NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Education in Turkey

The Turkish Education System mandates 8 years of primary education between the ages of 6 and 14, and in 2001 the enrollment of children in this age range was nearly 100%. Three or more years of secondary education are available in public, open, and vocational high schools. Below university level, about 95% of students attend public schools, but inadequacies of the public system increasingly motivate middle-class parents to seek private education. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Main article: Secondary education High school is a name used in some parts of the world, and particularly in North America, to describe the last segment of compulsory education. ...

In 2001 some 1,273 institutions of higher learning were in operation. Except for the Open Education Faculty (Turkish: Açıköğretim Fakültesi) at Anadolu University, entrance is regulated by an examination at the national level, ÖSS, which serves the purpose of assigning the high school graduates to the limited university space available, according to their performance on topics related to their prospective department at the university. Annually, about 1.5 million students graduate from Turkish high schools.^{[citation needed]} Anadolu Ãœniveristesi is located in EskiÅŸehir, mid-west Turkey. ... Ã–SS is the University Entrance Exam in Turkey. ...

In 2002, the total expenditure on education in Turkey amounted to $13.4 billion, including the state budget allocated through the National Ministry of Education and private and international funds.^[1]

Kindergarten

When children become six years old, they might attend kindergartens (public or private). Private ones have higher fees. Public ones do not have the necessary capacity to accommodate all children. However, there is a big increase in the number of public kindergartens as a result of restructuring Turkish Education System.^{[citation needed]}. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Elementary school

The elementary school provides 8 years of education for children between the ages of 7 and 15. In primary school, basic information, Turkish language, Mathematics, Sciences, Social Sciences, Art, Music, Physical Education, Handicraft, English language and sometimes another foreign language (generally French or German) are taught. There are two types of elementary schools, public (governmental) and private. Public elementary schools are free and provided by the state, though limited funding limits the opportunities they can provide to the students. When considered from an educational standpoint, there is no big difference in what is learned, but how topics are learned differs. Primary or elementary education is the first years of formal, structured education that occurs during childhood. ... Turkish (, ) is a Turkic language, and thus a member of the proposed Altaic language family. ... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... For the scientific journal named Science, see Science (journal). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Bath, a painting by Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

At the end of 8th grade, students take an exam, OKS, which lasts for 2 hours and is composed of about 100 questions. It tests the students' skills in Turkish, Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences learned through the elementary school. According to their scores, they are placed to different kinds of high schools. OKS is the High School Entrance Examination in Turkey. ...

High school

The high school lasts 4 years, with some high schools having an additional 1 year of English preparatory classes. The different kinds of high schools of the Turkish education system include: Public High Schools, the standard type; Anatolian High Schools which provide additional skills in a selected foreign language (English, German or French) by instructing a certain part of science courses in the foreign language; Science High Schools focusing on science education; Vocational High Schools, which focus on a certain type of profession, like Tourism Vocational High Schools, Industrial Vocational High Schools, and Electrical Vocational High Schools (e.g. the Tourism Vocational High Schools gives education about tourism and hotels in addition to the standard lesson outline); Imam-Hatip High Schools, which serve the purpose of educating imams for performing religious duties at mosques; and finally, Private High Schools, which are established by private enterprises. Almost all private high schools give education in English (some lessons are in English) and teach a second foreign language. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (869x585, 83 KB) Summary Ankara Science High School garden Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (869x585, 83 KB) Summary Ankara Science High School garden Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... AFL logo. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ... Main article: Secondary education High school is a name used in some parts of the world, and particularly in North America, to describe the last segment of compulsory education. ... Science High School in Newark, New Jersey is a public magnet high school opened in 1974. ...

When students complete the 10th grade, they choose tracks leading to certain specializations. There four tracks are: Turkish-Math, Science, Social Sciences and Languages. In Vocational High Schools no tracks are offered, in Science High Schools only the Science tracks is offered. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Robert College of Istanbul (Turkish: Istanbul Amerikan Robert Lisesi), is the most selective[1][2] independent[3] high school in Turkey. ... Turkish (, ) is a Turkic language, and thus a member of the proposed Altaic language family. ... A page from the DÃ®vÃ¢n-Ä± FuzÃ»lÃ®, the collected poems of the 16th-century Ottoman poet FuzÃ»lÃ® Turkish literature (Turkish: TÃ¼rk edebiyatÄ± or TÃ¼rk yazÄ±nÄ±) is the collection of written and oral texts composed in the Turkish language, either in its Ottoman form or... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... Physics (Greek: (phÃºsis), nature and (phusikÃ©), knowledge of nature) is the science concerned with the discovery and characterization of universal laws which govern matter, energy, space, and time. ... It has been suggested that the central science be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Calabi-Yau manifold Geometry (Greek Î³ÎµÏ‰Î¼ÎµÏ„ÏÎ¯Î±; geo = earth, metria = measure) is a part of mathematics concerned with questions of size, shape, and relative position of figures and with properties of space. ... History studies the past in human terms. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ...

