Mali is bordered on the north by Algeria, on the east and southeast by Niger, on the south by Burkina Faso and Côte dIvoire, and on the west by Guinea, Senegal, and Mauritania.
Malis industries are mainly limited to the processing of farm commodities, construction, and the manufacture of basic consumer goods.
The medieval empire of Mali was a powerful state and one of the worlds chief gold suppliers; it attained its peak in the early 14th cent.
Mali's economic development is also held back by a chronic foreign trade deficit, making it heavily dependent on foreign aid and the money sent home from emigrants working abroad.
Under Mali's 1992 constitution, a president is elected for a five year term as chief of state and commander in chief of the armed forces.
Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert.