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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electrical sciences which studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy with reference to the unwanted effects that such an energy may induce. To this purpose, the goal of EMC is the correct operation, in the same electromagnetic environment, of different equipment which involve electromagnetic phenomena in their operation.
In order to achieve such an objective, EMC pursues different issues: emission issues, in particular, are related to the reduction of unintentional generation of electromagnetical energy and/or to the countermeasures which should be taken in order to avoid the propagation of such an energy towards the external environment, susceptibility or immunity issues, instead, refer to the correct operation of electrical equipment in the presence of electromagnetic disturbances.
Noise mitigation and hence electromagnetic compatibility is achieved by addressing both emission and susceptibility issues, i.e., quieting the sources of interference, making the disturbance propagation path less efficient, and making the potentially victim systems less vulnerable.
When the propagation of electromagnetic disturbances in guiding structures, i.e. conductors, transmission lines, wires, cables, printed circuit board (PCB) traces, is by a guided propagation mechanism, conducted emission and susceptibility issues are considered, whereas, when open-space propagation of electromagnetic disturbances is addressed, the point of focus becomes radiated emission and susceptibility phenomena.
History
In the past, outside of the military field, EMC was not of paramount importance to equipment manufacturers and there was a relaxed EMC regime. However, because of the proliferation of the clocks that synchronize modern digital circuits, the concomitant increase in their switching speeds, and the lower voltages they began using, EMC increasingly became a source of concern.
Many nations became aware of EMC as a growing problem and issued directives to the manufacturers of digital electronic equipment, which set out the essential manufacturer requirements before their equipment could be marketed or sold. Organizations in each nation were set up to draw up and safeguard these directives.
Regulatory agencies and organizations Among the more well known national organizations are:
The Federal Communications Commission for the United States; CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation or European Committee for Standardization); CENELEC (Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechniques or European Committee for Standardization); ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) for Europe; and BSI (British Standards Institution) for Britain. The FCCs official seal. ...
CEN, the European Committee for Standardization, is a private non-profit organization whose mission is to foster the European economy in global trading, the welfare of European citizens and the environment by providing an efficient infrastructure to interested parties for the development, maintenance and distribution of coherent sets of standards...
CENELEC (French: Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique) is the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization. ...
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is a standardization organization of the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, with worldwide projection. ...
BSI Kite Mark Logo - Made up of the letters B & S BSI British Standards is a division of BSI Group which also includes BSI Management Systems, a management systems registrar and BSI Product Services, a testing organisation. ...
There are also several international organizations who try "to promote international co-operation on all questions of standardization" (harmonization), including EMC standards. In international law, harmonisation refers to the process by which different states adopt the same laws. ...
The most important international organization is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which has several committees working full time on EMC issues. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is an international standards organization dealing with electrical, electronic and related technologies. ...
These are Technical Committee 77 ("TC77") working on "electromagnetic compatibility between equipment including networks", and the CISPR (Comité international spécial des perturbations radioélectriques or International Special Committee on Radio Interference). The Special International Comittee on Radio Interference (abbreviated CISPR from the French name of the organization, Comité international spécial des perturbations radioélectriques) is concerned with developing norms for detecting, measuring and comparing electromagnetic interference in electric devices. ...
Co-ordination of the IEC's work on EMC between these committees is the responsibility of the ACEC, the advisory committee on EMC.
See also // The term electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is used in the field of electrical engineering and is the ability of an electrical device to work satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without influencing the surrounding devices. ...
Spread-spectrum telecommunications is a technique in which a signal is transmitted in a bandwidth considerably greater than the frequency content of the original information. ...
The following list outlines a number of EMC standards and directives which are known at the time of writing to be either available or have been made available for public comment. ...
Notable Personalities in Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) include: Chris Kendall [1] W.Michael King [2] Henry W. Ott [3] Shirish Shah [4] Doug Smith [5] Categories: | | | ...
Television interference (TVI) is a term for anything which interfers with the viewing of a TV signal, while does not include the interferance to ones pleasure caused by things such ones dog barking during a TV show it does include a series of things which can adversely affect the...
// In traditional electromagnetic aware device design only hardware measures (e. ...
// Emission considerations require the evaluation of many details such as the clock frequencies and switching rates which are related to the oscillator. ...
// For devices containing a microconroller the design of firmware impacts the EMC performance of the system. ...
LISN is an abbreviation for Line Impedance Stabilisation Network. A LISN is a device to measure electromagnetic interference especially conducted interference voltage. ...
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