NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Edward S. Curtis

Edward Sheriff Curtis (February 16, 1868 – October 19, 1952) was a photographer of the American West and of Native American peoples. ^[1] ^[2] Edward Curtis (1801-1856) Politician Edward Sheriff Curtis Photographer ... Image File history File linksMetadata 10284052110509047539. ... is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Whitewater is a city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, located mostly in Walworth County and partly in Jefferson County. ... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Los Angeles and L.A. redirect here. ... A photographer at the Calgary Folk Music Festival Paparazzi at the Tribeca Film Festival A photographer is a person who takes a photograph using a camera. ... is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Western United States, also referred to as the American West or simply The West, traditionally refers to the region constituting the westernmost states of the United States (see geographical terminology section for further discussion of these terms). ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ...

Early life

Edward Curtis was born near Whitewater, Wisconsin. ^[3] Curtis' father, Rev. Johnson Asahel Curtis (1840-1887), was a minister and a United States Civil War veteran. Rev. Curtis was born in Ohio. Rev. Curtis' father was born in Canada, and his mother in Vermont. Edward's mother, Ellen Sheriff (1844-1912), was born in Pennsylvania; and both her parents were born in England. Curtis' siblings were Raphael Curtis (1862-c1885), who also was called Ray Curtis; Eva Curtis (1870-?); and Asahel Curtis (1875-1941). ^[4] Whitewater is a city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, located mostly in Walworth County and partly in Jefferson County. ... The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the northern states, popularly referred to as the U.S., the Union, the North, or the Yankees; and the seceding southern states, commonly referred to as the Confederate States of America, the CSA, the Confederacy... Official language(s) English de facto Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Greater Cleveland Area Ranked 34th - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 kmÂ²) - Width 220 miles (355 km) - Length 220 miles (355 km) - % water 8. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area Ranked 33rd - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 kmÂ²) - Width 280 miles (455 km) - Length 160 miles (255 km) - % water 2. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Asahel Curtis (1874 - 1941) was a Northwest Photographer. ...

Around 1874 the family moved from Wisconsin to Minnesota, and Curtis built his own camera. In 1880 the family was living in Cordova Township, Minnesota, where Johnson Curtis was working as a retail grocer. ^[4] ^[5] Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area Ranked 12th - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 kmÂ²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 400 miles (645 km) - % water 8. ... Cordova Township is a township located in Le Sueur County, Minnesota. ...

Early career

In 1885 at the age of seventeen Edward became an apprentice photographer in St. Paul, Minnesota. In 1887 the family moved to Seattle, Washington, where Edward purchased a new camera and became a partner in an existing photographic studio with Rasmus Rothi. Edward paid $150 for his 50 percent share in the studio. After about six months, Curtis left Rothi and formed a new partnership with Thomas Guptill. The new studio was called Curtis and Guptill, Photographers and Photoengravers. ^[2] ^[3] State capitol building in Saint Paul Saint Paul is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America. ... Seattle redirects here. ...

Marriage

In 1892 Edward married Clara J. Phillips (1874-1932), who was born in Pennsylvania. Both her parents were from Canada. Together they had four children: Harold Curtis (1893-?); Elizabeth M. (Beth) Curtis (1896-1973), who married Manford E. Magnuson (1895-1993); Florence Curtis (1899-1987) who married Henry Graybill (1893-?); and Katherine (Billy) Curtis (1909-?). In 1896 the entire family moved to a new house in Seattle. The household then included Edward's mother, Ellen Sheriff; Edward's sister, Eva Curtis; Edward's brother, Asahel Curtis; Clara's sisters, Susie and Nellie Phillips; and Nellie's son, William. Image File history File linksMetadata Curtis_family. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Curtis_family. ... Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area Ranked 33rd - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 kmÂ²) - Width 280 miles (455 km) - Length 160 miles (255 km) - % water 2. ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area - Total - Land - Water - % water 369. ... Asahel Curtis (1874 - 1941) was a Northwest Photographer. ...

