguation). ... This article is about the ruminent animal. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Subfamilies Dendrocygninae Oxyurinae Anatinae Aythyinae Merginae Duck is the common name for a number of species in the Anatidae family of birds. ... This article is about the domestic species. ... For other uses, see Pig (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tiger (disambiguation). ... The Imperial examinations (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) in Imperial China determined who among the population would be permitted to enter the states bureaucracy. ...

Today, calligraphy may also be done using a pen, but pen calligraphy does not enjoy the same prestige as traditional brush calligraphy. For other uses, see Pen (disambiguation). ...

A video showing how to hold a Chinese brush

Inkstone

A stone or ceramic inkstone is used to rub the solid ink stick into liquid ink and to contain the ink once it is liquid. Cheaper inkstones are made of plastic. Inkstone is a mill of inkstick and container of ink. ...

Inkstones are often carved, so they are collectible works of art on their own.

Paperweight

Paperweights are used to weigh down paper. Paperweights come in several types: some are oblong wooden blocks carved with calligraphic or pictorial designs; others are essentially small sculptures of people or animals. Like inkstones, paperweights are collectible works of art on their own right.

Desk pad

The desk pad (Chinese T: 畫氈, S: 画毡, Pinyin: huàzhān; Japanese: 下敷 shitajiki) is a pad made of felt. Some are printed with grids on both sides, so that when it is placed under the translucent paper, it can be used as a guide to ensure correct placement and size of characters. These printed pads are used only by students. Both desk pads and the printed grids come in a variety of sizes. Traditional Chinese (Traditional Chinese: 正體字/繁體字, Simplified Chinese: 正体字/繁体字) refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Shitajiki (Japanaese: 下敷き, under-spread), commonly translated as pencil board or desk pad, is a cardboard or plastic pad. ...

Seal

Main article: Chinese seal

Works of calligraphy are usually completed by the artist putting his or her seal at the very end, in red ink. The seal serves the function of a signature. A Baiwen name seal; Read up-down-right-left; Ye Hao Min Ying (lit. ... A Baiwen name seal; Read up-down-right-left; Ye Hao Min Ying (lit. ...

Study

The Chinese method of holding the brush

How the brush is held depends on which calligraphic genre is practiced. For Chinese calligraphy, the method of holding the brush is more special; the brush is held vertically straight gripped between the thumb and middle finger. The index finger lightly touches the upper part of the shaft of the brush (stabilizing it) while the ring and little fingers tuck under the bottom of the shaft. The palm is hollow and you should be able to hold an egg in there. This method, although difficult to hold correctly for the beginner, allows greater freedom of movement, control and execution of strokes. For Japanese calligraphy, the brush is held in the right hand between the thumb and the index finger, very much like a Western pen. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (500x667, 26 KB) Summary Self-photograph of hand holding a Chinese brush. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (500x667, 26 KB) Summary Self-photograph of hand holding a Chinese brush. ... Calligraphy is an art dating back to the earliest day of history, and widely practiced throughout China to this day. ...

A paperweight is placed at the top of all but the largest pages to prevent slipping; for smaller pieces the left hand is also placed at the bottom of the page for support.

In China, there are many people who practice calligraphy in public places such as parks and sidewalks, using water as their ink and the ground as their paper. Very large brushes are required. Although such calligraphic works are temporary (as the water will eventually dry), they serve the dual purpose of both being an informal public display of one's work, and an opportunity to further practice one's calligraphy.

In Japan, smaller pieces of Japanese calligraphy are traditionally written seated in the traditional Japanese way (seiza), on the knees with the buttocks resting on the heels. In modern times, however, practitioners frequently practice calligraphy seated on a chair at a table. Larger pieces may be written while standing; in this case the paper is usually placed directly on the floor, but some calligraphers use an easel. The History of Japanese calligraphy () has been heavily influenced by Chinese calligraphy. ... A woman in seiza, on tatami, performing a Japanese tea ceremony Seiza (正座, literally correct sitting) is the traditional formal way of sitting in Japan. ...

