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Eastern Canadian Wolf, or Eastern Wolf
Conservation status
Not evaluated
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Canidae Genus: Canis Species: lycaon

The Eastern Canadian Wolf, Canis lycaon, is a potentially new wolf species in North America. Many names were proposed, including the Eastern Wolf, Eastern Gray Wolf, and Algonquin Wolf, although Eastern Canadian Wolf has appeared to gain the most recognition. Image File history File links Circle-question-red. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses Subclass Allotheria* Order Docodonta (extinct) Order Multituberculata (extinct) Order Palaeoryctoides (extinct) Order Triconodonta (extinct) Order Volaticotheria (extinct) Subclass Prototheria Order Monotremata Subclass Theria Infraclass Trituberculata (extinct) Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals characterized by the production of milk in females for the nourishment of... Families 17, See classification The diverse order Carnivora (IPA: or IPA: ; from Latin carō (stem carn-) flesh, + vorāre to devour) includes over 260 placental mammals. ... Genera Alopex Atelocynus Canis Cerdocyon Chrysocyon Cuon Cynotherium † Dusicyon † Dasycyon Fennecus Lycalopex Lycaon Nyctereutes Otocyon Pseudalopex Speothos Urocyon Vulpes Wikispecies has information related to: Canidae Canidae is the family of carnivorous and omnivorous mammals commonly known as canines. ... Species Canis adustus Canis aureus Canis dirus (extinct) Canis latrans Canis lupus Canis mesomelas Canis simensis   † also includes dogs. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call...

Current news

Much of what is known about Eastern Canadian Wolves is currently being reviewed by many international and governmental organizations, as the discovery is recent and the factual knowledge base for this animal is currently in question. Due to heavy pressure from conservation organizations, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources has implemented a ban on the hunting of wolves around Algonquin park. But biologists have stated recent evidence that wolf packs move in and out of the borders of the park, making them easy targets for hunters, farmers and trappers. This evidence suggest that the park itself may not be large enough to hold a healthy population of the Algonquin wolf.

Physical attributes

The Eastern Canadian Wolf is smaller than the Gray Wolf. It has a pale greyish-brown pelt. The back and the sides are covered with long, black hairs. Behind the ears, there is a slight reddish colour. These differences in attributes are thought to be a result of their Red Wolf ancestry. The Algonquin wolf is also skinnier than the Grey Wolf and displays a coyote-like appearance. This is because wolves and coyotes often mate and breed hybrid wolf/coyote pups in the park. The Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society states: "Hybridization with coyotes has historically been a precursor to the decline of Eastern wolf populations. The Committee on the Status of Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) has identified hybridization with coyotes as one of the major threats facing the Eastern wolf, and hybridization continues to pose a serious challenge to red wolf recovery efforts in North Carolina." Because the two animals looks so much alike, a ban on the hunting of Algonquin wolves and coyotes has been in place to make sure no accidental deaths occur. “Gray Wolves” redirects here. ... Grey or gray (see spelling differences) is a color between white and black. ... Brown, when used as a general term, is a color which is a dark orange, red or rose, of very low intensity. ... A pelt is the skin of a (generally) wild animal. ... Black cat, thought by some to cause bad luck (see superstition) Black is the shade of objects that do not reflect light in any part of the visible spectrum. ... A strand of human hair under magnification Hair is also the name of a musical, see respective articles for the stage production and the movie. ... A pierced human ear. ... Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ... Binomial name Canis rufus Audubon & Bachman, 1851 The Red Wolf (Canis rufus), is the rarest and most endangered of all wolves[]. It is thought that its original distribution included much of eastern North America, where Red Wolves were found from Pennsylvania in the east, Florida in the south, and Texas... Kinship and descent is one of the major concepts of cultural anthropology. ... Binomial name Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 The Wolf or Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) is a mammal of the Canidae family and the ancestor of the domestic dog. ...

Grey wolves will attack, kill or drive out coyotes if they find them, but recent studies by John and Mary Theberge suggest that Algonquin red wolf males mate and accept coyote females. John Theberge states that, because coyotes are smaller than wolves, that female wolves would be less likely to accept a smaller mate.

Range

The Eastern Canadian Wolf mainly occupies the area in and around Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, and also ventures into adjacent parts of Quebec, Canada. It also may be present in Minnesota and Manitoba. In the past, this species might have ranged south into the United States, but after the arrival of Europeans, these wolves were heavily persecuted and became extirpated from the United States. In Canada, exact numbers of Eastern Canadian Wolves are unknown. Algonquin Provincial Park is a provincial park located between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River in central Ontario. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area Ranked 4th... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Official languages French Government - Lieutenant-Governor Lise Thibault - Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 75 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area Ranked 2nd - Total 1,542,056 km² - Water... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English and French, per mandate of the Constitution Act 1982 Government - Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard - Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 14 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 15, 1870 (5th...