There are presumed professions to be acquired by the students after completing a certain track.

At the end of high school, following the 12th grade, students take a High School Finishing Examination and they are required to pass this in order to take the ÖSS and continue their studies at a university. The Politics series Politics Portal This box: International relations (IR), a branch of political science, is the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states within the international system, including the roles of states, inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). ... Lady Justice or Justitia is a personification of the moral force that underlies the legal system (particularly in Western art). ... Psychology (from Greek: ÏˆÏ…Ï‡Î®, psukhÄ“, spirit, soul; and Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, logos, knowledge) is an academic/ applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. ... Management (from Old French ménagement the art of conducting, directing, from Latin manu agere to lead by the hand) characterises the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business, through the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material, intellectual or intangible). ... Engineering is the design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes. ... Computer scaence, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. ... medicines, see medication and pharmacology. ... Part of a scientific laboratory at the University of Cologne. ... History studies the past in human terms. ... Linguistics is the scientific study of language, which can be theoretical or applied. ... Ã–SS is the University Entrance Exam in Turkey. ...

Universities

After the national university entrance examination, ÖSS (Turkish: Öğrenci Seçme Sınavı) organized by ÖSYM, if they succeed, students continue with their studies at a university. This is a list of universities in Turkey. ... Ã–SS is the University Entrance Exam in Turkey. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 533 pixels Full resolution (3072 Ã— 2048 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 533 pixels Full resolution (3072 Ã— 2048 pixel, file size: 2. ... Robert College of Istanbul (Turkish: Istanbul Amerikan Robert Lisesi), is the most selective[1][2] independent[3] high school in Turkey. ... Being located at the European Side of the Bosphorus, Istanbul, Bogazici University is one of the most prominent educational institutions in Turkey. ... Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... ImageMetadata File history File links MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity2003SpringFestival800x560. ... ImageMetadata File history File links MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity2003SpringFestival800x560. ... Middle East Technical University (METU; in Turkish, Orta DoÄŸu Teknik Ãœniversitesi, or ODTÃœ) is a public research university in Ankara, Turkey, founded in 1956. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ... Ã–SS is the University Entrance Exam in Turkey. ... Ã–SYM abbreviates Ã–grenci Secme Yerlestirme Merkezi, which is Student Selection and Placement Center. This foundation prepares Ã–SS and other exams in Turkey. ... Representation of a university class, 1350s. ...

Universities provide either two or four years of education for undergraduate studies whereas for graduate studies, a further two years is necessary, as is typical throughout the world. There are around 820 higher education institutions including universities with a total student enrollment of over 1 million. Major universities are located in Istanbul and Ankara. Tertiary education is the responsibility of the Higher Education Council, and funding is provided by the state for public institutions that make up the bulk of the tertiary education system. There are 93 universities in Turkey, which are classified as either public or foundational (private). Public universities typically charge very low fees and foundationals are highly expensive with fees that can reach $15,000 per annum, and as such, a majority of students in tertiary education attend public institutions. Since 1998, universities have been given greater autonomy and were encouraged to raise funds through partnerships with industry. Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ... This is a list of universities in Turkey. ...

The quality of education at the Turkish universities varies greatly, some providing education and facilities on par with internationally renowned schools (for the technical universities, often compared with the universities in the United States, as there are several Turkish universities regularly visited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, the recognized U.S. accreditor of college and university programs, and their engineering programs deemed substantially equivalent to comparable programs at the U.S. universities), and these reflect as the popularity of a university in the ÖSS examination. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

University studies last between 2 and 4 years for the undergraduate level, and 2 or more years for the graduate level. Some universities also ask for an additional year of English preparatory study to be completed before the start of studies, unless a proficiency examination is passed. In some educational systems, undergraduate education is post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelors degree. ... A graduate school or grad school is a school that awards advanced degrees, with the general requirement that students must have earned an undergraduate (bachelors) degree. ...

Turkish universities actively participate in the Socrates - Erasmus program of the European Commission, aiming to increase student and academician mobility within the European Union, the European Economic Area countries, and the candidate countries of Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey. An increasing number of Turkish university students complete a part of their studies abroad at other participating countries' universities, and Turkish universities receive students of the same status from abroad. The Socrates programme is an educational initiative of the European Commission whose principal aim is to strengthen the European dimension of education at all levels. Some of its building blocks are The Erasmus programme The Leonardo programme The Lingua programme The Minerva programme The Grundtvig programme The Commission has proposed... The ERASMUS programme was established in 1987 and forms a major part of the European Union Lifelong Learning Programme 2007-2013. ... The Commission seat in Brussels The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ... EFTA countries (except Switzerland) EU countries Together these form the EEA. The European Economic Area (EEA) came into being on January 1, 1994 following an agreement between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Union (EU). ...

