Edward "Allegheny" Johnson

Edward Johnson (April 16, 1816 – March 2, 1873), also known as Allegheny Johnson (sometimes spelled Alleghany), was a U.S. Army officer and a Confederate general in the American Civil War. Image File history File links Edward_Johnson. ... Image File history File links Edward_Johnson. ... April 16 is the 106th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (107th in leap years). ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calaber). ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... For other meanings of confederate and confederacy, see confederacy (disambiguation) National Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God our Vindicator) Official language English de facto nationwide Various European and Native American languages regionally Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Largest... General is a high military rank, used by nearly every country in the world. ... The American Civil War (1861–1865) was fought in North America between the United States of America, called the Union and the Confederate States of America, a coalition of eleven southern states that declared their independence and claimed the right of secession from the Union. ...

Johnson was born on the "Salisbury" estate in Chesterfield County, Virginia, but his family soon move to Kentucky. He attended the U.S. Military Academy and graduated (after five years of study) in 1830. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 6th U.S. Infantry and was promoted to first lieutenant in less than a year. He served in the Seminole Wars in Florida and then in the West. In the Mexican War, Johnson distinguished himself for action at Veracruz, Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, Molino del Rey, and Chapultepec. He received two brevet promotions, to captain and major, during the war and was awarded a ceremonial sword by the state of Virginia for his bravery. Johnson returned to duty on the Western frontier, serving in the Dakota Territory, California, Kansas, and on the Mormon Expedition. Location in the state of Virginia Formed May 25, 1749 Seat Chesterfield Area  - Total  - Water 1,132 km² (437 mi²) 29 km² (11 mi²) 2. ... Official language(s) English Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 37th 104,749 km² 225 km 610 km 1. ... Alternate meanings: West Point (disambiguation). ... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned rank in many armed forces. ... First Lieutenant is a military rank. ... Osceola, Seminole leader, detail from an 1838 lithograph The Seminole Wars, also known as the Florida Wars, were three wars or conflicts in Florida between the Seminole Native American tribe and the United States. ... The Mexican-American War was a war fought between the United States and Mexico between 1846 and 1848. ... Battle of Veracruz Conflict Mexican-American War Date March 9-29, 1847 Place Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico Result U.S. victory The Battle of Veracruz was a 20-day siege of the key Mexican seaport of Veracruz, Veracruz, during the Mexican-American War. ... The Battle of Cerro Gordo was a battle of the Mexican-American War. ... Battle of Churubusco Conflict Mexican-American War Date August 20, 1847 Place Mexico City, D.F. Result U.S. victory The Battles of Churubusco took place on August 20, 1847, in the immediate aftermath of the Battle of Contreras (Padierna) during the Mexican-American War. ... The Battle of Molino del Rey turned out to be one of the bloodiest fights of the Mexican-American War. ... Combatants United States Mexico Commanders Winfield Scott Nicolás Bravo Strength 7,200 16,000 Casualties 130 killed 703 wounded 29 missing 862 total 1,800 killed and wounded 823 captured 2,623 Total {{{notes}}} The Battle of Chapultepec took place in September 1847 during the Mexican-American War, at... In the US military, brevet referred to a warrant authorizing a commissioned officer to hold a higher rank temporarily, but usually without receiving the pay of that higher rank. ... Captain is both a nautical term and a rank in various uniformed organizations. ... Major is a military rank denoting an officer of mid-level command status. ... Dakota Territory was the name of the northernmost part of the Louisiana Purchase of the United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 3rd 410,000 km² 402. ... Official language(s) None Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 15th 82,277 mi²; 213,096 km² 211 mi; 340 km 400 mi; 645 km 0. ...

