A vegetable oil or vegoil is an oil extracted from oilseeds or another plant source. Some vegetable oils, such as rapeseed, cottonseed or castor oil, are not fit for human consumption without further processing. Oil is a generic term for organic liquids that are not miscible with water. ... Binomial name Brassica napus L. Rapeseed Brassica napus, also known as Rape, Oilseed Rape, Rapa, Rapaseed and (one particular cultivar) Canola, is a bright yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae. ...

Like all fats, vegetable oils are esters of glycerin and a varying blend of fatty acids, and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. In biochemistry, fat is a generic term for a class of lipids. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Glycerin, also known as glycerine and glycerol, and less commonly as 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet tasting viscous liquid. ... In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid (or organic acid), often with a long aliphatic tail (long chains), either saturated or unsaturated. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ...

Sources

Common sources of vegetable oil include:

Oilseeds:

• cashew
• castor bean - castor oil
• flax seed - linseed oil
• grape seed - grape seed oil
• hemp (cannabis)
• mustard
• poppy seeds - poppyseed oil
• rapeseed
  • canola (cultivar of rapeseed)
• safflower - safflower oil
• sesame seed - sesame oil
• sunflower

Other vegetable oils: Binomial name Anacardium occidentale L. The Cashew Anacardium occidentale is a tree in the flowering plant family, Anacardiaceae. ... Binomial name Ricinus communis The castor bean (Ricinus communis) is not a true bean, but a member of the Euphorbiaceae or spurge family. ... Castor oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the castor bean (or preferably castor seed as the castor plant (Ricinus communis L.) is not a member of the bean family). ... Binomial name Linum usitatissimum L. Linnaeus, 17?? Common flax (also known as linseed) is a member of the Linaceae family, which includes about 150 plant species widely distributed around the world. ... Linseed oil is a yellowish drying oil derived from the dried ripe seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum, Linaceae). ... Species Vitis acerifolia Vitis aestivalis Vitis amurensis Vitis arizonica Vitis x bourquina Vitis californica Vitis x champinii Vitis cinerea Vitis x doaniana Vitis girdiana Vitis labrusca Vitis x labruscana Vitis monticola Vitis mustangensis Vitis x novae-angliae Vitis palmata Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifolia Vitis rupestris Vitis shuttleworthii Vitis tiliifolia Vitis... Grape seed oil is a vegetable oil pressed from the seeds of Vitis vinifera grapes, an abundant byproduct of wine making. ... Hemp is the common English name for the annual herb cannabis, (marijuana), which can be and is grown for numerous non-drug purposes, including fiber (e. ... Wild Mustard (Brassica campestris) The mustards are several species in the genus Brassica whose proverbially tiny mustard seeds are used as a spice and, by grinding and mixing them with water, vinegar or other liquids, are turned into a condiment also known as mustard. ... Papaver rhoeas Poppy at High Wood cemetery, France. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Binomial name Brassica napus L. Rapeseed Brassica napus, also known as Rape, Oilseed Rape, Rapa, Rapaseed and (one particular cultivar) Canola, is a bright yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae. ... For the figure in Celtic mythology see agriculture, canola are certain varieties of plants from which we get rapeseed oil, or the oil produced from those varieties. ... A cultivar is a cultivated variety of a plant species. ... Binomial name Carthamus tinctorius L. Safflower is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual, usually with many long sharp spines on the leaves. ... Safflower oil is an oil extracted form the safflower seed. ... Binomial name Sesamum indicum Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a crop grown primarily for its oil-rich seeds. ... Binomial name Sesamum indicum Sesame (Sesamum indicum)is a crop grown primarily for its seeds. ... Binomial name Helianthus annuus The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a large (to 3 m) annual plant in the Family Asteraceae with a flower head (inflorescence) that is as much as 30 cm (1 ft) across and notable for turning to face towards the sun. ...

