Electromagnetic interaction is a fundamental force of nature and is felt by charged leptons and quarks. Its exchange particle is the photon (symbol γ) and the many forms of electromagnetic radiation are a manifestation of this interaction. A fundamental interaction is a mechanism by which particles interact with each other, and which cannot be explained by another more fundamental interaction. ... A lepton is also a unit of currency. ... For other uses of this term, see: Quark (disambiguation) 1974 discovery photograph of a possible charmed baryon, now identified as the Σc++ In particle physics, the quarks are subatomic particles thought to be elemental and indivisible. ... In particle physics, the quantum field theory called the Standard Model describes the strong, weak and electromagnetic fundamental forces. ... In physics, the photon (from Greek φοτος, meaning light) is a quantum of excitation of the quantised electromagnetic field and is one of the elementary particles studied by quantum electrodynamics (QED) which is the oldest part of the Standard Model of particle physics. ... Electromagnetic radiation or EM radiation is a combination (cross product) of oscillating electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other, moving through space as a wave, effectively transporting energy and momentum. ...

Rutherford scattering showed that the electromagnetic field has a greater range than the weak or strong fields due to the photons having no mass, and travelling at the speed of light. The fact that photons have no mass makes them easy to produce, and charged particles usually interact electromagnetically before other fields have a chance to operate. Rutherford scattering is a phenomenon that was observed by Ernest Rutherford in 1911 that led to the development of the orbital theory of the atom. ... An electromagnetic field is composed of two related vectorial fields, the electric field and the magnetic field. ... The weak nuclear force or weak interaction is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. ... The strong nuclear force or strong interaction (also called color force or colour force) is a fundamental force of nature which affects only quarks and antiquarks, and is mediated by gluons in a similar fashion to how the electromagnetic force is mediated by photons. ... Mass is a property of physical objects that, roughly speaking, measures the amount of matter they contain. ... Cherenkov effect in a swimming pool nuclear reactor. ...

Electromagnetic interactions are long range attractions or repulsions between any particles or antiparticles that have charge. If the particles are attracted they stay together, because there is a continual exchange of photons.

See also: particle physics, electromagnetism Particles explode from the collision point of two relativistic velocity (100 GeV) gold ions in the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. ... Electromagnetism is the physics of the electromagnetic field: a field, encompassing all of space, composed of the electric field and the magnetic field. ...