Edgar Frank "Ted" Codd

Born	August 23, 1923 Portland, Dorset, England
Died	April 18, 2003 Williams Island, Florida
Field	Computer Science
Institutions	IBM
Known for	OLAP Relational Model
Notable prizes	Turing Award

Edgar Frank "Ted" Codd (August 23, 1923 – April 18, 2003) was a British computer scientist who made seminal contributions to the theory of relational databases. While working for IBM, he created the relational model for database management. He made other valuable contributions to computer science, but the relational model, a very influential general theory of data management, remains his most memorable achievement. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Chesil Beach from the hill above Fortuneswell, Portland Harbour is on the right. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ... International Business Machines Corporation (IBM, or colloquially, Big Blue) (NYSE: IBM) (incorporated June 15, 1911, in operation since 1888) is headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company manufactures and sells computer hardware, software, and services. ... On Line Analytical Processing, or OLAP, is an approach to quickly provide answers to analytical queries that are dimensional in nature. ... The relational model for database management is a database model based on predicate logic and set theory. ... The A.M. Turing Award is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to a person selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing community. ... August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ... A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ... International Business Machines Corporation (IBM, or colloquially, Big Blue) (NYSE: IBM) (incorporated June 15, 1911, in operation since 1888) is headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company manufactures and sells computer hardware, software, and services. ... The relational model for database management is a database model based on predicate logic and set theory. ... Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ...

Biography

Edgar Frank Codd was born in Portland, Dorset, in England. After attending Poole Grammar School, he studied mathematics and chemistry at Exeter College, Oxford, before serving as a pilot in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War. In 1948, he moved to New York to work for IBM as a mathematical programmer. In 1953, angered by Senator Joseph McCarthy, Codd moved to Ottawa, Canada. A decade later he returned to the USA and received his doctorate in computer science from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Two years later he moved to San Jose, California to work at IBM's Almaden Research Center. He still one of the most greatest talent in the computer sciences history. Chesil Beach from the hill above Fortuneswell, Portland Harbour is on the right. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... Poole Grammar School (Commonly abbreviated to PGS) is a selective, all boys state-school in Poole, on the south coast of England. ... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... Chemistry - the study of atoms, made of nuclei (conglomeration of center particles) and electrons (outer particles), and the structures they form. ... College name Exeter College Latin name Collegium Exoniense Named after Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter Established 1314 Sister college Emmanuel College, Cambridge Rector Ms Frances Cairncross JCR President Simon Heawood Undergraduates 299 MCR President Meredith Riedel Graduates 150 Location of Exeter College within central Oxford , Homepage Boatclub Exeter College... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... NY redirects here. ... A programmer or software developer is someone who programs computers, that is, one who writes computer software. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin between 1947 and 1957. ... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government  - Mayor Larry OBrien  - City Council Ottawa City Council  - Representatives 8... The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (UM, U of M or U-M) is a coeducational public research university in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... For the railroad company, see Ann Arbor Railroad. ... Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... International Business Machines Corporation (known as IBM or Big Blue; NYSE: IBM) is a multinational computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion, because: A page of links If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on its talk page or at Wikipedia:Speedy deletions. ...

In the 1960s and 1970s he worked out his theories of data arrangement, issuing his paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks" in 1970, after an internal IBM paper one year earlier. To his disappointment, IBM proved slow to exploit his suggestions until commercial rivals started implementing them. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ...

Initially, IBM refused to implement the relational model in order to preserve revenue from IMS/DB. Codd then showed IBM customers the potential of the implementation of its model, and they in turn pressured IBM. Then IBM included in its Future System project a System R subproject — but put in charge of it developers who were not thoroughly familiar with Codd's ideas, and isolated the team from Codd. As a result, they did not use Codd's own Alpha language but created a non-relational one, SEQUEL. Even so, SEQUEL was so superior to pre-relational systems that it was copied, based on pre-launch papers presented at conferences, by Larry Ellison in his Oracle DBMS, which actually reached market before SQL/DS — due to the then-already proprietary status of the original moniker, SEQUEL had been renamed SQL. Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Future Systems Future Sytems created Birminghams new Selfridges store. ... System R is a database system built as a research project at IBM San Jose Research (now IBM Almaden Research Center) in the 1970s. ... The Alpha language was the original database language developed by Edgar F. Codd, the inventor of the relational database approach. ... A sequel is a work of fiction in literature, film, and other creative works that is produced after a completed work, and is set in the same universe but at a later time. ... A sequel is a work of fiction in literature, film, and other creative works that is produced after a completed work, and is set in the same universe but at a later time. ... Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation, a major database software company. ... SQL/DS (Structured Query Language/Data System) was IBMs first commercial implementation for its mainframe computers of a DBMS (Database Management System) built around the SQL language. ... The related Category:SQL statements has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. ...

