The Eendracht was an early 17th Century Dutch ship, launched in 1615 in the service of the Dutch East India Company. It was captained by Dirk Hartog when he made the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, in 1616. (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Events June 2 - First Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Dutch colonial possessions, with the Dutch East India Company possessions marked in a paler green, surrounding the Indian Ocean plus Saint Helena in the mid-Atlantic. ... Dirk Hartog (1580—1621), the 17th Century Dutch sea captain and explorer, whose expedition was the second European group to land on Australian soil. ... Europe forms the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... Events October 25 — Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at an island off the Western Australian coast Pocahontas arrives in England War between Venice and Austria Collegium Musicum founded in Prague Nicolaus Copernicus De revolutionibus is placed on the Index of Forbidden Books...

Specifications

• type — wooden-hulled sailing ship
• built — 1615, at dockyards in Amsterdam
• characteristics — tonnage: 700 tonnes, 32 guns, crew of around 200.

Its name in Dutch may be translated as "concord", "unity" or "union", and was a common name given to Dutch ships of the period. A hull is the body or frame of a ship or boat. ... Traditional wooden cutter beating. ... Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 739,295 (1 January 2005) Coordinates 4°54E - 52°22N Website www. ... Tonnage is a measure of the size or cargo capacity of a ship. ... A tonne, sometimes known as metric ton in American English, (symbol t) is a unit of mass. ...

First voyage to the East Indies

Departure from Holland

Upon its commissioning, the Eendracht entered the service of the Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC).

For her maiden voyage on the open ocean, the Eendracht set sail on January 23, 1616 from the Dutch port of Texel in the company of several other VOC ships, on a trading venture bound for Batavia in the Dutch East Indies (the present-day Jakarta). Her captain was Dirk Hartog, a thirty-five year-old former private merchant, recently now in the employ of the VOC. The maiden voyage of a ship or aircraft is the first cruise or flight in revenue service, typically following a series of shakedown cruises or test-flights. ... January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events October 25 — Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at an island off the Western Australian coast Pocahontas arrives in England War between Venice and Austria Collegium Musicum founded in Prague Nicolaus Copernicus De revolutionibus is placed on the Index of Forbidden Books... This article is about the Dutch island Texel. ... This page is about the capital city of Indonesia. ... The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies, (Dutch: Nederlands Indië) was the name of the colonies set up by the Dutch East India Company, which came under administration of the Netherlands during the 19th century (see Indonesia). ... Motto: Jaya Raya (Indonesian): Prosper and Great Founded 22 June 1527 Governor Sutiyoso Area 661. ...

Route to Indian Ocean

Sailing down the west African coastline, the Eendracht became separated from the others in a storm, and reached the Cape of Good Hope alone on August 5, 1616. She stayed there several weeks, until August 27 when Hartog decided to set out unaccompanied across the Indian Ocean towards their destination. // Etymology World map showing Africa (geographically) The name Africa came into Western use through the Romans, who used the name Africa terra — land of the Afri (plural, or Afer singular) — for the northern part of the continent, as the province of Africa with its capital Carthage, corresponding to... 1888 Map of the Cape of Good Hope The Cape of Good Hope is a headland in South Africa, near Cape Town, traditionally— and incorrectly — regarded as marking the turning point between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean (Technically, the division between the two oceans lies further south-east... August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ...

Hartog's course across the Indian Ocean was a much more southerly one than the route usually followed by such voyages in that time. It made use of the prevailing westerly winds at those latitudes known as the "Roaring Forties", a route which had been pioneered a few years earlier by the Dutch navigator Hendrik Brouwer, who had noted it to be a faster way to reach Java. By this time, the VOC had instructed its captains to take advantage of this route, which could reduce the overall travelling time from Europe by a good six months. However, usually the intention was to change heading northwards at a more westerly longitude than the Eendracht was to do. Whether Hartog had intended to maintain such a southerly course for so long via this route, or was perhaps blown a little off course, is not clear. The Roaring Forties is a name given, especially by sailors, to the latitudes between 40° and 50°, so called because of the boisterous and prevailing westerly winds. ... Hendrick Brouwer (1580 - 1643) was a Dutch sea explorer. ... Map of Java Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia, and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ... Map of Earth showing lines of longitude, which appear curved and vertical in this projection, but are actually halves of great circles Longitude, sometimes denoted by the Greek letter λ, describes the location of a place on Earth east or west of a north-south line called the Prime Meridian. ...