Middle career

In 1895 Curtis met and photographed Princess Angeline (c1800-1896) aka Kickisomlo, the daughter of Chief Sealth of Seattle. This was to be his first portrait of a Native American. In 1898 while photographing Mt. Rainier, Curtis came upon a small group of scientists. One of them was George Bird Grinnell, an expert on Native Americans. Grinnell became interested in Curtis' photography and invited him to join an expedition to photograph the Blackfeet Indians in Montana in the year 1900. ^[2] Princess Angeline in a photograph by Edward Sheriff Curtis Princess Angeline (c. ... Chief Seattle or Sealth of the Suquamish and Duwamish Native American tribes, was born around 1786 on Blake Island in Washington state, and died June 7, 1866 on the Suquamish Reservation at Port Madison (now Bainbridge Island, Washington). ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area - Total - Land - Water - % water 369. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... Mount Rainier is a stratovolcano (and national park) located 54 miles (87 km) southeast of Seattle, Washington in Pierce County. ... George Bird Grinnell (1849 â€“ 1938) was an American anthropologist, historian, naturalist, and writer. ...

The North American Indian

In 1906 J.P. Morgan offered Curtis $75,000 to produce a series on the North American Indian. ^[6] It was to be in 20 volumes with 1,500 photographs. Morgan was to receive 25 sets and 500 original prints as his method of repayment. Curtis' goal was not just to photograph, but to document, as much American Indian (Native American) traditional life as possible before that way of life disappeared. He wrote in the introduction to his first volume in 1907: "The information that is to be gathered ... respecting the mode of life of one of the great races of mankind, must be collected at once or the opportunity will be lost." Curtis made over 10,000 wax cylinder recordings of Indian language and music. He took over 40,000 photographic images from over 80 tribes. He recorded tribal lore and history, and he described traditional foods, housing, garments, recreation, ceremonies, and funeral customs. He wrote biographical sketches of tribal leaders, and his material, in most cases, is the only recorded history. ^[2] Image File history File links 10284052110512546776. ... Image File history File links 10284052110512546776. ... John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913), American financier and banker, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, a son of Junius Spencer Morgan (1813–1890), who was a partner of George Peabody and the founder of the house of J. S. Morgan & Co. ...

Divorce

In 1910 the family was living in Seattle and on October 16, 1916, Clara filed for divorce. In 1919 she was granted the divorce and received the Curtis' photographic studio and all of his original camera negatives as her part of the settlement. Edward went with his daughter, Beth, to the studio and destroyed all of his original glass negatives, rather than have them become the property of his ex-wife, Clara. Clara went on to manage the Curtis studio with her sister, Nellie M. Phillips (1880-?), who was married to Martin Lucus (1880-?). In 1920 Beth Curtis and her sister Florence Curtis were living in a boarding house in Seattle. Clara was living in Charleston, Kitsap County, Washington with her sister Nellie and her daughter Katherine Curtis. ^[2] is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Kitsap County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington, named after Chief Kitsap of the Suquamish tribe. ...

Hollywood

Around 1922 Curtis moved to Los Angeles with his daughter Beth, and opened a new photo studio. To earn money he worked as an assistant cameraman for Cecil B. DeMille and was an uncredited assistant cameraman in the 1923 filming of The Ten Commandments. On October 16, 1924 Curtis sold the rights to his ethnographic motion picture In the Land of the Head-Hunters to the American Museum of Natural History. He was paid $1,500 for the master print and the original camera negative. It had cost him over $20,000 to film. ^[2] Image File history File links 10284052110508890707. ... Image File history File links 10284052110508890707. ... Cecil Blount DeMille (August 12, 1881 â€“ January 21, 1959) was one of the most successful filmmakers during the first half of the 20th century. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Decline

