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The Straight-tusked Elephant (Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus or Palaeoloxodon antiquus) is an extinct species of elephant closely related to the living Asian Elephant. It inhabited Europe during the Middle and Late Pleistocene (781,000–11,550 years before present). Some experts regard the smaller Asian species E. namadicus, as a variant or subspecies of this one. The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ...
An ammonite fossil Eocene fossil fish of the genus Knightia Petrified wood fossil formed through permineralization. ...
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Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicates Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with...
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Groups Jozaria (extinct) Anthracobunidae (extinct) Moeritheriidae (extinct) Euproboscidea Numidotheriidae (extinct) Barytheriidae (extinct) Deinotheriidae (extinct) Elephantiformes Phiomiidae (extinct) Palaeomastodontidae (extinct) Hemimastodontidae (extinct) Euelephantoidea Choerolophodontidae (extinct) Amebelodontidae (extinct) Gnathabelodontidae (extinct) Gomphotheriidae (extinct) Elephantidae Mammutidae (extinct) Proboscidea is an order containing only one family of living animals, Elephantidae, the elephants, with three species...
Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Proboscidea is an order including only one extant family, Elephantidae or the elephants, with three species: the Savannah Elephant and Forest Elephant (which were collectively known as the African Elephant), and the Asian Elephant (formerly known as the Indian...
Species E. maximus E. recki (extinct) The Elephas genus contains only one surviving member, the Asian Elephant Another species, , once lived in Africa, but has since become extinct. ...
Species Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) cypriotes Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) falconeri Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) naumanni others Palaeoloxodon is an extinct subgenus of straight-tusked elephant. ...
In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ...
Falconer can refer to the following: A falconer is someone skilled in the art of Falconry. ...
1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus †Elephas beyeri †Elephas celebensis †Elephas cypriotes †Elephas ekorensis †Elephas falconeri †Elephas iolensis †Elephas planifrons †Elephas platycephalus †Elephas recki †Stegodon †Mammuthus †Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea...
Binomial name Elephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758 Asian Elephant range The Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus), sometimes known by the name of its nominate subspecies (the Indian Elephant), is one of the three living species of elephant, and the only living species of the genus Elephas. ...
World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ...
The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) is part of the geologic timescale. ...
The creature was 3.70 m (12 ft) tall and had long, slightly upward-curving tusks. E. antiquus's legs were slightly longer than those of modern elephants. It is suggested that this elephant had a 80 cm long tongue that could be projected a short distance from the mouth to grasp leaves and grasses. With this tongue along with a flexible trunk, straight-tusked elephants could graze or browse on Pleistocene foliage about 8 meters above ground.
Straight-tusked elephants lived in small herds of about 5 to 15 individuals. They preferred warm conditions and flourished in the interglacial periods during the Ice Ages, spreading from continental Europe to Britain during the warmer periods. During colder periods the species migrated south. It became extinct in Britain by the beginning of the last ice age, about 115,000 years ago. Eventually it was replaced by the mammoth. Species Mammuthus africanavus African mammoth Mammuthus columbi Columbian mammoth Mammuthus exilis Pygmy mammoth Mammuthus jeffersonii Jeffersonian mammoth Mammuthus trogontherii Steppe mammoth Mammuthus meridionalis Mammuthus primigenius Woolly mammoth Mammuthus lamarmorae Sardinian Dwarf Mammoth A mammoth is any of a number of an extinct genus of proboscidean (of which the elephant remains...
Excavations  A skull of Elephas antiquus. Finds of isolated tusks are relatively common in the United Kingdom. For example a tusk of this elephant was found during the construction of the Swan Valley Community School in Swanscombe. However, finds of whole or partial skeletons of this elephant are very rare. Swanscombe is a village, part of the Borough of Dartford on the north Kent coast in England. ...