Landfall in Australia

After approximately two months at sea, on October 25 Hartog and the Eendracht unexpectedly sighted land — "various islands, which were, however, found uninhabited" —, at a latitude around 26° South. These islands and the nearby land were previously unknown to Europeans, and unwittingly the Eendracht had become the second recorded European ship to visit the continent of Australia, having been preceded (albeit, on the opposite side of the continent) 10 years earlier by Willem Janszoon and the Duyfken when they sailed along and (briefly) landed on the western shores of the Cape York Peninsula. October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 67 days remaining. ... Latitude, sometimes denoted by the Greek letter φ, gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the Equator. ... Willem Jansz (c. ... Duyfken Duyfken (little dove in English) was a small Dutch ship that sailed from the Indonesian island of Banda in 1606 in search of gold and trade opportunities on Nova Guinea (now Papua New Guinea). ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula, in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ...

Hartog and crew made landfall on the island, now known as Dirk Hartog Island which lies off Shark Bay in Western Australia. This was to be the first recorded landing on the western coastline by a European. The island was uninhabited, and Hartog spent three days there, finding nothing of great interest or value to him or his company. Dirk Hartogs plate in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Dirk Hartog Island, an island off the coast of Western Australia, was discovered in October 1616 by the Dutch sea captain Dirk Hartog, who was blown off course while sailing from Cape Town to Batavia (Jakarta). ... Shark Bay Shark Bay is a locality in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. ... Motto: Cygnis Insignis (Distinguished by its swans) Nickname: Wildflower State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Governor Premier Const. ...

Before departing on October 27, Hartog left behind a pewter plate affixed to a post set in a rock cleft (now called Cape Inscription), upon which he had inscribed the following brief account of his visit: October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... Pewter plate Pewter is a metal alloy, traditionally between 85 and 96 percent tin, and the rest copper and/or lead. ...

• 1616 On 25 October arrived the ship Eendracht, of Amsterdam: Supercargo Gilles Miebais of Liege, skipper Dirch Hatichs of Amsterdam. on 27 d[itt]o. she set sail again for Bantam. Deputy supercargo Jan Stins, upper steersman Pieter Doores of Bil. In the year 1616.

This object, now known as the Hartog plate, is the oldest known written artefact from Australia's European history. It lay unmolested in situ for a further eighty years, until it was re-discovered half-buried (the post had rotted away) by a Dutch expedition of three ships under the command of the Flemish captain Willem de Vlamingh in 1697. de Vlamingh had earlier explored Rottnest Island and the Swan River (later to be the site of the city of Perth), and had been making his way up the western coast of Australia. He replaced the Hartog plate with one of his own, onto which he copied Hartog's original inscription and added an account of his own landing, installing it in the same spot nailed to a cypress pine trunk taken from Rottnest. Hartog's original plate returned with de Vlamingh later to Amsterdam, where it has remained. It is currently on display in the Rijksmuseum. Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen) are inhabitants of Flanders (the northern half of Belgium), the present-day French département of Nord and the southern part of the Dutch province of Zeeland known as Zeeuws-Vlaanderen. ... Willem de Vlamingh (born 28 November 1640, died ?) was a Dutch sailor who explored the southwest coast of Australia (then New Holland) in the late 17th Century. ... Events September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher Polhem starts Swedens first technical school. ... Bathurst Lighthouse and Thompson Bay Rottnest Island (32°00′ S 115°36′ E) is an island located 9 nautical miles off the coast of Western Australia, near Fremantle. ... View from Kings Park over Perth Water Location of the Swan River, with Canning River in light blue The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ... Perth is the capital city of Western Australia. ... Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 739,295 (1 January 2005) Coordinates 4°54E - 52°22N Website www. ... The Rijksmuseum Rembrandt van Rijn: The Night Watch 1642 Johannes Vermeer: Milkmaid 1658-1660 Frans Hals: Portrait of a Young Couple The Rijksmuseum (IPA: ; Dutch for State Museum) is the national museum of the Netherlands, located in Amsterdam on the Museumplein. ...