After the outbreak of the Civil War, Johnson resigned his [U.S. Army] commission and received the rank of colonel in the 12th Georgia Infantry on July 2, 1861. The 12th Georgia fought in Robert E. Lee's first campaign in western Virginia, at the Rich Mountain, Cheat Mountain, and Greenbrier River. He achieved the rank of brigadier general on December 13, 1861, and received his nickname while commanding six infantry regiments in a battle on Allegheny Mountain. (This brigade-sized force was given the grandiose name "Army of the Northwest".) Colonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Robert E. Lee, 1863 Portrait by Julian Vannerson Robert Edward Lee (January 19, 1807 – October 12, 1870) was a career army officer and the most successful general of the Confederate forces during the American Civil War. ... Battle of Rich Mountain Conflict American Civil War Date July 11, 1861 Place Randolph County, West Virginia Result Union victory The Battle of Rich Mountain took place on July 11, 1861 in Randolph County, West Virginia as part of the operations in West Virginia during the American Civil War. ... The Battle of Cheat Mountain, also known as the Battle of Cheat Mountain Summit, took place from September 12-15, 1861, in Pocahontas County, Virginia (now West Virginia) as part of the Operations in Western Virginia Campaign during the American Civil War. ... Battle of Greenbrier River Conflict American Civil War Date October 3, 1861 Place Pocahontas County, West Virginia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Greenbrier River, also known as the Battle of Camp Bartow, took place on October 3, 1861 in Pocahontas County, West Virginia as part of the operations in West... A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ... December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Battle of Camp Alleghany Conflict American Civil War Date December 13, 1861 Place Pocahontas County, West Virginia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Camp Alleghany, also known as the Battle of Alleghany Mountain, took place on December 13, 1861 in Pocahontas County, West Virginia as part of the operations in West...

In the winter of 1861–62, Johnson's army cooperated with Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson in the early stages of the Valley Campaign. At the Battle of McDowell, Johnson was severely wounded with a bullet to the ankle, which took a long time to heal. He returned to Richmond for his convalescence and remained there for nearly a year, active in the social scene. Although Johnson was a heavy-set, rough-looking, rude character, who was still a bachelor at age 47, he had the reputation of a ladies' man. Due to a wound he received in Mexico, he was afflicted with an eye that winked uncontrollably, causing many women to believe he was flirting with them. He caused enough attention that he rated mentions in the famous diary of Mary Chesnut. 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... For the 1960s country music artist, see Stonewall Jackson (musician); for the submarine, see USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN-634). ... Stonewall Jackson The Valley Campaign was Confederate General Thomas J. Stonewall Jacksons brilliant spring 1862 campaign through the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, during the American Civil War. ... Battle of McDowell Conflict American Civil War Date May 8, 1862 Place Highland County, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Battle of McDowell, also known as the Battle of Sitlingtons Hill, took place on May 8, 1862 in Highland County, Virginia as part of Confederate Army General Thomas J. Jackson... Nickname: River City Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra Official website: http://www. ... Mary Chesnut (1823-1886) lived in Charleston, South Carolina, and is famous for keeping an extremely detailed diary describing the American Civil War. ...

In 1863, following the reorganization of the Army of Northern Virginia to compensate for the death of Stonewall Jackson after the Battle of Chancellorsville, Johnson was promoted to major general and given command of the "Stonewall Division" in Richard S. Ewell's Second Corps. Robert E. Lee had become dissatisfied with the previous commander at the battle and summoned Johnson back from medical leave to take the command. 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War in the eastern theater. ... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Joseph Hooker Robert E. Lee Stonewall Jackson† Strength 97,382 57,352 Casualties 16,839 (1,574 killed, 9,554 wounded, 5,711 missing) 13,156 (1,683 killed, 9,277 wounded, 2,196 missing) The Battle of Chancellorsville was... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Richard S. Ewell Richard Stoddert Ewell (February 8, 1817 – January 25, 1872) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Confederate general during the American Civil War. ...