Calligraphy takes many years of dedicated practice. Correct stroke order, proper balance and rhythm of characters are essential in calligraphy. Skilled handling of the brush produces a pleasing balance of characters on the paper, thick and thin lines, and heavy and light inking. In most cases, a calligrapher will practice writing the Chinese character yong (永) many, many times in order to perfect the eight basic essential strokes contained within the character. Those who can correctly write the yong character beautifully can potentially write all characters with beauty. Outline of the character æ°¸, showing stroke order. ... The Eight Principles of Yong (永字八法 Pinyin: YÇ’ngzì Bā FÇŽ; Japanese: えいじはっぽう, Eiji Happō; Korean: 영자팔법. Yeongjapalbeop; Vietnamese: VÄ©nh Tá»± Bát Pháp/ Tám PhÆ°Æ¡ng Pháp về Chữ VÄ©nh) explains how to write the eight strokes common in Chinese characters found all in the one character...

Basic calligraphy instruction is part of the regular school curriculum in both China and Japan.

Noted calligraphers

Nearly all traditionally educated men (and sometimes women) in East Asia are proficient in calligraphy. The most famous are:

China

Chinese calligraphy of mixed styles written by Song Dynasty (1051-1108 CE) poet Mifu. For centuries, the Chinese literati were expected to master the art of calligraphy.

Cry for noble Saichō (哭最澄上人), written by Emperor Saga for Saichō's death. Chinese calligraphic influence had weakened after Heian period. This text was one of the few examples of the transformation.

• Wei Shuo 衛鑠 衛夫人
• Wang Xizhi 王羲之
• Wang Xianzhi 王獻之
• Huai Su 怀素 (懷素)
• Qigong (启功)
• Yu Shinan 虞世南
• Zhang Xu 張旭
• Yan Zhenqing 顏真卿
• Liu Gongquan 柳公權
• Ouyang Xun 歐陽詢
• Su Shi 蘇軾
• Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty 宋徽宗 趙佶
• Zhao Mengfu 趙孟頫
• Liu Bingsen 劉炳森
• Mao Zedong 毛澤東
• Chiang Kai-Shek 蔣中正
• Kang Youwei (possibly considered one)
• Zheng Banqiao 鄭板橋
• Huang Ruheng
• Shi Kefa 史可法

See also [2] Image File history File links Mifu02. ... Image File history File links Mifu02. ... Northern Song in 1111 AD Capital Bianjing (汴京) (960–1127) Linan (臨安) (1127–1276) Language(s) Chinese Religion Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy Emperor  - 960–976 Emperor Taizu  - 1126–1127 Emperor Qinzong  - 1127–1162 Emperor Gaozong  - 1278–1279 Emperor Bing History  - Zhao Kuangyin taking over the throne of the Later Zhou... Mi Fu(1051-1107) was a native of Shanxi who was noted as a Chinese painter, poet, and calligrapher. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 420 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (973 × 1389 pixel, file size: 212 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Koku Saicho shounin (哭最澄上人), literally translated as Cry for noble Saichō, was written by Emperor Saga when noble Buddhist monk Saichō was died. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 420 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (973 × 1389 pixel, file size: 212 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Koku Saicho shounin (哭最澄上人), literally translated as Cry for noble Saichō, was written by Emperor Saga when noble Buddhist monk Saichō was died. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Emperor Saga (嵯峨天皇, Saga tennō) (786–842) was the 52nd imperial ruler of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. ... Lady Wèi Shuò (Traditional: 衛鑠, Simplified: 卫铄) (272-349), commonly addressed just as Lady Wei (衛夫人 Wei Furen), was a calligrapher of Eastern Jin Dynasty China who established consequential rules about the Regular Script. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Author:Wang Xizhi Wang Xizhi (王羲之) (303-361) was a famous Chinese calligrapher. ... Wang Xianzhi (王獻之, 344 - 386) is a famous Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. ... Huai Su was one of the two great Kuangcao calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty, a native of Tanzhou (present-day Changsha, Hunan Province). ... Qigong (July 26, 1912 — June 30, 2005) (Simplified Chinese: 启功, Styled Yuanbai) was a renouned Chinese calligraphy artist and sinologist. ... Yu Shinan (Simplified Chinese: 虞世南, Traditional Chinese: 虞世南; pinyin: Yú Shìnán; 558 - 638), is a master of calligraphy in early Tang Dynasty. ... Zhang Xu (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 658? - 747?) was a Chinese calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty. ... Yan Zhenqing (Simplified Chinese: 顏真卿; Traditional Chinese: 顏真卿; pinyin: ) (709 – 785) was a leading Chinese calligrapher and a loyal governor of the Tang Dynasty. ... Liǔ Gōngquán (柳公權, 778 - 865), was a Chinese calligrapher who stood with Yan Zhenqing as the two great masters of late Tang calligraphy. ... Ouyang Xun (歐陽詢 pinyin: ou1yang2 xun2; aka Ouyang Hsun) (557 - 641 AD) was a Confucian scholar and calligrapher of the early Tang Dynasty (唐朝). In 622 AD he was one of three who compiled the Classics Anthology of Literary Works (藝文類聚, pinyin: yi4wen2 lei4ju4, Yiwen Leiju). ... Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. ... Emperor Huizong (November 2, 1082 – June 4, 1135) was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Song Dynasty of China, with a personal life spent amidst luxury, sophistication, and art, and ending in tragedy. ... Categories: Artist stubs | Calligraphers | Chinese painters ... Mao redirects here. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... Kang Youwei (Chinese: 康有為; March 19, 1858–March 31, 1927) was a Chinese scholar and political reformist. ... Lanhuatu Zheng Xie (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: )(1693-1765), commonly known as Zheng Banqiao (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ), was a painter from Jiangsu. ... Huang Ruheng (黃汝亨) (1558-1626) was a noted Chinese calligrapher of the late Ming Dynasty. ... Shi Kefa (Chinese: , 1601—1645) was a Ming general and calligrapher, who in the last days of the Ming Dynasty gave his life resisting the advancing Qing armies. ...

