NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Edward P. Livingston

Edward Livingston (May 26, 1764–May 23, 1836) was a prominent American jurist and statesman. He was an influential figure in the drafting of the Louisiana Civil Code of 1825, a civil code based largely on the Napoleonic Code.^[1] He served as the U.S. Secretary of State from 1831 to 1833.^[2] Edward Livingston [1] This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. ... May 24 is the 144th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (145th in leap years). ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... May 29 is the 149th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (150th in leap years). ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 â€“ July 24, 1862), nicknamed Old Kinderhook, was the eighth President of the United States. ... Louis McLane Louis McLane (May 28, 1786–October 7, 1857) represented the state of Delaware in both the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and served as the Secretary of the Treasury and later the Secretary of State under President Andrew Jackson. ... May 26 is the 146th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (147th in leap years). ... 1764 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Clermont is a town located in Columbia County, New York. ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... October 2, Charles Darwin returns from his voyage around the world. ... Rhinebeck is a village located in the Town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York. ... The Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison as the republican party in 1793, was the dominant political party in the United States from 1800 until it broke up in the 1820s. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... English barrister 16th century painting of a civil law notary, by Flemish painter Quentin Massys. ... May 26 is the 146th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (147th in leap years). ... 1764 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... October 2, Charles Darwin returns from his voyage around the world. ... First page of the 1804 original edition The original Napoleonic Code, or Code NapolÃ©on (originally called the Code civil des FranÃ§ais, or civil code of the French), was the French civil code, established at the behest of NapolÃ©on I. It entered into force on March 21, 1804. ... The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ...

Early life

Livingston was born in Clermont, Columbia County, New York. He was the youngest son of Robert R. Livingston, the brother of Robert Livingston (1746-1813), grandson of Robert Livingston (1688-1775), and great-grandson of Robert Livingston the Elder (1654 - 1728). He was also brothers-in-law with John Armstrong, Jr. and Morgan Lewis (along with many other notable relations from the extended Livingston family). Clermont is a town located in Columbia County, New York. ... Location in the state of New York Formed 1786 Seat Hudson Area - Total - Water 1,679 kmÂ² (648 miÂ²) 32 kmÂ² (13 miÂ²) 1. ... Official language(s) English de facto Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area Ranked 27th - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 kmÂ²) - Width 285 miles (455 km) - Length 330 miles (530 km) - % water 13. ... Robert R. Livingston (November 27, 1746 - February 26, 1813), of New York, was a delegate to the New York state constitutional convention and a member of the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence, although he was recalled by his state before he could sign it. ... BALPREEEEEEET bally, bailpreet Robert Livingston Robert R. Livingston, (November 27, 1746 â€“ February 26, 1813), of New York, was a delegate to the New York state constitutional convention and a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence, although he was recalled by his state before he... Robert Livingston (July 24, 1688â€“June 27, 1775) of New York, known as Robert of Clermont, son of Robert Livingston the Elder (1654â€“1728) and father of Robert Livingston (1718-1775). ... Robert Livingston the Elder (1654 - 1728), was a New York colonial official, and first lord of Livingston Manor. ... John Armstrong, Jr. ... Morgan Lewis (1754 - 1844) was the son of Francis Lewis. ...

Edward Livingston graduated from Princeton University in 1781, was admitted to the bar in 1785, and began to practice law in New York City, rapidly rising to distinction. From 1795 to 1801 he was a Republican U.S. Representative in the United States Congress from the state of New York, where he was one of the leaders of the opposition to Jay's Treaty, and introduced the resolution calling upon President George Washington to furnish Congress with the details of the negotiations of the peace treaty with Great Britain, which the President refused to share. At the close of Washington’s administration he voted with Andrew Jackson and other radicals against the address to the president. Princeton University is a coeducational private university located in Princeton, New Jersey in the United States of America. ... 1781 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Nickname: Big Apple, City that never Sleeps Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... The Democratic-Republican party was a United States political party, which evolved early in the history of the United States. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... Seal of the U.S. Congress. ... John Jay The Jay Treaty of 1795 (also known as Jays Treaty or the Treaty of London), named after U.S. Supreme Court chief justice John Jay, was a treaty between the United States and Great Britain signed on November 19, 1794 that attempted to clear up some of... The presidential seal was used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1969 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... George Washington (February 22, 1732â€“December 14, 1799) led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775â€“1783), and was later elected the first President of the United States. ...