Turkish Universities in Abroad

Research

The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey coordinates basic and applied research and development. There are 64 research institutes and organisations. R&D strengths include agriculture, forestry, health, biotechnology, nuclear technologies, minerals, materials, IT, and defence. TÃœBÄ°TAK is an acronym for The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÃ¼rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknik AraÅŸtÄ±rma Kurumu). ...

See also

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This is a list of universities in Turkey. ... Ã–SS is the University Entrance Exam in Turkey. ...

References

External links

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Education by country (Portal)

Australia • Austria • Bangladesh • Belgium • Brazil • Canada • China, People's Republic of (Hong Kong, Macau) • Republic of China (Taiwan) • Colombia • Denmark • Egypt • Finland • France • Germany • Greece • India • Iran • Ireland • Israel • Italy • Japan • Mexico • Netherlands • Nicaragua • Norway • Philippines• Poland • Romania • Russia • Singapore • South Korea • Spain • Sri Lanka • Sweden • Turkey • United Kingdom • United States • More... This is a list of Turkey-related articles. ... This is a list of notable Turkish people, both historic and contemporary, either by occupation or achievement. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... Languages Turkish Religions Muslim or nominally Muslim, predominantly Sunni Islam, followed by Alevis. ... The People of Turkey covers the changes to Turkish people during the 20th century. ... Mustafa Kemal AtatÃ¼rk Mustafa Kemal AtatÃ¼rk (1881â€“November 10, 1938), Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and anti-imperialist statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. ... Mustafa Ä°smet Ä°nÃ¶nÃ¼ (September 24, 1884â€“December 25, 1973) was a Turkish soldier, statesman and the second President of Turkey. ... Mustafa BÃ¼lent Ecevit (May 28, 1925â€“November 5, 2006; pronounced ), was a Turkish politician, poet, writer and journalist. ... Turkey is a successor state of the Ottoman Empire, a multi-ethnic empire consolidated by gradual conquest during medieval and early modern times (1300-1700). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, TevÃ¢if-i mÃ¼lÃ»k (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ... Motto Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299â€“1326) Bursa (1326â€“65) Edirne (1365â€“1453) Constantinople (Ä°stanbul, 1453â€“1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish (official); spoken languages include Abkhazian, Adyghe, Albanian, Arabic, Aramaic, Armenian, Azerbaijani... In the late 13th century the Seljuq empire had collapsed and Anatolia was divided into many small states. ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Battle of Vienna of 1683 was the real point at which the Empire began its decline. ... Graphical timeline Decline of the Ottoman Empire covers the military and political events between 1828 to 1908. ... This article describes the process of dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, in particular its final years in the early part of the 20th century. ... History of Turkey redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... AtatÃ¼rk, modern Turkeys founder and first President The history of modern Turkey begins with the foundation of the republic on October 29, 1923 (the Republic was declared on January 20, 1921), with Mustafa Kemal (AtatÃ¼rk) as its first president. ... This page summarizes the history after the Multi-party period. ... The Military history of Turkey is a listing of ancient or previous history of military actions or information. ... // Over the centuries, Turkey has had many constitutions and can be caracterized by the steady establishment of a nation-state, democratization and internationalisation. ... At the time of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire (see Economy of the Ottoman Empire) during World War I, the Turkish economy was underdeveloped: agriculture depended on outmoded techniques and poor-quality livestock, and the few factories producing basic products such as sugar and flour were under foreign control. ... A graphical timeline is available here: History of the Republic of Turkey // The wearing of the turban and the fez, a traditional Ottoman hat, is outlawed. ... Turkey is a secular, republican parliamentary democracy. ... Presidential flag of Turkey. ... This is a chronological list of every government formed by the Prime Ministers of the Republic of Turkey. ... The Grand National Assembly (TÃ¼rkiye BÃ¼yÃ¼k Millet Meclisi in Turkish) is the unicameral parliament of Turkey which carries out legislative functions. ... Political parties in Turkey lists political parties in Turkey. ... Elections in Turkey gives information on election and election results in Turkey. ... Because of geopolitical reasons, foreign relations of the Republic of Turkey are primarily with the Western world and its neighboring countries. ... // Since the establishment of the republic in 1923, there has been a strong tradition of secularism in Turkey. ... // Overview Part Four, Section Two of the Turkish Constitution has established the Constitutional Court of Turkey that statutes on the conformity of laws and decrees to the Constitution, and it can be seized by the President of the Republic, the government, the members of Parliament or any judge before whom... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... â€” Other Turkish Topics Culture - Education Geography - History - Politics Turkey Portal Tourism in Turkey is focused largely on a variety of archaeological and historical sites, and on seaside resorts along its Aegean and Mediterranean coasts. ... Anatolia and Europe Anatolia (Turkish: from Greek: Î‘Î½Î±Ï„Î¿Î»Î¯Î± - Anatolia) is a peninsula of Western Asia which forms the greater part of the Asian portion of Turkey, as opposed to the European portion (Thrace, or traditionally Rumelia). ... Below each region you will find associated Cities with the region. ... Provinces of Turkey are called iller in Turkish (singular is il, see Turkish alphabet for capitalization of i). ... The provinces of Turkey are divided into 923 districts (ilÃ§eler; sing. ... This is a list of cities in Turkey by population (according to the 2000 census). ... Combination of nature and history in Kekova bay near Antalya View of KuÅŸadasÄ± from bird island. ... Other Turkish Topics Culture - Education Geography - History - Politics Turkey Portal This is a list of companies from Turkey. ... // BayÄ±ndÄ±rbank A.Åž. Albaraka Turk Arap TÃ¼rk BankasÄ± A.Åž. BankEuropa BankasÄ± A.Åž. Kuveyt TÃ¼rk BankasÄ± A.Åž. Citibank A.Åž. Deutsche Bank A.Åž. Fortis Bank A.Åž. HSBC Bank A.Åž. ABN AMRO Bank N.V. Banca di Roma S.P.A. Bank Mellat Habib Bank Limited J P Morgan Chase... On 31 December 1995 the customs union between Turkey and the European Union came into effect. ... Other Turkish Topics Culture - Education Geography - History - Politics Turkey Portal The Southeastern Anatolia Project (Turkish: GÃ¼neydoÄŸu Anadolu Projesi, GAP) is a multi-sector integrated regional development project based on the concept of sustainable development for the 9 million people [1] living in a region. ... TRY banknotes and coins The Turkish new lira is the current currency of Turkey and of the de facto state Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. ... As of 2005, the population of Turkey stood at 72. ... Turkish (, ) is a Turkic language, and thus a member of the proposed Altaic language family. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey be merged into this article or section. ... Traditional Turkish coffee The culture of Turkey is a diverse one, derived from various elements of the Ottoman Empire, European, and the Islamic traditions. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Turkish art is a term referring to the visual arts and plastic arts (often including architecture, woodwork, textiles and ceramics) originating from the geographical area of what is present day Turkey. ... Turkish cuisine inherited its Ottoman heritage which could be described as a fusion and refinement of Turkic, Arabic, Greek and Persian cuisines. ... Turkish dances include Halay, Zeybek, Horon, and Karsilama. ... More than 100 festivals are held in Turkey every year. ... Ahi Evren Ahriyan Al Basti Alaturbi Ancomah Bardi Cazi GermakoÃ§i Karakoncolos Karakura Kolot Tavara // Breaking vine In Trabzon region folklore (Ã‡arÅŸÄ±baÅŸi town) For testing whether the new bride is propitious, when she comes to the house, she is asked to break a vine from three points and... The official holidays in Turkey are established by the Act 2429 of March 19, 1981 that replaced the Act 2739 of May 27, 1935. ... A page from the DÃ®vÃ¢n-Ä± FuzÃ»lÃ®, the collected poems of the 16th-century Ottoman poet FuzÃ»lÃ® Turkish literature (Turkish: TÃ¼rk edebiyatÄ± or TÃ¼rk yazÄ±nÄ±) is the collection of written and oral texts composed in the Turkish language, either in its Ottoman form or... History (Timeline and Samples) Genres: Alternative - Classical - Dance - Folk - Hip hop - Jazz - Military - Ottoman - Opera - Pop - Religious - Rock Music awards Kral Music & Video Awards - MÃœ-YAP Industry Awards - MGD Celebrity Awards Charts MTV TÃ¼rkiye - Billboard Charts Annual festivals Istanbul International Music Festival - Istanbul International Jazz Festival - Izmir European Jazz... Turkish theatre can be observed under two main titles: Traditional Turkish theatre and Westernized Turkish theatre. ... This is a list of radio stations in Turkey. ... The Republic of Turkey is one of the states that do not have an official coat of arms. ... The flag of Turkey consists of a white crescent moon and a star on a red background. ... The Ä°stiklÃ¢l MarÅŸÄ± (i. ... Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_bookcase. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_bookcase. ... Educational oversight Minister of Education Ministry of Education Tu Cheng-sheng National education budget NT$ 608. ... This is a list of articles on education organized by country: Education in Afghanistan Education in Albania Education in Algeria Education in Argentina Education in Armenia Education in Australia Education in Austria Education in Bangladesh Higher Education in Bangladesh Education in Belgium Education in Bolivia Education in Brazil Education in...

This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain. Hi Andy And Steve The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress ( USA), freely available for use by researchers. ... The U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1789 by a constitutional convention, sets down the basic framework of American government in its seven articles. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

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