In 1927 after returning from Alaska to Seattle with his daughter Beth, he was arrested for failure to pay alimony over the preceding 7 years. The total owed was $4,500, but the charges were dropped. For Christmas of 1927, the family was reunited at daughter Florence's home in Medford, Oregon. This was the first time since the divorce that Curtis was with all of his children at the same time, and it had been thirteen years since he had seen Katherine. In 1928, desperate for cash, Edward sold the rights to his project to J.P Morgan's son. In 1930 he published the concluding volume of The North American Indian. In total about 280 sets were sold of his now completed opus magnum. In 1930 his ex-wife, Clara, was still living in Seattle operating the photo studio with their daughter Katherine. His other daughter, Florence Curtis, was still living in Medford, Oregon with her husband Henry Graybill. In 1932 his ex wife, Clara, drowned while rowing in Puget Sound, and his daughter, Katherine moved to California to be closer to her father and her sister, Beth. ^[2] Official language(s) None[1] Spoken language(s) English 85. ... Motto: The Center of the Rogue Valley Location in Oregon Coordinates: , Country State County Jackson County Incorporated February 24, 1885 Government - Mayor Gary Wheeler Area - City 21. ... John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ... Puget Sound For the university in this region, see University of Puget Sound. ...

Loss of Rights to The North American Indian

In 1935 the rights and remaining unpublished material were sold by the Morgan estate to the Charles E. Lauriat Company in Boston for $1,000 plus a percentage of any future royalties. This included: 19 complete bound sets of The North American Indian, thousands of individual paper prints, the copper printing plates, the unbound printed pages, and the original glass-plate negatives. Lauriat bound the remaining loose printed pages and sold them with the completed sets. The remaining material remained untouched in the Lauriat basement in Boston until they were rediscovered in 1972. ^[2]

Death and burial

On October 19, 1952, at the age of 84, Curtis died of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California in the home of his daughter, Beth. He was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, California. His terse obituary appeared in The New York Times on October 20, 1952: Edward Sheriff Curtis (1868-1952) obituary in the New York Times on October 20, 1952 Template:Pd-user File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Edward Sheriff Curtis (1868-1952) obituary in the New York Times on October 20, 1952 Template:Pd-user File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Los Angeles and L.A. redirect here. ... Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery is located at 6300 Forest Lawn Drive in Los Angeles, California, on the south edge of the San Fernando Valley by Burbank (and on the north side of the Santa Monica Mountains from Hollywood). ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Curtis archive at the Library of Congress

Charles Lauriat archive

Around 1970, Karl Kernberger of Santa Fe, New Mexico went to Boston to search for Curtis' original copper plates and photogravures at the Charles E. Lauriat rare bookstore. He discovered almost 285,000 original photogravures as well as all the original copper plates. With Jack Loeffler; and David Podwa, they jointly purchased all of the surviving Curtis material that was owned by Charles Emelius Lauriat (1874-1937). The collection was later purchased by another group of investors led by Mark Zaplin of Santa Fe. The Zaplin Group owned the plates until 1982, when they sold them to a California group led by Kenneth Zerbe, the current owner of the plates as of 2005. he also died on 2010 and liked pie Nickname: Location in Santa Fe County, New Mexico Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Fe Founded ca. ... Photogravure is a type of intaglio printing process used for reproducing monochromatic (black and white) images. ...

Peabody Essex Museum

Dr. Charles Goddard Weld purchased 110 prints that Curtis had made for his 1905-1906 exhibit and donated them to the Peabody Essex Museum, where they remain. The 14" by 17" prints are each unique and remain in pristine condition. Clark Worswick, curator of photography for the museum, describes them as: Charles Goddard Weld (1857-1911), was a Boston-area physician, sailor, philanthropist, and art lover. ... The Peabody Essex Museum was founded in 1801 as the East India Marine Society by a group of Salem, Mass. ...