Skeleton finds in the United Kingdom are known from only a few sites. Two sites were found in the Lower Thames basin, one at Upnor, Kent and one at Aveley, Essex. Archaeological excavations in advance of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link revealed the 400,000 years old skeleton of a straight-tusked elephant in the Ebbsfleet Valley, near Swanscombe, Kent. It was lying at the edge of what would once have been a small lake. Flint tools lay scattered around, suggesting the elephant had been cut up by a tribe of the early humans around at the time, known as Homo heidelbergensis. Several places exist with the name Thames, and the word is also used as part of several brand and company names Most famous is the River Thames in England, on which the city of London stands Other Thames Rivers There is a Thames River in Canada There is a Thames...
Upnor is a small village on the western bank of the River Medway in England. ...
Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ...
Aveley is a place in Thurrock, England. ...
Essex is a county in the East of England. ...
A Eurostar train on the CTRL, near Ashford Model showing the current redevelopment of the Kings Cross area with the new extension to the barrel-vaulted St Pancras Station on the left. ...
Ebbsfleet is the name of two locations in the English county of Kent Ebbsfleet in Gravesham is to the south-west of Northfleet where a Channel Tunnel Rail Link station is currently being built and is due to open in 2007. ...
Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ...
On the European mainland many remains of the straight-tusked elephant have been found. A handful of these sites even contain, besides a skeleton, archaeological material like in the Ebbsfleet Valley (England). A skeleton at Lehreingen (Germany) was found with the remains of a yew spear between it ribs and lithic artifacts around the head. Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification - by Athelstan AD 927 Area - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK) 50,346 sq mi Population - 2006 est. ...
In archaeology, lithic analysis is the analysis of stone tools using basic scientific techniques. ...
Straight-tusked elephant remains have also been found with flint tools at the sites of Torralba and Aridos in Spain, and Notarchirico in Italy. An archaeological site in northern Spain where large mammal remains and stone tools from 400,000 years ago suggest early hominid hunting or scavenging (Park 2005). ...
Dwarfed descendants Elephants presumably derived from the Straight-tusked Elephant are described from many Mediterranean islands, where they evolved into dwarfed elephants. The responsible factors for the dwarfing of island mammals are thought to be the reduction in food availability, predation and competition. This is a list of islands in the Mediterranean // Italian islands Italian Islands Sardinia Sicily Pelagie Islands Lampedusa Linosa Lampione Spanish islands Balearic Islands Ibiza Majorca Menorca Formentera Cabrera Greek islands Greek islands Crete Euboea Kos Rhodes Maltese islands Maltese Islands Comino Cominotto Filfla Gozo Islands of St. ...
Dwarf elephants are pre-historic members of the order Proboscidea, that, through the process of allopatric speciation, evolved to a fraction of the size of their modern relatives. ...
Insular dwarfism is the process and condition of the reduction in size of large animals - almost always mammals - when their gene pool is limited to a very small environment, primarily islands. ...
References - BBC News. 2004. Stone Age elephant remains found. Downloaded at 2 July 2006 from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/kent/3821527.stm.
- BBC News. 2006. Early signs of elephant butchers. Downloaded at 2 July 2006 from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5128892.stm.
- Masseti, M. 1994. On the Pleistocene occurrence of Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus in the Tuscan Archipelago, Northern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Hystni, 5: 101-105. Online pdf
- Shoshani, J., N. Goren-Inbar, R. Rabinovich. 2001. A stylohyoideum of Palaeoloxodon antiquus from Gesher Benot Ya’aqov, Israel: morphology and functional inferences. The World of Elephants - International Congress, Rome 2001. pp 665-667. Online pdf
- Wenban-Smith, F.F. & Bridgland, D.R. 1997. Newly discovered Pleistocene deposits at Swanscombe: an interim report. Lithics 17/18: 3–8.
- Wenban-Smith, F.F. & Bridgland, D.R. 2001. Palaeolithic archaeology at the Swan Valley Community School, Swanscombe, Kent. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 67: 219–259.
- Wenban-Smith, F.F., P. Allen, M. R. Bates, S. A. Parfitt, R. C. Preece, J. R. Stewart, C. Turner, J. E. Whittaker. 2006. The Clactonian elephant butchery site at Southfleet Road, Ebbsfleet, UK. Journal of Quaternary Science. Volume 21, Issue 5, p 471-483.
External Links Japanese Wiki article concerning the E. namadicus naumannni [1] |
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