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An Electrostatic Analyzer or ESA is an instrument used in ion optics that uses electric or magnetic fields to allows passage of ions or electrons of a certain energy, usually focusing them to a smaller area. They are typically used in space instrumentation to limit the energy range of particles being detected for scientific measurements. The closest analogue in photon optics is a filter. Ion optics involves the focusing of plasmas and ion streams, usually in Mass spectrometry. ...
It has been suggested that optical field be merged into this article or section. ...
The name Magnetic Fields has been used by: A 1981 album by Jean Michel Jarre; see Magnetic Fields (album) (Les Chants Magnetiques) A computer game developer; see Magnetic Fields (computer game developer) The Magnetic Fields, a band led by Stephin Merritt For magnetic fields in general, see magnetic field. ...
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Properties The electron (also called negatron, commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ...
Table of Opticks, 1728 Cyclopaedia Optics ( appearance or look in ancient Greek) is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter. ...
Coloured and Neutral Density filters An optical filter is a device which selectively transmits light having certain properties (often, a particular range of wavelengths, that is, range of colours of light, or polarizations), while blocking the remainder. ...
Radial Cylindrical Analyzer
Electrostatic analyzers are designed in different configurations. A simple version is a radial cylindrical analyzer, which consists of two curved parallel plates at different potentials. Ions or electrons enter the analyzer at one end and either pass through the other end or collide with the walls of the analyzer, depending on their initial energy. In these types of analyzers, only the radial component of the velocity of a charged particle is changed by an ESA since the potential on the plates only varies in the radial direction if one considers the geometry in cylindrical coordinates. Poisson's Equation can be then used to calculate the magnitude of the electric field pointing radially inwards. The resultant inward-pointing force generated by this electric field will cause the particles' trajectories to curve in a uniform circular motion. Depending on initial energy (velocity), only certain particles will therefore have the "correct" motion to exit the analyzer by tracing its physical structure, while others will collide into the walls of the instrument. In addition to the energy, the angle of entry will also have an impact on the particles' time-of-flight through the analyzer as well as exit angle. A radial is a line drawn along a vector. ...
In mathematics, Poissons equation is a partial differential equation with broad utility in electrostatics, mechanical engineering and theoretical physics. ...
In practice, the plates are usually oppositely charged and at very high potentials. Also, the inner surface of the analyzer, usually made of aluminum for space missions, is sometimes plated with black chrome or even ebonol to absorb stray light, instead of allowing it to bounce its way through. This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
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ESAs are usually designed and analyzed using an off-the-shelf ion optics simulation software package such as SimIon. Design is aided by the ability to perform Monte Carlo simulations with test particles which allows for a better understanding of the response of the analyzer. Monte Carlo methods are a widely used class of computational algorithms for simulating the behavior of various physical and mathematical systems, and for other computations. ...
Use in Space Instrumentation Electrostatic Analyzers have been used in the following space instruments or missions: Cassini-Huygens is a joint NASA/ESA/ASI unmanned space mission intended to study Saturn and its moons. ...
IBEX is a satellite that will make the first map of the boundary between the Solar System and interstellar space. ...
The Mariner 10 probe. ...
New Horizons is a NASA unmanned mission to fly by Pluto and its moons. ...
Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9 were all part of the Pioneer program, and together formed a series of solar-orbiting, spin-stabilized, solar-cell and battery-powered satellites designed to obtain measurements on a continuing basis of interplanetary phenomena from widely separated points in space. ...
Ranger 1 was a spacecraft in the Ranger program whose primary mission was to test the performance of those functions and parts necessary for carrying out subsequent lunar and planetary missions. ...
THEMIS in orbit THEMIS is a constellation of NASA satellites to study substorms, a magnetic phenomenon that intensifies auroras near Earths poles. ...
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