Controversy

Curtis has been praised as a gifted photographer but also criticized for manipulating his images by professional ethnologists. Curtis' photographs have been charged with misrepresenting Native American people and cultures by portraying them in the popular notions and stereotypes of the times. Although the early twentieth century was difficult time for most Native communities in America, not all natives were doomed to becoming a "vanishing race", although this was what Curtis' images set out to document. ^[8] At a time when natives' rights were being denied and their treaties were unrecognized by the federal government, many natives were successfully adapting to western society. By reinforcing the native identity as the noble savage and a tragic vanishing race, Curtis detracted attention from the true plight of American natives at the time when he was witnessing their squalid conditions on reservations first-hand and their attempt to find their place in Western culture and adapt to their changing world ^[8]. A section of Benjamin Wests The Death of General Wolfe; Wests depiction of this Native American has been considered an idealization in the tradition of the Noble savage (Fryd, 75) In the 18th century culture of Primitivism the noble savage, uncorrupted by the influences of civilization was considered...

In many of his images Curtis removed parasols, suspenders, wagons, and other traces of Western and material culture from his pictures. In his photogravure In a Piegan Lodge, published in The North American Indian, Curtis retouched the image to remove a clock located between the two men seated on the ground. ^[9]

He also is known to have paid natives to pose in staged scenes, wear historically inaccurate dress and costumes, dance and partake in simulated ceremonies. ^[10]. In Curtis' picture Oglala War-Party, the image shows ten Oglala men wearing feather headdresses, on horseback riding down hill. The photo caption reads, "a group of Sioux warriors as they appeared in the days of inter tribal warfare, carefully making their way down a hillside in the vicinity of the enemy's camp." In truth headdresses would have only been worn during special occasions and, in some tribes, only by the chief of the tribe. The photograph was taken in 1907 when natives had been relegated onto reservations and warring between tribes had ended. Curtis paid natives to pose as warriors at a time when they lived with little dignity, rights, and freedoms. He altered and manipulated his pictures to create an ethnographic simulation of Native tribes untouched by Western society.

Timeline

1868 Curtis is born near Whitewater, Wisconsin and grows up near Cordova, Minnesota.
1880 1880 US Census with Curtis family living in Minnesota ^[4]
1887 Curtis moves to Washington territory with his father Johnson.
1891 Curtis buys into a photo studio with Rothi, and later starts a new photographic studio in Seattle with Guptill.
1895 Curtis meets and photographs Princess Angeline (c1800-1896) aka Kickisomlo, the daughter of Chief Sealth of Seattle.
1896 Curtis and Guptill win the bronze medal at the National Photographers Convention in Chautauqua, New York. Argus magazine declares them the leading photographers in Puget Sound. Beth, the Curtis' 2nd child and 1st daughter is born. The Curtis family moves to a larger house where they are joined by Edward's mother Ellen, sister Eva, brother Asahel, Clara's sister Susie, her cousin Nellie Philips and Nellie's son William. The entire family works at one time or another in the Curtis studio.
1898 On Mount Rainier, Curtis meets a group of scientists, including anthropologist George Bird Grinnell and C. Hart Merriam.
1899 Curtis is appointed official photographer for E. H. Harriman's Alaska Expedition.
1900 Curtis accompanies George Bird Grinnell to the Piegan Reservation in northwest Montana to photograph the Sun Dance ceremony.
1903 Chief Joseph of the Nez Percé visits the Curtis studio and has his portrait taken. Curtis hires Adolph Muhr (?-1912) to run the studio while he is away working on photography and trying to get financing in New York and Washington, D.C..
1904 President Theodore Roosevelt invites Curtis to photograph his children after seeing Curtis' winning photograph in "The Prettiest Children in America" contest published in Ladies' Home Journal.
1904 Louisa Satterlee, daughter-in-law of financier J.P. Morgan, purchases Curtis photographs at an exhibit in New York City.
1906 Curtis secures funds from J.P. Morgan for the field work to produce a twenty volume illustrated text American Indians, to be completed in five years. ^[6]
1907 Volume 1 of The North American Indian is published, with a foreword by Theodore Roosevelt. ^[6]
1908 Volume 2 published
1911 Curtis launches The Indian Picture Opera a lecture and slide show, to publicize his work, and solicit subscriptions for The North American Indian. Original Music was composed by Henry Gilbert, and 22 piece orchestra accompanied the production. The Indian Picture Opera performed through the end of 1912. ^[11] ^[12]
1912 Volume 8 published
1913 J.P. Morgan dies, but his son decides to continue funding The North American Indian until finished.
1913 Volume 9 published. ^[13]
1914 Curtis releases In the Land of the Head-Hunters, a motion picture depicting Native Americans of the Northwest Coast. ^[14]
1915 Volume 10 and 11 published. No additional volumes published for the next six years.
1916 Clara Curtis files for divorce.
1916 Curtis works on the Orotone photographic process where glass plate positive images are made by printing a reversed image on glass and then backing it with a mixture of powered gold pigment and banana oil.
1919 Divorce granted.
1920 Clara living in Charleston, Kitsap County, Washington with her married sister.
1920 Curtis and daughter Beth move from Seattle to Los Angeles. Curtis finances fieldwork by working in his new studio and in Hollywood as a still photographer and assistant movie camera operator for major studios.
1922 Volume 12 published.
1924 Curtis sells rights to his film to the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
1926 Volume 16 published.
1927 Curtis' Alaska trip culminates three decades of fieldwork. Beth invites Curtis' youngest daughter Katherine to spend the Christmas holiday with the family at Florence's home in Medford, Oregon. This is the first time Curtis has ever been together with all of his children and the first time in thirteen years that Katherine has seen her father.
1930 Volume 20 published. Clara and Katherine are still living in Seattle and operating his old studio.
1932 Death of his ex-wife Clara, daughter Katherine moves to California.
1935 Materials remaining from The North American Indian project, including copper photogravure plates, are sold to the Charles E. Lauriat Company, a rare book dealer in Boston. Curtis tries to earn money by gold-mining and farming.
1947 Moves to Whittier, California into the home of his daughter, Beth and her husband Manford Magnuson.
1952 Curtis dies in Los Angeles in the home of his daughter Beth, his obituary appears in the New York Times and he is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery in Hollywood Hills, California. ^[1]

