Flag of the East Turkestan Republic. It was reportedly established in Kashgar, China, 1933.[1]

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East Turkestan Independence Movement is a broad term that refers to advocates of an independent, self-governing Xinjiang, also referred to as East Turkestan. Currently the area is an autonomous region in the People's Republic of China. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Location of Kashgar Kashgars Sunday market Kashgar (also spelled Cascar[1]) (Uyghur: /; Chinese: ; pinyin: , ), is an oasis city in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... For the county in Shanxi province, see Xinjiang County. ... East Turkestan (also transliterated: East Turkistan; Uyghur: Sherqiy Türkistan), also known as Uyghurstan, is the part of greater Turkistan in Xinjiang, China and far eastern Central Asia. ... The Peoples Republic of China has created, following Soviet nationality policy, a number of administrative divisions designated as autonomous, although many disagree of their actual autonomy. ...

In general, the wide variety of groups who seek independence for Xinjiang can be distinguished by the type of government they advocate and the role they believe an independent Xinjiang should play in international affairs. Groups who use the term East Turkestan tend to have an orientation towards western Asia, the Islamic world, and Russia. These groups can be further subdivided into those who desire secularity, and identify with the struggle of Kemal Atatürk in Turkey, versus those who want an Islamic theocracy and identify with Saudi Arabia, the former Taliban government in Afghanistan, or Iran. In many cases the latter diminish the importance or deny the existence of a separate Uyghur ethnicity and claim a larger Turanian or Islamic identity. These groups tend to see an independent East Turkestan in which non-Turkic, and especially non-Islamic minorities, such as the Han Chinese would play no significant role. The Islamic world is the world-wide community of those who identify with Islam, known as Muslims, and who number approximately one-and-a-half billion people. ... This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ... Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–10 November 1938), until 1934 Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha, Turkish army officer and revolutionist statesman, was the founder and the first President of the Republic of Turkey. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      For the metal band, refer to Theocracy (band). ... The Taliban (Pashto: , also anglicized as Taleban) are a Sunni Muslim Pashtun movement [2] that ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001, when their leaders were removed from power by a cooperative military effort between the Northern Alliance, United States, and the United Kingdom. ... For the language spoken by this ethnic group, see Uyghur language. ... The Ural-Altaic language family is a grouping of languages which was once widely accepted by linguists, but has since been largely rejected. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... Languages Chinese languages Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ...

Those that use the term Uyghuristan tend to envision a state for the Uyghur people. Those groups that adopt this terminology tended to be allied with the former Soviet Union while it still existed. Since then some of the leaders of these groups have remained in Russia, Kazakhstan or Kyrgyzstan, or have emigrated to Europe and North America. In any future independent Uyghuristan, non-Uyghur peoples such as the Kazakhs, the Uzbeks, the Kyrgyzs, the Han Chinese, or the Hui would exist only as tolerated minorities. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Languages Kazakh (and/or languages in country of residence) Religions Sunni Islam The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; Kazakh: Қазақтар []; Russian: Казахи; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people of the northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia, and... For the language spoken by this ethnic group, see Kyrgyz language. ... Languages Chinese languages Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ... The Hui (回) ethnic group is unrelated to the Hui (徽) dialects. ...

It is worth noting that none of these identities are exclusive. Some groups support more than one such orientation. It is common to support both an Islamic and Turkic orientation for Xinjiang. The founders of the Turkic Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (also known as the East Turkestan Republic) are a good example of this. East Turkistan Republic (or ETR) can refer to: The First East Turkestan Republic (1933-1934) The Second East Turkestan Republic (1943-1949) The general idea in favor of establishing an independent republic in what is currently the PRC-administered province of Xinjiang, popular among some Uyghur nationalists This is a...

Since 1995 the Chair of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization has been Erkin Alptekin, the son of the Uyghur separatist leader Isa Yusuf Alptekin. Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) is a democratic, international organization. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

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Some Uyghur issues being brought to attention in the international arena include a great many alleged injustices. One of the main resources in the area of East Turkestan or Uyghuristan is oil. The Han Chinese have been accused of seizing this wealth, and then bringing in Han Chinese from the other side of the country to fill the jobs to run the drilling and refineries. Also, the Han Chinese government has been accused of taking Uyghur children away from East Turkestan and forcing them to attend schools in other parts of the country, in which they are separated from their families, their culture and their native language, which is very different from Han Chinese. The Han Chinese say that the reason for this is the schools in East Turkestan are not sufficient. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Image File history File links Emblem-important. ...

The desire for independence isn't merely because of cultural or religious differences, but also due to percived injustices. However, more and more the Uyghur movement is being recognized internationally.

See also

• East Turkestan Islamic Movement
• East Turkestan Liberation Organization

East Turkestan Islamic Movement is a militant Islamic group which seeks to separate East Turkestan from the Peoples Republic of China. ... The East Turkistan Liberation Organization (Sharq azat Turkistan) is a Muslim armed separatist group operating in Xinjiang, China and Kyrgyzstan. ...

External links

• Uyghur American Association
• Uyghur Human Rights Project
• World Uyghur Congress
• The Turkistan Newsletter
• The Uyghur Information Agency
• East Turkistan Information Center
• East Turkistan National Freedom Center
• Swedish Uygur Committe
• Terrorism - In the Spotlight: ETIM
• US Treasury Dept. on Addition of ETIM to Terrorist List