By May 1863, Johnson had recovered enough to lead his division in the Gettysburg Campaign. He still needed a heavy hickory stick to move around on foot (and was known to use it against men he believed were shirking battle) and his men nicknamed him "Old Clubby". On the way north into Pennsylvania, Johnson defeated Union General Robert H. Milroy at the Second Battle of Winchester. Johnson arrived at the Battle of Gettysburg on the evening of the first day, July 1, 1863. In a move that is still controversial, Ewell did not take advantage of Johnson's division and attack Cemetery Hill immediately that evening, a time when it might have been the decisive move of the battle. And, Johnson was controversial by declining to attack Culp's Hill that evening, for which he had a discretionary order. Instead, Johnson's division was the primary force that attacked Culp's Hill on the second and third days, July 2–3. Johnson's division suffered considerable casualties attacking this impregnable position multiple times and achieved no lasting success. In the fall of 1863, Johnson played a prominent role in the Mine Run Campaign. Eastern Theater operations in 1863, showing Chancellorsville and the Gettysburg Campaign (through July 3) The Gettysburg Campaign was a series of battles fought in June and July, 1863, during the American Civil War. ... Official language(s) None Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 33rd 119,283 km² 255 km 455 km 2. ... The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Shermans veterans. ... Battle of Winchester II Conflict American Civil War Date June 13-15, 1863 Place Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Second Battle of Winchester took place from June 13– 15, 1863, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders George G. Meade Robert E. Lee Strength 83,289 75,054 Casualties 23,049 (3,155 killed, 14,529 wounded, 5,365 captured/missing) 28,000 (3,500 killed, 18,000 wounded, 6,500 captured/missing) {{{notes}}} The Battle of... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... Battle of Mine Run Conflict American Civil War Date November 27–December 2, 1863 Place Orange County, Virginia Result Inconclusive The Battle of Mine Run, also known as Paynes Farm, or New Hope Church, or the Mine Run Campaign (November 27 – December 2, 1863), was conducted in Orange County...

In the Overland Campaign of 1864, Johnson fought well at the Battle of the Wilderness and when James Longstreet was seriously wounded there, Robert E. Lee considered Johnson as a replacement corps commander. During the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, on May 12, 1864, at the "Bloody Angle" section of the Confederate "Mule Shoe" defensive line, Johnson was captured along with most of his division. He was imprisoned for months at Morris island, off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina, and was exchanged on August 3, 1864. He was sent west to join John Bell Hood's Army of Tennessee, where he commanded a division in the corps of Stephen D. Lee. During the Franklin-Nashville Campaign, Johnson was captured again at the Battle of Nashville on December 16, 1864. He again spent months in a Union prisoner of war camp at Johnson's Island, in Lake Erie. At the end of the war, Johnson was moved to the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, D.C., where he was accused of being somehow complicit in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Nothing came of the accusation and he was paroled on July 22, 1865. Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee The Overland Campaign, or Grants Overland Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June, 1864, in the American Civil War. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... This article is about the Battle of the Wilderness in the American Civil War. ... James Longstreet James Longstreet (January 8, 1821 – January 2, 1904) was one of the foremost Confederate generals of the American Civil War, and later enjoyed a successful post-war career working for the government of his former enemies, as a diplomat and administrator. ... Battle of Spotsylvania Court House Conflict American Civil War Date May 8–21, 1864 Place Spotsylvania County Result Inconclusive (Grant continued his offensive) The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second battle in Lieut. ... May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... This article is about the city in South Carolina. ... August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... John Bell Hood John Bell Hood (June 1, 1831 – August 30, 1879) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War. ... The Army of Tennessee was formed in November 1862. ... Stephen D. Lee (1833‑1908) was a Confederate general. ... The Franklin-Nashville Campaign, also known as Hoods Tennessee Campaign, was a series of battles fought in the fall of 1864 in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War. ... The Battle of Nashville was a two-day battle in the Franklin-Nashville Campaign that represented the end of large-scale fighting in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. ... December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Johnsons Island was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Confederate officers captured during the American Civil War. ... Lake Erie, looking southward from a high rural bluff near Leamington, Ontario Lake Erie (ee ree) is is one of the five large freshwater Great Lakes in North America, among the worlds largest such lakes. ... Nickname: the District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Official website: http://www. ... Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter, and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. ... 22 July is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ...

After the war, Johnson was a farmer in Virginia. He was active in Confederate veterans affairs, including early efforts to construct a monument to Robert E. Lee in Richmond. He died in Richmond and his body lay in state in the state capital until he was buried at Hollywood Cemetery. A view of Hollywood Cemetery and Presidents Circle Hollywood Cemetery is a large, sprawling cemetery in Richmond, Virginia, characterized by rolling hills and winding paths overlooking the James River. ...

References

• Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J.: Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3
• A biography of Edward "Allegheny" Johnson
• "Generals at Gettysburg" website
• Edward Johnson at Find-A-Grave