Eduardo Hughes Galeano

Eduardo Hughes Galeano
Pseudonym:	Eduardo Galeano
Born:	September 3, 1940 (1940-09-03) (age 67) Montevideo,  Uruguay
Occupation:	Journalist
Nationality:	Uruguayan
Writing period:	XX century
Debut works:	Los días siguientes

Eduardo Hughes Galeano (born September 3, 1940) is an Uruguayan journalist whose books have been translated into many languages. His works transcend orthodox genres, combining documentary, fiction, journalism, political analysis, and history. The author himself has denied that he is a historian: "I'm a writer obsessed with remembering, with remembering the past of America above all and above all that of Latin America, intimate land condemned to amnesia." Image File history File links Eduardogaleano. ... A pseudonym (Greek: , pseudo + -onym: false name) is an artificial, fictitious name, also known as an alias, used by an individual as an alternative to a persons legal name. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Department Montevideo Department Altitude 43 m Coordinates 34º 53S 56º 10W Founded 1726 Founder Bruno Mauricio de Zabala Population 1,325,968 (2004) (1st) Demonym Montevideano Phone Code +02 Postal Code 10000 Montevideo (IPA: ) is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Uruguay. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uruguay. ... For the album by the Kaiser Chiefs see Employment (album) Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. ... For other uses, see Journalist (disambiguation). ... In English usage, nationality is the legal relationship between a person and a country. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Journalism is a discipline of gathering, writing and reporting news, and more broadly it includes the process of editing and presenting the news articles. ... Look up translate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to document reality. ... For other uses, see Fiction (disambiguation). ... Journalism is a discipline of gathering, writing and reporting news, and more broadly it includes the process of editing and presenting the news articles. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. ... HIStory - Past, Present and Future, Book I is a double-disc album (one half greatest hits, one half studio album) by American musician Michael Jackson released in June of 1995 by the Epic Records division of Sony BMG. The first disc, (HIStory Begins) contains fifteen hit singles from the past... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... For other uses, see Amnesia (disambiguation). ...

Life

Galeano was born in Montevideo to a middle class Catholic family of European descent. Department Montevideo Department Altitude 43 m Coordinates 34º 53S 56º 10W Founded 1726 Founder Bruno Mauricio de Zabala Population 1,325,968 (2004) (1st) Demonym Montevideano Phone Code +02 Postal Code 10000 Montevideo (IPA: ) is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Uruguay. ... The middle class (or middle classes) comprises a social group once defined by exception as an intermediate social class between the nobility and the peasantry. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

As many Latin American young boys, Galeano dreamed of becoming a football (soccer) player; this was reflected in some of his works such as El fútbol a sol y sombra. In his teens Galeano worked in odd jobs — as a factory worker, a bill collector, a sign painter, a messenger, a typist, and a bank teller. At 14 years old Galeano sold his first political cartoon to the Socialist Party weekly El Sol. Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... This early political cartoon by Ben Franklin was originally written for the French and Indian War, but was later recycled during the Revolutionary War An editorial cartoon, also known as a political cartoon, is an illustration or comic strip containing a political or social message. ... The Socialist Party of Uruguay (Spanish: Partido Socialista del Uruguay) is an Uruguayan political party founded in 1910. ...

He started his career as a journalist in the early 1960s as editor of Marcha, an influential weekly journal which had such contributors as Mario Vargas Llosa, Mario Benedetti, Manuel Maldonado Denis and Roberto Fernández Retamar. For two years he edited the daily Época and worked as editor-in-chief of the University Press. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... Mario Vargas Llosa in his youth. ... Mario Benedetti (born September 14, 1920) is an Uruguayan journalist, novelist, and poet. ... Roberto Fernández Retamar (born June 9, 1930) is a Cuban poet and essayist. ...

In 1973, a military coup took power in Uruguay; Galeano was imprisoned and later was forced to flee. He settled in Argentina where he founded the cultural magazine, Crisis. For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

In 1976, when the Videla regime took power in Argentina in a bloody military coup, his name was added to the lists of those condemned by the death squads, and he fled again; this time to Spain, where he wrote his famous trilogy: Memoria del fuego (Memory of Fire ). Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

At the beginning of 1985 Galeano returned to Montevideo, where he continues to live. This article is about the year. ...

Following the victory of Tabaré Vázquez and the Broad Front alliance in the 2004 Uruguayan elections marking the first left-wing government in Uruguayan history Galeano wrote a piece for The Progressive titled "Where the People Voted Against Fear" in which Galeano showed support for the new government and concluded that the Uruguayan populace used "common sense" and were "tired of being cheated" by the traditional Colorado and Blanco parties. ^[1] Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas (pron IPA: ) (born 17 January 1940) is the current President of Uruguay. ... Flag of the Frente Amplio The Progressive Encounter - Broad Front - New Majority or EPFA (in Spanish: Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio - Nueva Mayoria) is an Uruguayan coalition of political parties and organizations. ... [edit] Presidential election [edit] Parliamentary election [edit] See also Elections in Uruguay Politics of Uruguay Categories: | | | ... The Progressive is an American monthly magazine of politics and culture with a pronounced left-of-center perspective. ... The Colorado Party (Spanish: Partido Colorado) is a political party in Uruguay. ... The National Party (Partido Nacional), also known as the White Party (Partido Blanco), is a major center-right political party in Uruguay, currently the major opposition party to the ruling Frente Amplio government. ...

