Edward Mallory Almond
December 12, 1892 - June 11, 1979 (aged 86)
MajGen Edward Almond, commanding the 92nd Infantry Division.
Place of birth	Luray, Virginia
Allegiance	U.S. Army
Years of service	1916-1953
Rank	Lieutenant General
Commands	92nd Infantry Division X Corps Army War College
Battles/wars	World War I World War II Korean War
Awards	Distinguished Service Cross Distinguished Service Medal Silver Star Purple Heart

Edward Mallory Almond (December 12, 1892 – June 11, 1979) was an American military officer best known as the commander of the United States Army X Corps during the Korean War. is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Gen. ... Shoulder sleeve insignia for the 92d Infantry Buffalo Soldier Division The 92d Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. Nicknamed the Buffalo Soldier Division, this segregated unit was the only African American infantry division to see combat in Europe... The United States Army is the largest and oldest branch of the armed forces of the United States. ... The 92nd Infantry Division (colored) was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. Nicknamed the Buffalo Soldiers Division, this segregated unit was the only African American infantry division to see combat in Europe during WWII, as part of the 5th Army. ... The X-Corps was a fiction team created by Marvel comics. ... The United States Army War College is a U. S. Army school located in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, specifically in the historic Carlisle Barracks. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders... The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is the second highest military decoration of the United States Army, awarded for extreme gallantry and risk of life in actual combat with an armed enemy force. ... This article concerns the United States Army Distinguished Service Medal. ... The Silver Star is the fourth highest military decoration that can be awarded to a member of any branch of the United States Armed Forces. ... For other uses, see Purple Heart (disambiguation). ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... The United States Army is the largest and oldest branch of the armed forces of the United States. ... X Corps was a unit of the United States Army that took part in the invasion of Leyte under Sixth Army during 1944. ... Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders...

Born in Luray, Virginia, Almond graduated from the Virginia Military Institute in 1915 and became an infantry officer in 1916, serving in France during the final months of World War I. Luray is a town located in Page County, Virginia. ... The Virginia Military Institute (VMI), located in Lexington, Virginia, is the oldest state military college in the United States. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

Almond was highly regarded by George Marshall, also a VMI graduate, who was Army Chief of Staff during World War II. During the war, Almond was promoted to Major General and commanded the 92nd Infantry Division of African-American soldiers from its formation in October 1942 to August 1945. He led the division in combat in the Italian campaign of 1944-1945. Almond performed poorly and his career suffered as a result. He was severely criticized by some officers for racist attitudes against black soldiers; he maintained his racist anti-integration stance on the armed forces until his death. For other persons named George Marshall, see George Marshall (disambiguation). ... The Flag of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army The Chief of Staff of the United States Army (CSA) is the professional head of the United States Army who is responsible for ensuring readiness of the Army. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The 92nd Infantry Division (colored) was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. Nicknamed the Buffalo Soldiers Division, this segregated unit was the only African American infantry division to see combat in Europe during WWII, as part of the 5th Army. ... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ...

In 1946, Almond was transferred to Tokyo and became Deputy Chief of Staff of the Far Eastern Command under Douglas MacArthur. For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ... USAFFE (United States Army Forces - Far East) included the Philippine Department, Philippine Army (2 regular and 10 reserve divisions), and the Far East Air Force (formerly, Philippine Army Air Corps). ... This article is about the American general; for the municipality in the Philippines, see General MacArthur, Eastern Samar. ...

In 1950, MacArthur placed Almond in charge of the X Corps, the main landing force in the invasions of Inchon and Wonsan. During this time, Almond had many conflicts with Major General Oliver Prince Smith, commander of the 1st Marine Division, (who was senior to him by date of rank) which was part of X Corps from October until December. Almond was reportedly insolent and disrespectful to General Walker, the Commanding General of the U.S. Eighth Army, who was also senior to him in rank. Almond has been criticized by historians for the wide dispersal of his units during the X Corps invasion of the north-eastern part of North Korea, in November-December,1950. It is believed this dispersal contributed to the defeat of X Corps by the Chinese, including the destruction of Task Force Faith, and the narrow escape of the Marines at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. Incheon Metropolitan City is a metropolitan city and major seaport on the west coast of South Korea, near Seoul. ... Wonsan is a port city and naval base in southeastern North Korea. ... Oliver Prince Smith (October 26, 1893- December 25, 1977) was a General in the United States Marine Corps and a highly decorated combat veteran of World War II and the Korean War. ... The 1st Marine Division is the oldest, largest (active duty), and most decorated division in the United States Marine Corps representing a combat-ready force of more than 19,000 men and women. ... The Eighth US Army—often abbreviated EUSA—(the acronym EUSA was deemed unauthorized by LTG Charles Campbell in 2002) is the commanding formation of all US Army troops in South Korea. ... Task Force Faith, also sometimes referred to as Task Force Maclean (and by its official designation, RCT 31) was a U.S. Army unit destroyed in fighting at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir during the Korean War between November 27 and December 2, 1950. ... Combatants United Nations Great Britain United States Peoples Republic of China Commanders Oliver Smith Song Shi-Lun Strength 30,000 60,000 Casualties 2,500 dead, 192 missing, 5,000 wounded, 7,500 frostbite casualties 25,000 killed, 12,500 wounded, 30,000 frostbite casualties The Battle of Chosin...

Despite his controversial reputation, Almond was retained as X Corps commander by Lieutenant General Matthew Ridgway when he took command of Eighth Army in December. He was regarded by Ridgway as his only aggressive corps commander and took part in the defeat of the Chinese offensives during February and March 1951, as well as the Eighth Army's counter-offensive, Operation Killer. He was promoted to Lieutenant General during this time. Matthew Bunker Ridgway (March 3, 1895–July 26, 1993) was a United States Army general. ... A number of nations have an Eighth Army: 8th Route Army British Eighth Army US Eighth Army This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

In July 1951, Almond became head of the Army War College. He retired in 1953 and worked in insurance until his death in 1979. The United States Army War College is a U. S. Army school located in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, specifically in the historic Carlisle Barracks. ... Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ...

Almond's decorations include the Distinguished Service Cross with oak leaf cluster, the Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Silver Star with oak leaf cluster and the Purple Heart.

He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

External links

• Arlington National Cemetery listing