Codd continued to develop and extend his relational model, sometimes in collaboration with Chris Date. One of the normalized forms, the Boyce-Codd Normal Form, is named after Codd. As the relational model started to become fashionable in the early 1980s, Codd fought a sometimes bitter campaign to prevent the term being misused by database vendors who had merely added a relational veneer to older technology. As part of this campaign, he published his 12 rules to define what constituted a relational database. His campaign extended to the SQL language, which he regarded as an incorrect implementation of the theory. This made his position in IBM increasingly difficult, so he left to form his own consulting company with Chris Date and others. Christopher J. Date is an independent author, lecturer, researcher, and consultant, specializing in relational database technology. ... Database normalization is a table design technique and industry best practice. ... Database normalization is a series of steps followed to obtain a database design that allows for consistent storage and efficient access of data in a relational database. ... The 1980s refers to the years of and between 1980 and 1989. ... Codds 12 rules are a set of thirteen rules proposed by Edgar F. Codd, a pioneer of the relational model for databases, designed to define what is required from a database management system in order for it to be considered relational, i. ... The related Category:SQL statements has been nominated for deletion, merging, or renaming. ... International Business Machines Corporation (known as IBM or Big Blue; NYSE: IBM) is a multinational computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. ...

Edgar Codd coined the term OLAP and wrote the twelve laws of online analytical processing, although these were never truly accepted after it came out that his white paper on the subject was paid for by a software vendor; he also extended the ideas in the relational model to cover database design issue in his RM/T. Codd also contributed knowledge in the area of cellular automata. On Line Analytical Processing, or OLAP, is an approach to quickly provide answers to analytical queries that are dimensional in nature. ... Relational Model/Tasmania (RM/T) was published by E.F. Codd in 1979 and is the name given to a number of extensions to his original relational model (RM) published in 1970. ... A cellular automaton (plural: cellular automata) is a discrete model studied in computability theory and mathematics. ...

Codd received a Turing Award in 1981 and in 1994 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery^[1] . The A.M. Turing Award is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to a person selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing community. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... The Association for Computing Machinery, or ACM, was founded in 1947 as the worlds first scientific and educational computing society. ...

Edgar F. Codd died of heart failure at his home in Williams Island, Florida at the age of 79 on Friday, April 18, 2003. [1] April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In 2004, SIGMOD renamed its highest prize, SIGMOD Innovations Award, in his honour. SIGMOD is the Association for Computing Machinerys Special Interest Group on Management of Data, which specializes in large-scale data management problems and databases. ...

See also

• Codd's 12 rules
• Codd's cellular automaton
• Database normalization
• Relational Model/Tasmania (RM/T)

Codds 12 rules are a set of thirteen rules proposed by Edgar F. Codd, a pioneer of the relational model for databases, designed to define what is required from a database management system in order for it to be considered relational, i. ... Codds Cellular Automaton is a cellular automaton devised by the British computer scientist Edgar F. Codd in 1968. ... Database normalization is a table design technique and industry best practice. ... Relational Model/Tasmania (RM/T) was published by E.F. Codd in 1979 and is the name given to a number of extensions to his original relational model (RM) published in 1970. ...

References

• Codd, E.F. (1970). "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks". Communications of the ACM 13 (6): 377–387. 
• Codd, E.F. (1990). The Relational Model for Database Management, Version 2, Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 0-201-14192-2. 
• National Academy of Sciences (1999). "Chapt. 6: The Rise of Relational Databases", Funding a Revolution: Government Support for Computing Research. Washington DC, USA: National Academy Press. 
• Date, C.J. (2000). The Database Relational Model: A Retrospective Review and Analysis: A Historical Account and Assessment of E. F. Codd's Contribution to the Field of Database Technology. Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 0-201-61294-1. 

Communications of the ACM (CACM) is the flagship monthly magazine of the Association for Computing Machinery. ... Christopher J. Date is an independent author, lecturer, researcher, and consultant, specializing in relational database technology. ...

Notes

1. ^ ACM Fellows