Japan

• Kūkai 空海
• Emperor Saga 嵯峨天皇
• Tachibana no Hayanari 橘逸勢
• Ono Michikaze 小野道風
• Fujiwara no Sukemasa 藤原佐理
• Fujiwara no Yukinari 藤原行成
• Hon'ami Kōetsu 本阿弥光悦
• Konoe Nobutada 近衛信尹
• Shokado Shojo 松花堂昭乗
• Ryōkan 良寛
• Yamaoka Tesshu 山岡鉄舟
• Igaki Hokujo 井垣北城

Painting of Kūkai (774-835). ... Emperor Saga (嵯峨天皇, Saga tennō) (786–842) was the 52nd imperial ruler of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. ... Tachibana no Hayanari (橘逸勢, 782-844) was a Heian period Japanese government official, calligrapher, and member of the Tachibana family. ... Ono no Michikaze or Ono no Tōfū (小野の道風 born in 894AD, Died in 966AD)is a prominent Shodoka (japanese calligrapher) who lived in the Heian Period (794-1185). ... Fujiwara no Sukemasa (藤原佐理)(944-998) was a son of Fujiwara no Atsutoshi, and a renowned Japanese calligrapher of the Heian period. ... Fujiwara no Yukinari, or Fujiwara no Kozei 藤原の行成, (b. ... Honami Kōetsu (本阿弥光悦)(1558-1637) was a Japanese craftsman, potter, lacquerer, and calligrapher, whose work is generally considered to have inspired the founding of the Rinpa school of painting. ... Konoe Nobutada (近衛信尹, 1565-1614) was a Momoyama period Japanese poet, calligrapher, painter and diarist. ... A statue of Ryōkan. ... Yamaoka Tesshu was a famous samurai living the peiod known as the Meiji Restoration. ...

Korea

Buiseonrando, which was written and painted by Kim Jeonghee. This original Korean calligraphy is called Chusache, which was named after his pen name.