1880 US Census The United States Census of 1880 was the tenth United States Census. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 457 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (2496 Ã— 3272 pixel, file size: 1. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area Ranked 12th - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 kmÂ²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 400 miles (645 km) - % water 8. ... Edward Henry Harriman (February 20, 1848 â€“ September 9, 1909), better known as E. H. Harriman, was a wealthy railroad executive. ... The Harriman Alaska Expedition was organized by E. H. Harriman to explore the coastal waters and territory of Alaska in 1899. ... This article is about the Piegan Blackfoot, the band of the tribe located on the Blackfoot Nation in Montana. ... Chief Joseph (1840â€“September 21, 1904) was the chief of the Wal-lam-wat-kain (Wallowa) band of Nez Perce Indians during General Oliver O. Howards attempt to forcibly remove his band and the other non-treaty Indians to a reservation in Idaho. ... Nez PercÃ© warrior on horse, 1910 The Nez PercÃ© or Nez Perce (pronounced as in French, or ) are a tribe of Native Americans who inhabited the Pacific Northwest region of the United States at the time of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913), American financier and banker, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, a son of Junius Spencer Morgan (1813–1890), who was a partner of George Peabody and the founder of the house of J. S. Morgan & Co. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ... The Indian Picture Opera, A magic lantern slide show by Edward S. Curtis In the early 1900s, famed photographer Edward S. Curtis published the renowned 20-volume book subscription entitled The North American Indian. He compiled about 2400 photographs with detailed ethnological and language studies of tribes of the... The Indian Picture Opera, A magic lantern slide show by Edward S. Curtis In the early 1900s, famed photographer Edward S. Curtis published the renowned 20-volume book subscription entitled The North American Indian. He compiled about 2400 photographs with detailed ethnological and language studies of tribes of the... Orotone or gold tone is a traditional technique of photography. ... Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery is located at 6300 Forest Lawn Drive in Los Angeles, California, on the south edge of the San Fernando Valley by Burbank (and on the north side of the Santa Monica Mountains from Hollywood). ...

Further reading

Periodicals

The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Seattle redirects here. ...

