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Egyptian National Railways (ENR) is the national railway of Egypt and managed by the parastatal Egyptian Railway Authority (ERA).
History
Already in 1833 Pasha Mohammad Ali consulted with Thomas Gallway about building a railway between Suez and Cairo to facilitate transit between Europe and India. Muhammad Ali had already bought the rail when the project was abandoned due to pressure by the French who had an interest in building a canal instead. The Suez Canal was eventually completed in 1869. After Mohamed Ali’s death Abbas I contracted with Robert Stephenson to link Alexandria and Cairo by rail. The first part of this railway between Alexandria and Kafer Eassa was opened in 1854, and the line was completed two years later representing the first railroad in Africa and in the Middle East.[1] 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish: paÅŸa; originally from Persian padshah or padeshah meaning king) was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors and generals. ...
Muhammad `AlÄ« Muhammad Ali Pasha (Arabic: Ù…Øمد علي باشا) or Mehmet Ali PaÅŸa (Kavalalı Mehmet Ali PaÅŸa) in Turkish (c. ...
SUEZ (Euronext: SZE, NYSE: SZE) is a leading French-based multinational corporation, with operations primarily in water, electricity and natural gas supply, and waste management. ...
Cairo Minarets Cairo (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: , transl. ...
1881 drawing of the Suez Canal. ...
1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...
Abbas I (Arabic: عباس الأول ) (1913-1854), Pasha of Egypt, was a son of Tusun Pasha and grandson of Mehmet Ali, founder of the reigning dynasty of Egypt at the time. ...
Statue of Robert Stephenson at Euston Station, London Robert Stephenson FRS (October 16, 1803–October 12, 1859) was an English civil engineer. ...
For other uses, see Alexandria (disambiguation). ...
Cairo Minarets Cairo (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: , transl. ...
1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...
For other uses, see Africa (disambiguation). ...
A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...
The Imbaba bridge was constructed in 1891 to allow trains to cross the Nile near Cairo, a key step to connect Lower and Upper Egypt.[1] The contemporary Imbaba bridge was erected in 1924 and represents the only railway crossing of the Nile in Cairo. The El Ferdan Railway Bridge rebuilt in 2001 is the largest swing bridge in the world and crosses the Suez Canal. Imbaba is a city in northern Egypt, it is the part of Cairo conurbation. ...
1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
The El Ferdan Railway Bridge is a swing bridge that spans the Suez Canal near Ismailia, Egypt. ...
2001: A Space Odyssey. ...
A swing bridge is a bridge that has as its primary structural support a vertical locating pin and support ring at or near to its center, about which it can then pivot horizontally as shown in the animated illustration below. ...
Operations In 2005 ENR operated 5,063 km of rail using standard gauge of 1435 mm. This is the same gauge as used by neighboring Libya and Israel.[2] In the South the railway system of Sudan operates on a narrow gauge. Rail service is a critical part of the transportation infrastructure of the country but of limited service for transit. As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ...
The vast majority of engines are diesel-driven. Sixty-three km are electrified, namely commuter lines between Cairo-Hulwan and Cairo-Heliopolis.[2] While ENR purchases engines and rail abroad, passenger wagons are built and refurbished in Egypt by the Societe General Egyptienne de Materiel des Chemins de Fer (SEMAF).[3] Hulwan, also spelled Helwan or Hilwan is a southern suburb of Cairo in Egypt on the bank of the Nile river, with a population (1989 estimate) 230,000. ...
Heliopolis (Greek Ἡλίου πόλις) was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian nome. ...
Cargo volume transported by ENR is about 12 million ton annually.[3]
Passenger trains ER is the backbone of passenger transportation in Egypt with 800 million passenger miles annually.[3] Air-conditioned passenger trains usually have 1st and 2nd class service, while non-airconditioned trains will have 2nd and 3rd class. Most of the network connects the densely populated area of the Nile delta with Cairo and Alexandria as hubs. Train fares in commuter trains and 3rd class passenger trains are kept low as a social service. NASA satellite photograph of the Nile Delta The Nile Delta is the delta formed in Northern Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. ...
Sleeper trains The Alexandria-Cairo-Luxor-Aswan link is served daily in both directions by air-conditioned sleeper trains of Abela Egypt.[4] This service is especially attractive to tourists who can spend the night on the train as it covers the stretch between Cairo and Luxor A luxury express train also connects Cairo with Marsa Matruh towards the Lybian border. A tourist boat travels the River Seine in Paris, France Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. ...
Marsa Matruh (Arabic (known in Ptolomaic and Byzantine times as Paraitonion (ΠαÏαιτόνιον)) is a seaport in Egypt. ...