Livingston was a prominent opponent of the Alien and Sedition Laws, introduced legislation on behalf of American seamen, and in 1800 attacked the president for permitting the extradition to the British government of Jonathan Robbins, who had committed murder on an English frigate and then escaped to South Carolina and falsely claimed to be an American citizen. In the debate on this question Livingston was opposed by John Marshall. In 1801 Livingston was appointed U.S. district attorney for the state of New York, and while retaining that position was in the same year appointed mayor of New York City. When, in the summer of 1803, the city was visited with yellow fever, Livingston displayed courage and energy in his endeavours to prevent the spread of the disease and relieve distress. He suffered a violent attack of fever, during which the people gave many proofs of their attachment to him. On his recovery he found his private affairs in some confusion, and he was at the same time deeply indebted to the government for public funds which had been lost through the mismanagement or dishonesty of a confidential clerk, and for which he was responsible as district-attorney. He at once surrendered all his property, resigned his two offices in 1803, and moved early in 1804 to Louisiana. He soon acquired a large law practice in New Orleans, and in 1826 repaid the government in full, including the interest, which at that time amounted to more than the original principal. The Alien and Sedition Acts were passed on July 14, 1798 under the administration of President John Adams. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson Area Ranked 40th - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 kmÂ²) - Width 200 miles (320 km) - Length 260 miles (420 km) - % water 6 - Latitude 32Â°430N to 35... John Marshall (September 24, 1755â€“July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who more than anyone shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power. ... A district attorney is, in some U.S. jurisdictions, the title of the local public official who represents the government in the prosecution of criminals. ... For a list of the Dutch Director-Generals who governed New Amsterdam (as New York City was called when it was a Dutch-run settlement) between 1624 and 1664, see: Director-General of New Netherland. ... This Article does not cite its references or sources. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ... The oldest surviving photograph, NicÃ©phore NiÃ©pce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Louisiana

Almost immediately upon his arrival in Louisiana, where the legal system had previously been based on Roman, French and Spanish law, and where trial by jury and other peculiarities of English common law were now first introduced, he was appointed by the legislature to prepare a provisional code of judicial procedure, which (in the form of an act passed in April 1805) was continued in force from 1805 to 1825. In 1807, after conducting a successful suit on behalf of a client’s title to a part of the batture or alluvial land near New Orleans, Livingston attempted to improve part of this land (which he had received as his fee) in the Batture, Ste Hilarie. Great popular excitement was aroused against him; his workmen were mobbed; and Governor William C. C. Claiborne, when appealed to for protection, referred the question to the Federal government. William Charles Cole Claiborne (1775 - 23 November 1817) was a United States politican, best known as the first U.S. governor of Louisiana. ...

It has been alleged that Livingston’s case was damaged by President Thomas Jefferson, who believed that Livingston had favoured Aaron Burr in the presidential election of 1800, and that he had afterwards been a party to Burr’s schemes. Jefferson made it impossible for Livingston to secure his title since by asserting the claim that such battures were the property of the Federal government, Livingston's title obtained from the Territorial Court notwithstanding. In response, Livingston filed a civil lawsuit against Jefferson in 1810. After the case was dismissed on 5 December, 1811 by Chief Justice John Marshall due to lack of jurisdiction,^[3] nonetheless, Jefferson in 1812 completed and published a pamphlet originally intended “for the use of counsel” in the case against Livingston, to which Livingston published a reply. During the war with England from 1812 to 1815, Livingston was active in rousing the mixed population of New Orleans to resistance. He used his influence to secure amnesty for Jean Lafitte and his followers upon their offer to fight for the city, and in 1814—1815 acted as adviser and volunteer aide-de- camp to General Andrew Jackson, who was his personal friend. Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 N.S. â€“ July 4, 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801â€“1809), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and an influential founder of the United States. ... Aaron Burr, Jr. ... Summary The election of 1800 is often considered a realigning election. ... Combatants United States Native Americans Great Britain Canadian colonial forces Native Americans First Nations Peoples Commanders James Madison Winfield Scott Andrew Jackson Isaac Brockâ€ George Prevost Tecumsehâ€ Strength â€¢U.S. Regular Army: 35,800 â€¢Rangers: 3,049 â€¢Militia: 458,463* â€¢US Navy & US Marines: (at start of war): â€¢Frigates:6... Jean Lafitte(1780? - 1826?), was a privateer in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 19th century. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ...

