Effector cells are a type of lymphocyte that are actively engaged in secreting antibodies. The clonal selection theory stipulates that when naïve cells encounter antigens for the first time, they are stimulated to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells and memory cells. Lymphocyte (stained) A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell involved in the human bodys immune system. ... Schematic of antibody binding to an antigen An antibody is a protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses. ... The clonal selection theory has become a widely accepted model for how the immune system responds to infection and how certain types of B and T lymphocytes are selected for destruction of specific antigens invading the body. ... An antigen is a substance that stimulates an immune response, especially the production of antibodies. ...
DPP 8 and DPP 9 reside within the cell, and Point's preclinical research has indicated that these DPPs are likely to be involved in the induction of IL-1β by talabostat in monocytes and macrophages, which are naturally occurring immune effectorcell types involved in the body’s anti-tumor attack.
This mechanism is called ADCC because, unless bridged to the tumor by rituximab, the immune effectorcells are much less able to kill the tumor cells.
Talabostat appears, therefore, to have the ability to increase both the frequency and activity of immune effectorcells involved in the ADCC mechanism of rituximab.
Effectorcells (PBMC isolated from HIV patients and normal controls) are stimulated with PMA (25 ng/ml) and calcium ionophore (50ng/ml), and rIL-2 (20U/ml) are incubated at 37°C, 5% CO for a period of 7 days for CTL induction.
Annexin V/7-ADD expression reflected cell death among the PKH67 stained target cells and the percentage of effectorcells stained with PE conjugated anti Granzyme B reflected the increased cytotoxic activity as the ratio of effector to target cells increases.
PBMC effectorcells and the PKH67 labelled target cells are mixed at E:T ratios of 1:1, 10:1, 25:1, and 50:1 (shown in table 1) and incubated together at 37°C, 5% CO for 4 hours.
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