Following the creation of TeleSUR, a pan-Latin American television station based in Caracas, Venezuela, in 2005 Galeano along with other left-wing intellectuals such as Tariq Ali and Adolfo Pérez Esquivel joined the network's 36 member advisory committee. ^[2] For the unrelated telecommunications company in Suriname, see Telesur (Suriname). ... Cerro Avila, Caracas. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Adolfo Pérez Esquivel at World Social Forum 2003 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel (born November 26, 1931 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was the recipient of the 1980 Nobel Peace Prize. ...

Recently, on January 26, 2006, Galeano joined other internationally renowned figures and Latin American authors such as Nobel-laureate Gabriel García Márquez, Mario Benedetti, Ernesto Sábato, Thiago de Mello, Carlos Monsiváis, Pablo Armando Fernández, Jorge Enrique Adoum, Luis Rafael Sánchez, Mayra Montero, Ana Lydia Vega and world famous singer/composer Pablo Milanés, in demanding sovereignty for Puerto Rico and adding their name and signature to the Latin American and Caribbean Congress' Proclamation for the Independence of Puerto Rico, which approved a resolution favoring the island-nation's right to assert its independence, as ratified unanimously by political parties hailing from twenty two Latin American countries in November of 2006. Galeano's demand for the recognition of Puerto Rico's independence was obtained at the behest of the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP). This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Mario Benedetti (born September 14, 1920) is an Uruguayan journalist, novelist, and poet. ... Ernesto Sabato (born 1911 ) is an Argentine writer (of Italian and ethnic Arbëresh/Albanian descent). ... Carlos Monsiváis (born May 4, 1938, in Mexico City) is a Mexican writer and journalist on the El Universal newspaper. ... Pablo Armando Fernández (Central Delicias, Oriente, 1930) is a Cuban writer. ... Jorge Enrique Adoum (1926 in Ambato, Ecuador - ) is an Ecuadorian writer of Lebanese ancestry. ... Dr. Luis Rafael Sánchez a. ... Mayra Montero (1952-)is a well-known cuban-puertorrican writer. ... Ana Lydia Vega, born in Santurce, Puerto Rico in 1946, is one of Puerto Ricos most celebrated contemporary authors. ... Pablo Milanés Arias (born in Bayamo, Cuba on February 24, 1943) is a Cuban singer-songwriter and guitar player. ... The Puerto Rican Independence Party (Spanish: Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño, PIP) is a Puerto Rican political party that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States. ...

On February 10, 2007, Galeano underwent a successful operation to treat lung cancer.[1]

Works

Las venas abiertas de América Latina (The Open Veins of Latin America) is arguably Galeano's best-known work. In this book, he analyzes the history of Latin America as a whole from the time period of the European discovery of the New World to contemporary Latin America arguing against what he views as European and later U.S. economic exploitation and political dominance over the region. It was the first of his many books to be translated by Cedric Belfrage into English. It is a classic among the left of Latin America. Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent (in Spanish Las venas abiertas de América Latina) is a book written by Uruguayan writer Eduardo Galeano in 1971. ... Cedric Henning Belfrage (born November 8, 1904 - died June 21, 1990) was a socialist, author, journalist, translator and co-founder of the radical US-weekly newspaper the National Guardian. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

Memoria del fuego (Memory of Fire) is a three-volume narrative of the history of America, North and South. The characters are historical figures; generals, artists, revolutionaries, workers, conquerors and the conquered, who are portrayed in brief episodes which reflect the colonial history of the continent. It starts with pre-Columbian creation myths and ends in the 1980s. It highlights not only the colonial oppression that the continent underwent but particularly the long history of resistance, from individual acts of heroism to mass revolutionary movements. The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ...

Memoria del fuego was widely praised by reviewers. Galeano was compared to John Dos Passos and Gabriel García Márquez. Ronald Wright wrote in the Times Literary Supplement: "Great writers... dissolve old genres and found new ones. This trilogy by one of South America's most daring and accomplished authors is impossible to classify." Literary criticism is the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. ... John Rodrigo Dos Passos (January 14, 1896 — September 28, 1970) was an American novelist and artist. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Times Literary Supplement (or TLS) is a weekly literary review published in London by News International, a subsidiary of News Corporation. ...