In 1821, by appointment of the legislature, of which he had become a member in the preceding year, Livingston began the preparation of a new code of criminal law and procedure, afterwards known in Europe and America as the "Livingston Code". It was prepared in both French and English, as was required by the necessities of practice in Louisiana, and actually consisted of four sections: crimes and punishments, procedure, evidence in criminal cases, reform and prison discipline. Though substantially completed in 1824, when it was accidentally burned, and again in 1826, it was not printed entire until 1833. It was never adopted by the state. It was at once reprinted in England, France and Germany, attracting wide praise by its remarkable simplicity and vigour, and especially by reason of its philanthropic provisions in the code of reform and prison discipline, which noticeably influenced the penal legislation of various countries. In referring to this code, Sir Henry Maine spoke of Livingston as “the first legal genius of modern times”.^[4] The spirit of Livingston’s code was remedial rather than vindictive; it provided for the abolition of capital punishment and the making of penitentiary labour not a punishment forced on the prisoner, but a matter of his choice and a reward for good behaviour, bringing with it better accommodations. His Code of Reform and Prison Discipline was adopted the government of the United States of Central America under liberal president Francisco Morazán. Livingston was the leading member of a commission appointed to prepare a new civil code, which for the most part the legislature adopted in 1825, and the most important chapters of which, including all those on contract, were prepared by Livingston alone. European redirects here. ... The United Provinces of Central America (UPCA) was a country that existed in Central America from July 1823 to approximately 1840. ... Left-aligned text #REDIRECT Insert textStrike-through text Insert non-formatted text hereMedia:Example. ...

Livingston was again a representative in Congress during preliminary work in the preparation of a new civil code, done by James Brown and Moreau Lislet, who in 1808 reported a "Digest of the Civil Laws now in force in the Territory of Orleans with Alterations and Amendments adapted to the present Form Of Government”.

Later career

Livingston served as a U.S. Representative from Louisiana from 1823—1829, a U.S. Senator in 1829—1831, and for two years (1831—1833) United States Secretary of State under President Jackson. In this last position he was one of the most trusted advisers of the president, for whom he prepared a number of state papers, the most important being the famous anti-nullification proclamation of the 10th of December 1832. Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the Senate. ... This Article does not cite its references or sources. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the House of Representatives. ... Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. ...

From 1833 to 1835 Livingston was minister plenipotentiary to France, charged with procuring the fulfilment by the French government of the treaty negotiated by W. C. Rives in 1831, by which France had bound herself to pay an indemnity of twenty-five millions of francs for French spoliations of American shipping chiefly under the Berlin and Milan decrees, and the United States in turn agreed to pay to France 1,500,000 francs in satisfaction of French claims. Livingston's negotiations were conducted with excellent judgment, but the French Chamber of Deputies refused to make an appropriation to pay the first instalment due under the treaty in 1833, relations between the two governments became strained, and Livingston was finally instructed to close the legation and return to America. Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen federal states of Germany. ... Country Italy Region Lombardy Province Milan (MI) Mayor Letizia Moratti Elevation 120 m Area 182 kmÂ² Population - Total (as of December 31, 2004) 1,308,311 - Density 6,988/kmÂ² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Milanesi Dialing code 02 Postal code 20100 Patron St. ...

Livingston died at Montgomery Place, Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York, an estate left him by his sister, to which he had removed in 1831. He was twice married. His first wife, Liviary McEvers, whom he married on the 10 April 1788, died on the March 13, 1801. In June 1805 he married Madame Louise Moreau de Lassy or D'Avezac, a widow 19 years of age, whose maiden name was Davezac de Castera, and who was a refugee in New Orleans from the revolution in Santo Domingo. She was a woman of extraordinary beauty and intellect, and is said to have greatly influenced her husband's public career. Rhinebeck is a village located in the Town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York. ... Dutchess County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. ... April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Santo Domingo from space, May 1992 Plaza ColÃ³n Santo Domingo de GuzmÃ¡n, population 2,061,200 (2003), estimated 2,253,437 in 2006, is the capital and the largest city of the Dominican Republic. ...

Monuments and memorials

The town of Livingston, Guatemala is named after Edward Livingston, in honor of the Livingston Code. Livingston County, Illinois, Livingston County, Michigan, Livingston, Tennessee Livingston County, Missouri are also named for him. Livingston is the name of a town in the Izabal province of Guatemala, at the mouth of the Rio Dulce at the Gulf of Honduras. ... Livingston County is a county located in the state of Illinois. ... Livingston County is a county located in the state of Michigan. ... Livingston is a town located in Overton County, Tennessee. ... Livingston County is a county located in the state of Missouri. ...

References

EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... This Article does not cite its references or sources. ... Motto: , traditionally rendered in Scots as Wha daur meddle wi me?[1] and in English as No one provokes me with impunity. ... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Official languages French Flower Blue Flag Iris (Iris versicolor LinnÃ©) Tree Yellow Birch Bird Snowy Owl Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Lieutenant-Governor Lise Thibault Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 75 24 Area Total - Land - Water (% of... Civil law is the predominant system of law in the world, with its origins in Roman law, and sets out a comprehensive system of rules, usually codified, that are applied and interpreted by judges. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ...