Bus & ferry services ENR serves a number of places by bus services including Abu Simbel (bus/ferry), Sharm el Sheik, Siwa oasis, and Hurghada. Model showing the relative positions of the Abu Simbel temples before and after relocation Categories: Ancient Egypt stubs | Wonders of the World ...
Sharm el-Sheikh is a city situated on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, on the coastal strip between the Red Sea and Mount Sinai. ...
Siwa may refer to: The Siwa Oasis in Egypt 140 Siwa, an asteroid Siwa is a Slavic goddess of fertility. ...
A protectorate Island (Maymya)in Hurghada Main street of a bazaar at El Dahar, downtown part of Hurghada A mosque at El Nasr Way in Dahar Hurghada (ar. ...
Railway museum The Egyptian Railway Museum was founded in 1933 and chronicles the history and development of the ENR. It is located near the Ramses Station in Cairo.[1]
Accidents These recent accidents have been preceded by a long line of other fatal accidents for more than a decade:[5] February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...
22 February 2002: In Egypt at 2 a. ...
August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
- 1992 head on collision at Al-Badrashin: 43 deaths
- 1993 collison: 40 deaths
- 1994 collision: more than 40 deaths
- 1995 3 major accidents: collision with bus: 11 fatalities; Qiwisna accident: 49 deaths; Beni Sweif accident: 75 deaths
- 1997 2 major accidents, one with 14, the other 7 fatalities
- 1998 accident at Kafr Al-Dawar: "dozens" dead
- 1999 accident: 10 deaths
- 2000 accident: 9 deaths
1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...
1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...
1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal. // Events January Bill Clinton January 1 : North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect. ...
1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...
1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
This article is about the year 2000. ...
Problems The debacle of the 2002 Al Ayyat train disaster showed significant deficiencies in the status and maintenance of the equipment. In the aftermath the ERA initiated a program to update equipment and improve safety.[3] While some services have been privatized (i.e food service, sleeper trains), ENR is considering further steps in privatization to increase effiency and improve service. In addition ENR has dormant real estate holding that it plans to utilize in a more profitable way.
The 2006 Qalyoub rail crash led to further criticism of the management of the ENR raising issues of underfunding and corruption.[6] The head of the ERA, Hanafy Abdel-Qawi, was dismissed one day after the accident.[7]
Major stations Most major lines originate from Ramses Station, Cairo or Misr Station, Alexandria: A station in Cairo named after Ramses. ...
Cairo Minarets Cairo (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: , transl. ...
For other uses, see Alexandria (disambiguation). ...
The Great Sphinx of Giza with Khafres pyramid in the background. ...
The River Nile at Luxor Pharaonic statue in Luxor Temple Hot-air ballooning in Luxor Luxor (Arabic: الأقصر ) is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt and the capital of the Al Uqsur governorate, population approximately 200,000. ...
The front of the Edfu Temple The first pylon at Edfu Temple Statue of Horus, Edfu Temple Edfu (also spelt Idfu or in modern French as Edfou and known in antiquity as Behdet) is an Egyptian city, located on the west bank of the River Nile between Esna and Aswan...
Aswan (Arabic: أسوان AswÄn) (, population 200,000) is a city in the south of Egypt, the capital of the Aswan Governorate. ...
Port Said (postcard around 1915) Port Said (31. ...
SUEZ (Euronext: SZE, NYSE: SZE) is a leading French-based multinational corporation, with operations primarily in water, electricity and natural gas supply, and waste management. ...
Damietta is a port in Dumyat, Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea at the Nile delta, about 200 kilometres north of Cairo. ...
El Alamein is a town in northern Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea coast. ...
Marsa Matruh (Arabic (known in Ptolomaic and Byzantine times as Paraitonion (ΠαÏαιτόνιον)) is a seaport in Egypt. ...
References - ^ a b c History, accessed August 21, 2006
- ^ a b CIA factbook, accessed August 21, 2006
- ^ a b c d Strategies to improve safety, accessed August 21, 2006
- ^ Abela sleeper trains, accessed August 21, 2006
- ^ Fatemah Farag (2002-02-28). One Way Ticket. Al-Ahram.
- ^ Egypt's Minister Admits Railway Problems, accessed=2006-08-29
- ^ National Rail Head fired over Train Tragedy The Daily Star, Egypt (2006-08-23), accessed 2006-08-30
See also Transport facilities in Egypt are centered in Cairo and largely follow the pattern of settlement along the Nile. ...
External links - Map of System
- Unofficial website with galleries
- Abela sleeper trains
- About the Egyptian Railway Museum
- Mike’s Railway History: Egypt 1935
- Time tables
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