• Choi Chiwon 최치원
• Kim Saeng 김생
• Tan Yeon 탄연
• Yi Aam 이암
• Yi Yong 이용
• Bak Jega 박제가
• Kim Jeonghee 김정희
• Kim Myeong-hui 김명회
• Han Seokbong 한석봉
• Sejong the Great 세종대왕
• Grand Prince Anpyeong 안평대군
• Kang Sehwang 강세황
• Yun Sun 윤순
• Yi I 이이
• Yi Hwang 이황
• Yi Sun-sin 이순신
• Shin Saimdang 신사임당
• Jeong Yak-yong 정약용
• Kim Okgyun 김옥균

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 337 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (500 × 889 pixels, file size: 101 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 337 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (500 × 889 pixels, file size: 101 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Kim Jeonghui (1786-1856) was a Korean epigrapher. ... This is a Korean name; the family name is Choe Pen name Choe Chiwon (857-10th century) was a noted Korean Confucian official, philosopher, and poet of the late Unified Silla period (668-935). ... Kim Jeonghui (1786-1856) was a Korean epigrapher. ... Kim Myeong-hui (1788-?) was a calligrapher of the late Joseon Dynasty. ... King Sejong the Great (May 6, 1397 - May 18, 1450), born I Do, was the fourth ruler of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1418 to 1450. ... Pen name Courtesy name Kang Sehwang (1713 - 1791), was a not only a high government official but also a representative painter and calligrapher and art critic of the mid Joseon period. ... Yi I (26 December 1536-1584) was one of the two most prominent Korean Confucian scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, the other being his older contemporary, Yi Hwang (Toegye). ... Yi Hwang(李滉 1501-1570) was one of the two most prominent Korean Confucian scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, the other being his younger contemporary Yi I (Yulgok). ... This is a Korean name; the family name is Yi Pen name Yi Sun-sin (April 28, 1545 – December 16, 1598), also commonly transliterated Yi Soon-shin, was a Korean naval leader noted for his victories against the Japanese navy during the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598) during the... Sin Saimdang (1504-1551) was a Korean artist and calligraphist, and the mother of the Confucian scholar Yulgok. ... Jeong Yak-yong, also Jeong Yag-yong or Dasan (1762-1836), was a leading Korean philosopher during the Joseon Dynasty. ... Kim Okgyun (1851-1894) was a Gae-Hwa-Pa (개화파) activist during the Joseon Dynasty. ...

See also

• Chinese art
  • Chinese calligraphy (Redirected here)
• Japanese art
  • Japanese calligraphy
• Korean art
  • Korean calligraphy (Redirected here)

• Ink and wash painting
• Songti
• Stroke order
• Chinese character
• Eight Principles of Yong

Chinese Jade ornament with flower design, Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 AD), Shanghai Museum. ... Calligraphy is an art dating back to the earliest day of history, and widely practiced throughout China to this day. ... Bronze statue of Amida Buddha at Kotokuin in Kamakura (1252 A.D.) Japanese art covers a wide range of art styles and media, including ancient pottery, sculpture in wood and bronze, ink painting on silk and paper, and a myriad of other types of works of art. ... The History of Japanese calligraphy () has been heavily influenced by Chinese calligraphy. ... Landscape of Geumgangsan in Korea. ... Korean calligraphy - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Ink and wash painting, also known as wash painting or (by its Japanese name) sumi-e, is an East Asian school of brush painting. ... fig. ... Outline of the character æ°¸, showing stroke order. ... Japanese name Kanji: Hiragana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Vietnamese name Quốc ngữ: Hán tá»±: A Chinese character or Han character (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a logogram used in writing Chinese, Japanese, sometimes Korean, and formerly Vietnamese. ... The Eight Principles of Yong (永字八法 Pinyin: YÇ’ngzì Bā FÇŽ; Japanese: えいじはっぽう, Eiji Happō; Korean: 영자팔법. Yeongjapalbeop; Vietnamese: VÄ©nh Tá»± Bát Pháp/ Tám PhÆ°Æ¡ng Pháp về Chữ VÄ©nh) explains how to write the eight strokes common in Chinese characters found all in the one character...

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

East Asian calligraphy

• Chinese calligraphy Technique, material, and more...
• Art of Chinese Calligraphy
• History of Chinese Calligraphy
• Evolution of Korean calligraphy on display
• History of calligraphy in Korea
• Nghệ Thuật Bút Lông
• Shotai - Sljfaq
• History of Calligraphy in Vietnam
• Article on Ground Calligraphy or Water-writing in Bejing
• Chinese Calligraphy online editor