Books

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Edward S. Curtis, internationally known authority on the history of the North American Indian, died today at the home of a daughter, Mrs. Bess Magnuson. His age was 84.", New York Times, October 20, 1952. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “Mr. Curtis devoted his life to compiling Indian history. His research was done under the patronage of the late financier, J. Pierpont Morgan. The foreward [sic] for the monumental set of Curtis books was written by President Theodore Roosevelt. Mr. Curtis was also widely known as a photographer.”
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Makepeace, Anne (2001). Edward S. Curtis: Coming to Light. National Geographic. ISBN 0792264045.
^ ^a ^b ^c Edward S. Curtis Collection. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. “Although unknown for many years, Edward S. Curtis is today one of the most well-recognized and celebrated photographers of Native people. Born near White Water, Wisconsin, on February 16, 1868, he became interested in the emerging art of photography when he was quite young, building his first camera when he was still an adolescent. In Seattle, where his family moved in 1887, he acquired part interest in a portrait photography studio and soon became sole owner of the successful business, renaming it Edward S. Curtis Photographer and Photoengraver.”
^ ^a ^b ^c Curtis family in 1880 US Census in Cordova Township, Minnesota
^ Shadow Catcher. American Masters. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. “Edward S. Curtis was born near Whitewater, Wisconsin in 1868. His father, a Civil War veteran and a Reverend, moved the family to Minnesota, where Edward became interested in photography and soon constructed his own camera and learned how to process the prints. At the age of seventeen he became an apprentice photographer in St. Paul. The family moved near Seattle, Washington, where Edward purchased a second camera and bought a half interest in a photographic studio. He married and the couple had four children.”
^ ^a ^b ^c "Mr. Edward Curtis's $3,000 Work on the Aborigine a Marvel of Pictorial Record.", New York Times, June 6, 1908. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “Photo-history is the apt word which has been coined to describe the work which Edward S. Curtis is doing for the North American Indian. Nothing just like it has ever before been attempted for any people.”
^ The Master Prints of Edwards S. Curtis: Portraits of Native America. Peabody Essex Museum. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. “Edward Sheriff Curtis was just thirty-three years old in 1901 when he began his legendary effort to document the life and cultures of the North American Indian through photographs and interviews. By 1930 he had studied more than eighty tribes, taken more than 40,000 photographs, and earned the support of Theodore Roosevelt and J. P. Morgan, among others.”
^ ^a ^b The Myth of the Vanishing Race. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
^ Edward Curtis: Pictorialist and Ethnographic Adventurist. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
^ The Shadow Catcher. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
^ "Lives 22 Years with Indians to get Their Secrets.", New York Times, April 16, 1911. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “With the aid of J. Pierpont Morgan, Edward S. Curtis has finished more than half of his monumental study of the American Indian. He has spent fourteen years among them in this work, and calculates that eight more years will see the completion of it.”
^ "Mount Tacoma.", New York Times, October 14, 1911. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “Many acres of forest land have been denuded in order to furnish the paper on which have been printed the voluminous and sometimes acrimonious discussion as to the meaning of the word "Tacoma." Edward S. Curtis, the Indian authority, who has been highly commended by The New York Times thus disposes of the question in the seventh volume of his great work, 'The North America Indian.'”
^ "The American Indian", New York Times, September 7, 1913. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “The appearance of Volume IX. of "The North American Indian," a field research conducted under the patronage of the late Pierpont Morgan, brings before the public another section of this valuable and comprehensive study of a people who are rapidly disappearing or losing their aboriginal traits, and acquiring the manners and customs of the dominant white race.”
^ "Review: In the Land of the Head-Hunters.", New York Times, March 28, 1915. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. “Edward S. Curtis has for many years been identified with the North American Indian. To them and their customs and languages he has given the study of a lifetime, living as friend and brother with the men of different tribes, permitted to watch them in their everyday life as well as in the exercise of their ceremonials.”