In Algonquin wolves often travel outside the park boundaries, and enter farm country where some are killed. "Of all the wolf deaths recorded from 1988 to 1999, a minimum of 66% was caused by humans. Shooting and snaring outside park boundaries were the leading causes of death for wolves radio-collared in Algonquin Park" (Theberge 1998, CBSG 2000). One wolf that was radio-collared in July 1992 was located in October in Gatineau Park (north of Ottawa), which is 170 km from Algonquin Park. By mid-December it had made its way back to Algonquin ,and then, in March 1993, this wolf's severed head was found nailed to a telephone poll in Round Lake by someone who hated wolves.

Diet

The Eastern Canadian Wolf preys on White-tailed Deer, Moose, lagomorphs, and rodents including beaver, muskrat, and mice. Preying on American Black Bear was also reported. Studies in Algonquin Provincial Park showed that three species accounted for 99% of the wolves's diet: Moose (some of which is scavenged), White-tailed Deer, and Beaver (ca. 33% each). The wolves tend to prey more frequently on American Beaver in the summer, and on White-tailed Deer in the winter. (reference needed). Binomial name Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann, 1780 The White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is a medium-sized deer found throughout most of the continental United States, southern Canada, Mexico, Central America and northern portions of South America as far south as Peru. ... Binomial name Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758) Moose range map The moose (so named in North America, derived from Eastern Abenaki moz)[1] or elk (in Europe), Alces alces, is the largest member of the deer family Cervidae, distinguished from the others by the palmate antlers of its males. ... Families Many, see text The order Rodentia is the most numerous of all the branches on the mammal family tree. ... Species C. canadensis C. fiber Beavers are semi-aquatic rodents native to North America and Europe. ... Binomial name Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766) Muskrat range (native range in red, introduced range in green) I Muskrat lodge, middle Patuxent River marsh, Maryland The Muskrat or Musquash (Ondatra zibethicus), the only species in genus Ondatra, is a large aquatic rodent native to North America, and introduced in parts of... Feral mouse A mouse (plural mice) is a rodent that belongs to one of numerous species of small mammals. ... Binomial name Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780 For the Eurasian Black Bear, see Asiatic Black Bear. ... Algonquin Provincial Park is a provincial park located between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River in central Ontario. ... Binomial name Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820 A taxidermied American Beaver The American Beaver (Castor canadensis) is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to Canada, most of the United States and parts of northern Mexico. ... Binomial name Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann, 1780 The White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is a medium-sized deer found throughout most of the continental United States, southern Canada, Mexico, Central America and northern portions of South America as far south as Peru. ...

Other “lycaons”

African Wild Dog

The lycaon (Lycaon pictus) is an unrelated canid. Binomial name Lycaon pictus (Temminck, 1820) African Wild Dog range The African Wild Dog, Lycaon pictus also known as the African Hunting Dog, Cape Hunting Dog, or Painted Hunting Dog, is a mammal of the Canidae family, and thus related to the domestic dog. ...

See also

• Red Wolf
• Eastern Timber Wolf

Binomial name Canis rufus Audubon & Bachman, 1851 The Red Wolf (Canis rufus), is the rarest and most endangered of all wolves[]. It is thought that its original distribution included much of eastern North America, where Red Wolves were found from Pennsylvania in the east, Florida in the south, and Texas... Trinomial name Canis lupus lycaon Schreber, 1775 Eastern Timber wolf range The Eastern Timber Wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) is an endangered subspecies of the Gray Wolf and is native to North America. ...

External links

• The Wolves of Algonquin Park PHVA Final Report, PDF includes the final recommendation on how to proceed with the Eastern Canadian Wolf.
• The Wolves of Algonquin Provincial Park ? A Report by the Algonquin Wolf Advisory Group PDF
• Status of the Eastern Wolf A PDF document outlining genetic research concerning the Eastern Canadian Wolf.
• The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database which lists some of the Eastern Canadian Wolf's Genetic Information.
• Wolves at the Door Documenting the resurgence of wolves in North America.

Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for desktop publishing use. ... Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for desktop publishing use. ... Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for desktop publishing use. ...

References

• Banfield, A.W.F. 1974. The Mammals of Canada. University of Toronto Press.
• Reid, F.A. 2006. Field Guide to the Mammals of North America north of Mexico. Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin. New York.