Electromagnetic Propulsion using the concepts and applications of electromagnets. Technologies that make use of such applications include magnetic levitation technologies, including the MagLev train, railguns, and even electromagnetic motors to some degree (though more use is made of the motor principle derived from electromagnets). An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is induced by a flow of electric current. ... Magnetic levitation is the process by which an object is suspended above another object with no other support but magnetic fields. ... A prototype railgun A railgun is a form of gun that converts electrical energy into projectile kinetic energy, rather than the more conventional chemical energy from an explosive propellant. ...

The concept of electromagnetic propulsion is no simpler than in a simple railgun: a (preferably soft) iron core is inserted into a coil. When a diamagnetic metallic torus is placed around the core, because it cannot be magnetized, its atoms become agitated, current is produced in it (thereby producing a magnetic field), and the electromagnet produces an opposing field (in accordance with Lenz's law and the law of the conservation of energy). Because of this opposition, the ring is fired off of the electromagnet, propelling it away. Properties For alternative meanings see atom (disambiguation). ... Current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field (M) around the wire. ... Lenzs law gives the direction of the induced emf resulting from electromagnetic induction, thus: Contributedbypang2005 Lenzs law is consistent with the principle of conservation of energy. ... Conservation of energy (the first law of thermodynamics) is one of several conservation laws. ...

(Note that if the torus (or ring) is prevented from escaping the magnetic field, due to the induced current, it will become very hot. This is how induction stoves work.) Geometry In geometry, a torus (pl. ... Current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field (M) around the wire. ...