Charting the coast of western Australia

After leaving the island, the Eendracht sailed northwards along the western Australian coastline, Hartog charting as he went. He gave this coast the name t'Landt van d'Eendracht or "Eendracht's Land", after his ship. When later on this name and information began to appear on subsequent charts, replacing the former mythical and postulated lands of Terra Australis (South Land) and Nova Hollandia (New Holland), considerable further interest by parties such as the VOC was aroused. This gave further impetus to explore this region in the hope of something notable or exploitable. Hartog himself did not note anything which might be of use, making no further landfalls or contact with the Australian Aborigine inhabitants of the land. Australian Aborigines are the main indigenous people of Australia. ...

The Eendracht continued along the coast to about 22° South lat., thereafter heading northwards across the Timor Sea. She arrived safely at Batavia harbour on December 14, 1616. The Timor Sea is the stretch of the Pacific Ocean situated between the island of Timor, now split between the states of Indonesia and East Timor, and the Northern Territory of Australia. ... December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Return voyage to Holland

The Eendracht remained in the East Indies for about a year, possibly engaging in local commercial ventures.

On December 17, 1617 she again set sail for the return voyage home, leaving the port of Bantam and bound for Zeeland in Holland, with Dirk Hartog again as her master. December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed I (1603-1617) to Mustafa I (1617-1623). ... The city of Bantam near the western end of Java was a strategically important site and formerly a major trading city, with a secure harbor on the Malacca Strait through which all ocean-going traffic passed, at the mouth of a river (Cibantam River) that provided a navigable passage for... Location of Zeeland in the Netherlands Zeeland is a province of the Netherlands. ...

This voyage proved to be relatively uneventful, and she arrived back in Holland on October 16, 1618 after a period of some ten months at sea. October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in Leap years). ... Events March 8 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but on May 15 confirms the discovery). ...

Captain Hartog left the service of the VOC shortly after the return, to resume private trading ventures in the Baltic. He died a few years later.

Second voyage to the East Indies

On May 13, 1619 the Eendracht again left port at Texel, bound a second time for Batavia and the East Indies, this time under a different (unknown?) captain. She rounded the Cape of Good Hope on November 26, and reached her destination on March 22, 1620 without recorded incident, a journey of some ten months. May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... November 26 is the 330th day (331st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... March 22 is the 81st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (82nd in Leap years). ... Events September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. ...

Shipwreck

She apparently remained in the East Indies, until May 13, 1622, where on a local trading voyage she is recorded as having been wrecked and lost off the western coast of Ambon Island in the central Moluccas. She had aboard a cargo of coins, and her wreck has not been recovered. May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... In British usage, a shipwreck is the remains of a ship after it has sunk or been beached as a result of a crisis at sea. ... Ceram and Ambon Islands (Operational Navigation Chart, 1967) Not for navigational use Ambon City in 2001, showing heavy damage from fighting Ambon Island is part of the Maluku Islands of Indonesia. ... This page is about the geography and history of the island group in Indonesia — for the political entities encompassing the islands, see Maluku (Indonesian province) and North Maluku. ...

References

Captain Dirck Hartogh. VOC Historical Society.  URL accessed on July 8, 2005. July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 176 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Eendracht. Ships of the World, an Historical Encyclopaedia.  URL accessed on July 8, 2005. July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 176 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

VOC-schip Eendracht 1615. VOCsite nl.  URL accessed on July 8, 2005. (in Dutch) July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 176 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...