External links

Categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica | Livingston family | 1764 births | 1836 deaths | Ambassadors of the United States | Lieutenant Governors of New York | Mayors of New York City | Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana | Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York | United States Secretaries of State | United States Senators from Louisiana William M. Oliver was an American politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1831. ... The Lieutenant Governor of New York is the second highest ranking official in state government. ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... John Tracy was an American politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1833 to 1835 and from 1836 to 1837. ... 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Hamilton Fish Hamilton Fish, (3 August 1808â€“7 September 1893), born in New York City, was an American statesman who served as Governor of New York, United States Senator and United States Secretary of State. ... Photograph of U.S. Secretary of State William M. Evarts William Maxwell Evarts (February 6, 1818–February 28, 1901) was an American lawyer and statesman. ... James G. Blaine James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 â€“ January 27, 1893) was a U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator from Maine and a two-time United States Secretary of State. ... Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (August 4, 1817â€“May 20, 1885) was a member of the United States Senate from New Jersey and a United States Secretary of State. ... Thomas Francis Bayard, Sr. ... James G. Blaine James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 â€“ January 27, 1893) was a U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator from Maine and a two-time United States Secretary of State. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State John W. Foster John Watson Foster (March 2, 1836 â€“ November 15, 1917) was an American military man, journalist and diplomat. ... Walter Quintin Gresham (March 17, 1832–May 28, 1895) was an American statesman and jurist. ... Richard Olney (September 15, 1835â€“April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. ... John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823â€“October 22, 1900) was a Senator from Ohio and a member of the United States Cabinet. ... Categories: People stubs | U.S. Supreme Court justices | Judges of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | U.S. Secretaries of State | Spanish-American War people | American lawyers | 1849 births | 1923 deaths ... For other people named John Hay, see John Hay (disambiguation). ... Elihu Root Elihu Root (February 15, 1845 â€“ February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman, the son of Oren Root and Nancy Whitney Buttrick. ... Categories: Stub | 1860 births | 1919 deaths | U.S. Secretaries of State ... Philander C. Knox Philander Chase Knox (May 6, 1853â€“October 12, 1921) was an American lawyer and politician who served as Attorney General and U.S. Senator and was Secretary of State from 1909-1913. ... William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 â€“ July 26, 1925) was an American lawyer, statesman, and politician. ... This article is about the former Secretary of State. ... Categories: Stub | 1869 births | 1950 deaths | U.S. Secretaries of State ... Charles Evans Hughes (April 11, 1862 â€“ August 27, 1948) was Governor of New York, United States Secretary of State, Associate Justice and Chief Justice of the United States. ... Frank Billings Kellogg (December 22, 1856 â€“ December 21, 1937) was an American politician and statesman. ... Henry L. Stimson Henry Lewis Stimson (September 21, 1867 â€“ October 20, 1950) was an American statesman, who served as Secretary of War, Governor-General of the Philippines, and Secretary of State at various times. ... Secretary Hull Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 â€“ July 23, 1955) served as United States Secretary of State from 1933-1944 under Franklin Delano Roosevelt and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes James Francis Byrnes (May 2, 1879 â€“ April 9, 1972) was a confidant of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and one of the most powerful men in American domestic and foreign policy in the mid-2006s. ... For other people named George Marshall, see George Marshall (disambiguation). ... Dean Acheson Dean Gooderham Acheson (April 11, 1893 â€“ October 12, 1971) was a United States Secretary of State under President Harry S. Truman. ... John Foster Dulles John Foster Dulles (February 2, 1888 â€“ May 24, 1959) was an American statesman who served as Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Christian Herter For Christian Herter, 19th-century New York decorator, see Herter Brothers. ... David Dean Rusk (February 9, 1909 â€“ December 20, 1994) was the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. ... William Pierce Rogers (June 23, 1913 â€“ January 2, 2001) was an American politician, who served as a Cabinet officer in the administrations of two U.S. Presidents in the third quarter of the 20th century. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923) is a German-born American diplomat, Nobel laureate and statesman. ... Cyrus Vance Cyrus Roberts Vance (March 27, 1917 â€“ January 12, 2002) was the United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980. ... Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 â€“ March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ... For other people named Alexander Haig, see Alexander Haig (disambiguation). ... Shultz in his official D.O.L. portrait. ... James Addison Baker III (born April 28, 1930), American politician and diplomat, was Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagans first administration, United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1985 to 1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the administration of President George H. W... Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (born August 1, 1930), is an American statesman and diplomat who served under Presidents Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush. ... Warren Minor Christopher (born October 27, 1925) is an American diplomat and lawyer. ... Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana KorbelovÃ¡ on May 15, 1937) served as the 64th United States Secretary of State. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954 in Birmingham, Alabama) is the 66th and current United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ...

Contents

Louisiana

Later career

Monuments and memorials

References

External links