• almond
• apricot
• avocado
• corn (maize)
• cotton seed - cottonseed oil
• coconut - coconut oil
• hazelnut
• neem oil
• olive - olive oil
• palm - palm oil - from the fruit of the African palm tree -
• palm kernel oil - from the seed of the African palm tree
• peanut - peanut oil
• pumpkin seed
• rice bran - used also in paints[1] (http://www.hbti.edu/department_of_oil_and_paint.htm)
• soybean - soybean oil is sometimes marketed simply as "vegetable oil" in American grocery stores
• walnut

According to the USDA, the total world consumption of major vegetable oils in 2000 was: This article refers to the plant. ... Binomial name Prunus armeniaca The scientific name for the apricot is Prunus armeniaca L., which puts it in the same subgenus as the plum (Prunophora). ... Binomial name Persea americana Mill. ... Species Zea diploperennis Zea luxurians Zea nicaraguensis Zea perennis References ITIS 42268 2002-09-22 Sorting Zea names This article is about the staple food. ... Cotton is a soft fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World. ... Cottonseed oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the cotton plant after the cotton lint has been removed. ... Binomial name Cocos nucifera L. Also a song by Harry Nilsson The Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera), is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family). ... Coconut oil is a fat consisting of over 90% saturated fat extracted from coconuts and used in cosmetics and in baking as a cooking oil. ... Binomial name Corylus avellana L. The Common Hazel (Corylus avellana) is a shrub native to Europe and Asia. ... Neem oil is a vegetable oil pressed from the seeds of Azadirachta indica, an evergreen tree which is endemic to the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent and has been introduced to many other areas in the tropics. ... For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ... In agriculture, olive oil is an oil extracted from the fruit of the European olive tree , which originated in the Mediterranean area. ... Genera Many; see list of Arecaceae genera Arecaceae (also known as Palmae or Palmaceae), the palm family, is a family of flowering plants, belonging to the monocot order Arecales. ... Palm oil is a form of edible vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of the Oil palm tree. ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Spain. ... Palm oil is a form of edible vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of the Oil palm tree. ... A SeeD is a term given to mercenaries trained and employed by Balamb Garden in the Final Fantasy VIII video game. ... Binomial name Arachis hypogaea L. The Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the pea family Fabaceae native to South America. ... Peanut oil is often used in cooking, because it has a mild flavour and burns only at a relatively high temperature. ... Pumpkins A pumpkin is a gourd (Cucurbitaceae), most commonly orange in colour when ripe, that grows from a trailing vine. ... Rice bran is the layer underneath the rice hull rich in oils. ... Binomial name Glycine max Soybeans (US) or soya beans (UK) (Glycine max) are a high-protein legume (Family Fabaceae) grown as food for both humans and livestock. ... This article is about the walnut tree. ... The U.S. Department of Agriculture, also called the Agriculture Department, or USDA, is a Cabinet department of the United States Federal Government. ... 2000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Note that these figures include industrial and animal feed use. The vegetable oil most widely used in human nutrition is sunflower seed oil. Palm oil, which is solid at room temperature, is used mainly to produce soaps and cosmetics. The majority of European rapeseed oil production is used to produce biodiesel, or used directly as fuel in diesel cars which are modified to handle the higher viscosity. A tonne (also called metric ton) is a non-SI unit of mass, accepted for use with SI, defined as: 1 tonne = 103 kg (= 106 g). ... Bus running on soybean biodiesel. ...

Extraction

• One can use the "modern" way of processing oil by chemical extraction, using solvent extracts, which produces higher yields and is quicker and less expensive. The most common solvent is petroleum-derived hexane, more commonly known as petroleum ether.

• Another way is the "physical extraction", that does not use solvent extracts. It is made the "old" way by several different types of mechanical extraction. This method is frequently used to produce cooking oil, since it is preferred by most customers (at least in Europe). Expeller-pressed extraction is one type. There are two other types that are both oil presses. The screw press and the ram press.

Hexane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4CH3. ... World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... A continuous feed method where oil is squeezed from the raw material in one step under high pressure. ... A tool used in the creation of flatware. ...

See also

• biodiesel
• Straight vegetable oil (SVO)
• cooking oil
• decorticator
• expeller
• extruder
• lipid
• mill

Bus running on soybean biodiesel. ... Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO) is a fuel for diesel engines that can be either pure new vegetable oil or WVO (cleaned waste vegetable oil). ... Cooking oil is purified fat of plant or animal origin, which is liquid at room temperature. ... A continuous feed method where oil is squeezed from the raw material in one step under high pressure. ... Extrusion is a manufacturing process where a billet of material is pushed and/or drawn though a die to create a shaped rod, rail or pipe. ... Figure 1: Basic lipid structure. ... A factory (previously manufactory) is a large industrial building where goods or products are manufactured. ...

External links

• Oil yields and characteristics (http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_yield.html).