The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ... Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 457 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (2496 Ã— 3272 pixel, file size: 1. ... 1880 US Census The United States Census of 1880 was the tenth United States Census. ... Cordova Township is a township located in Le Sueur County, Minnesota. ... American Masters is a PBS television show which produces biographies on what it considers are the best artists, actors and writers of the United States. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 157th day of the year (158th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Peabody Essex Museum was founded in 1801 as the East India Marine Society by a group of Salem, Mass. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913), American financier and banker, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, a son of Junius Spencer Morgan (1813–1890), who was a partner of George Peabody and the founder of the house of J. S. Morgan & Co. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 87th day of the year (88th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, and video games. ... Find A Grave is an online database of seventeen million cemeteries and burial records. ... DjVu (pronounced dÃ©jÃ vu) is a computer file format designed primarily to store scanned images, especially those containing text and line drawings. ...

Image gallery

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1353, 1405 KB) TITLE: [Canon de Chelly--Navajo] CALL NUMBER: LOT 12311 [item] [P&P] Check for an online group record (may link to related items) REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-USZC4-11256 (color film copy transparency) LC-USZ62-116676 (b&w film... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 582 pixelsFull resolution (928 Ã— 675 pixel, file size: 88 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A photo taken of an Apache scout by Edward S. Curtis in the early 1900s. ... Download high resolution version (1476x2000, 1158 KB)TITLE: A smoky day at the Sugar Bowl--Hupa CALL NUMBER: LOT 12318-C [item] [P&P] Check for an online group record (may link to related items) REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-USZ62-47020 (b&w film copy neg. ... Download high resolution version (761x1024, 138 KB) Navajo medicine man - Nesjaja Hatali American Memory from the Library of Congress Nesjaja Hatali - Navaho (The North American Indian; v. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (513x640, 32 KB)http://lcweb2. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1585x2000, 926 KB)TITLE: The old-time warrior--Nez PercÃ© CALL NUMBER: LOT 12325-C <item> [P&P] Check for an online group record (may link to related items) REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-USZ62-101259 (b&w film copy neg. ... Download high resolution version (487x640, 135 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3428x2341, 2692 KB)TITLE: [Food caches, Hooper Bay, Alaska] CALL NUMBER: LOT 12330 <item> [P&P] REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-USZ62-107327 (b&w film copy neg. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (487x640, 127 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1062x1384, 464 KB)TITLE: Fishing with a Gaff-hook--Paviotso CALL NUMBER: Illus. ... Download high resolution version (487x640, 187 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (485x640, 111 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x1404, 739 KB) TITLE: Zuni girl with jar SUMMARY: Head-and-shoulders portrait of Zuni girl with pottery jar on her head. ... Download high resolution version (1024x849, 160 KB) Navajo flocks American Memory from the Library of Congress Navaho flocks (The North American Indian; v. ... Download high resolution version (1024x645, 135 KB) Navajo sandpainting American Memory from the Library of Congress Alhkidokihi - Navaho (The North American Indian; v. ... Download high resolution version (1024x834, 162 KB)Mono wickiup American Memory from the Library of Congress Mono home (The North American Indian; v. ... Download high resolution version (1024x819, 156 KB) Navajo weaver American Memory from the Library of Congress Blanket weaver - Navaho (The North American Indian; v. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (710x1024, 138 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Geronimo Edward S. Curtis ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiversity-logo-Snorky. ...

Contents

Early life

Early career

Marriage

Middle career

The North American Indian

Divorce

Hollywood

Decline

Loss of Rights to The North American Indian

Death and burial

Curtis archive at the Library of Congress

Charles Lauriat archive

Peabody Essex Museum

Controversy

Timeline

Further reading

Periodicals

Books

References

External links

Image gallery

Contents

Early life GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Early career

Marriage

Middle career

The North American Indian

Divorce

Hollywood

Decline

Loss of Rights to The North American Indian

Death and burial

Curtis archive at the Library of Congress

Charles Lauriat archive

Peabody Essex Museum

Controversy

Timeline

Further reading

Periodicals

Books

References

External links

Image gallery

Early life