In New York Times Book Review Jay Parini praised as perhaps his most daring work The Book of Embraces, a collection of short, often lyrical stories presenting Galeano's views on emotion, art, politics, and values, as well as offering a scathing critique of modern capitalistic society and views on an ideal society and mindset. (The Book of Embraces was the last book Cedric Belfrage translated before he died in 1991.) Jay Parini (born 1948) is an American writer and academic. ... Cedric Henning Belfrage (born November 8, 1904 - died June 21, 1990) was a socialist, author, journalist, translator and co-founder of the radical US-weekly newspaper the National Guardian. ...

Galeano is also an avid football fan; Soccer in Sun and Shadow (1995) is a review of the history of the game. Galeano compares it with a theater performance and with war; he criticizes its unholy alliance with global corporations but attacks leftist intellectuals who reject the game and its attraction to the broad masses for ideological reasons. “Soccer” redirects here. ... “Leftism” redirects here. ... An intellectual is one who tries to use his or her intellect to work, study, reflect, speculate on, or ask and answer questions with regard to a variety of different ideas. ...

Galeano is a regular contributor to The Progressive and the New Internationalist, and has also been published in the Monthly Review and The Nation. The Progressive is an American monthly magazine of politics and culture with a pronounced left-of-center perspective. ... New Internationalist Publications is a co-operative-run publisher based in Oxford. ... Monthly Review is a socialist magazine published in New York City. ... The Nation logo The Nation is a weekly left-liberal periodical devoted to politics and culture. ...

In Popular Culture

• Venezuelan punk band "Los Dolares" released an album in 2003 which is a musical interpretation of Galeano's book "The Open Veins of Latin America".
• Argentinian rock/ska band "Los Fabulosos Cadillacs" released an album entitled "Rey Azúcar", which is the title of one of the chapters in "The Open Veins of Latin America". The album also has a song called "The Open Veins of Latin America".
• Brazilian rock band "Sub-versão" recorded a song named "Veias Abertas" (which stands for "Open Veins" in English) which refers to "The Open Veins of Latin America".

Books

• Los días siguientes (1963)
• China (1964)
• Guatemala (1967 - Guatemala: Occupied Country)
• Reportajes (1967)
• Los fantasmas del día del léon y otros relatos (1967)
• Su majestad el fútbol (1968)
• Las venas abiertas de América Latina (1971) Open Veins of Latin America
• Siete imágenes de Bolivia (1971)
• Violencía y enajenación (1971)
• Crónicas latinoamericanas (1972)
• Vagamundo (1973)
• La cancion de nosotros (1975)
• Conversaciones con Raimón (1977)
• Días y noches de amor y de guerra (1978) Days and Nights of Love and War
• La piedra arde (1980)
• Voces de nuestro tiempo (1981)
• Memoria del fuego (1982-1986) Memory of Fire
• Aventuras de los jóvenes dioses (1984)
• Ventana sobre Sandino (1985)
• Contraseña (1985)
• El descubrimiento de América que todavía no fue y otros escritos (1986)
• El tigre azul y otros artículos (1988)
• Entrevistas y artículos (1962-1987) (1988)
• El libro de los abrazos (1989) The Book of Embraces
• Nosotros decimos no (1989) We Say No
• América Latina para entenderte mejor (1990)
• Palabras: antología personal (1990)
• An Uncertain Grace with Fred Ritchin, photographs by Sebastiao Salgado (1990)
• Ser como ellos y otros artículos (1992)
• Amares (1993)
• Las palabas andantes (1993) Walking Words
• úselo y tírelo (1994)
• El fútbol a sol y sombra (1995) Football (soccer) in Sun and Shadow
• I Am Rich Potosi: The Mountain That Eats Men photographs by Stephen Ferry (1999)
• Upside Down: A Primer for the Looking-Glass World (2000)
• Bocas del Tiempo (2004)
• Voices of Time: A Life in Stories (2006)

See also

• Culture of Uruguay

The culture of Uruguay is rich, reflecting the amalgam between people of European, African and Indigenous origins dating back to the 16th century. ...

References

The Progressive is an American monthly magazine of politics and culture with a pronounced left-of-center perspective. ... The Guardian is a British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Eduardo Galeano

• Eduardo Galeano, "The Devil's Devils," Le Monde diplomatique, no. 617 (August 2005), p. 10 (trans. Mark K. Jensen).
• Sandra Cisneros reads "Los Nadies/The Nobodies" by Eduardo Galeano from Book of Embraces, El libro de los abrazos(1989) "[2]".
• "'Voices of Time': Legendary Uruguayan Writer Eduardo Galeano on Immigration, Latin America, Iraq, Writing – and Soccer" May 19th, 2006 Democracy Now!
• "Reflections from Eduardo Galeano" May 19, 2006 The Leonard Lopate Show
• "Writer Without Borders" -- interview by Scott Widmer on In These Times
• "Author of the Month" Escritores.org
• Eduardo Galeano Articles Third World Traveler