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Elfego Baca (February 10, 1865–August 27, 1945) was a legendary lawman, lawyer, and politician in the closing days of the American wild west. February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ...
August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ...
Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...
The cowboy, the quintessential symbol of the American Old West. ...
Elfego Baca was born in New Mexico just before the end of the American Civil War. His family later moved to Topeka, Kansas when he was a young child. Upon his mother’s death in 1880, Baca returned with his father to Belen, New Mexico where his father became a marshal. Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area Ranked 5th - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²) - Width 342 miles (550 km) - Length 370 miles (595 km) - % water 0. ...
Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total...
Coordinates: Country United States State Kansas County Shawnee Founded December 5, 1854 Incorporated February 14, 1857 - Mayor Bill Bunten (R) Area - City 147. ...
Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ...
Belen is a city located in Valencia County, New Mexico. ...
In 1884, at age 19, Baca stole some guns, bought a mail-order sheriff’s badge, and more or less appointed himself deputy sheriff in Socorro County, New Mexico. 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Socorro County is a county located in the state of New Mexico, United States. ...
His goal in life was to be a peace officer. He wanted, he said, “the outlaws to hear my steps a block away.” Southwestern New Mexico at the time was still relatively sparsely settled cattle ranching country. Cowboys roamed the land and did as they pleased. They might come into a town, drink at the saloon, harass the local Mexican-Americans, and then shoot up the town out of boredom. Baca meant to put an end to that. For other uses, see Cowboy (disambiguation). ...
The Frisco Shootout
On December 1, 1884, in the town of Frisco (now Reserve), Elfego Baca arrested a carousing cowboy who had actually shot at him. The man’s companions demanded his release, but Baca refused. Following threats from the cowboys, Baca took refuge in the house of Geronimo Armijo. A standoff with the cowboys ensued and some 80 cowboys gathered to attack the house. Allegedly, the cowboys fired more than 4,000 shots into the house, until the adobe building looked like Swiss cheese. Incredibly, not one of the bullets struck Baca. (The floor of the home is said to have been slightly lower than ground level; thus Baca was able to escape injury.) During the siege, Baca shot and killed four of his attackers and wounded eight others. After about 36 hours, the battle ended when the cowboys ran out of ammunition. When they had left, Baca walked out of the house unharmed. December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Reserve is a village located in Catron County, New Mexico. ...
In May 1885, Baca was charged with murder for the death of the one of the cowboys killed in the attack on the cabin. He was jailed to await his trial. In August 1885, Baca was acquitted after the door of Armijo’s house was entered as evidence. It had more than 400 bullet holes in it. The incident became known as the Frisco Shootout. 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
The Frisco Shootout was an Old West gunfight that occurred on December 1st, 1881, involving lawman Elfego Baca. ...
Law and Order Baca officially became the sheriff of Socorro County and secured indictments for the arrest of the area's lawbreakers. Instead of ordering his deputies to pursuing the wanted men, he sent each of the accused a letter. It said, “I have a warrant here for your arrest. Please come in by March 15 and give yourself up. If you don’t, I’ll know you intend to resist arrest, and I will feel justified in shooting you on sight when I come after you.” Most of the offenders turned themselves in voluntarily.
In 1888, Baca became a U.S. Marshal. He served for two years and then began studying law. In December 1894, he was admitted to the bar and joined a Socorro law firm. He practiced law on San Antonio Street in El Paso between 1902 and 1904. 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ...
United States Marshals star badge The United States Marshals Service (USMS) (sometimes incorrectly spelled “Marshals’ Serviceâ€) is an agency within the United States Department of Justice (see 28 U.S.C. § 561) and is a federal police organization with special spheres of authority. ...
A panoramic view of El Paso, Texas from the north. ...
Political Life Baca held a succession of public offices, including county clerk, mayor and school superintendent of Socorro County, and district attorney for Socorro and Sierra Counties. In his book The Shooters, Leon Metz writes that “most reports say he was the best peace officer Socorro ever had.”
From 1913 to 1916, Baca served as the official representative in the U.S. of Victoriano Huerta government during the Mexican Revolution, a post which earned Baca an indictment for criminal conspiracy when Mexican general José Inés Salazar escaped from prison. Successfully defended by the New Mexican lawyer and politician Octaviano Larrazolo, Baca's reputation grew among Southwestern residents. A graphical timeline is available here: Timeline of the Mexican Revolution José Victoriano Huerta Márquez (December 23, 1850 – January 13, 1916) was a Mexican military officer and President of Mexico. ...
This article is about the Mexican Revolution of 1910. ...
In the common law legal system, an indictment (IPA: ) is a formal charge of having committed a most serious criminal offense. ...
Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo (December 7, 1859–April 7, 1930) was the Governor of the State of New Mexico, a United States Senator and a national spokesman for the Latin-American cause in the early 1900s. ...
When New Mexico became a state in 1912, Baca unsuccessfully ran for Congress as a Republican. Nevertheless, he remained a valued political figure because of his ability to turn out the vote among the Hispanic population. Working at times as a private detective, Baca also took a job as a bouncer in a casino across the border in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Congress in Joint Session. ...
The Hispanic world. ...
La Catedral in downtown Ciudad Juárez Ciudad Juárez, or simply Juárez, is a city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua with an estimated population of 1,512,354. ...
Baca worked closely with New Mexico’s longtime Senator Bronson Cutting as a political investigator and wrote a weekly column in Spanish praising Cutting’s work on behalf of local Hispanics. Baca considered running for governor despite his declining health, but he failed to secure the Democratic Party’s nomination for district attorney in 1944. Senator Bronson M. Cutting (1888-1935) was a Progressive Republican politician from New Mexico. ...
Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...
Metz, his biographer, wrote: “Elfego was, and is, controversial. He drank too much; talked too much ... he had a weakness for wild women. He was often arrogant and, of course, he showed no compunction about killing people.” On his 75th birthday, Baca told the Albuquerque Tribune that as a lawyer he had defended 30 people charged with murder, and only one went to the penitentiary.
In July, 1936, several years before his death, Janet Smith conducted an interview with Elfego Baca. Her notes can be found in the Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, WPA Federal Writers’ Project Collection. Baca told Smith, “I never wanted to kill anybody, but if a man had it in his mind to kill me, I made it my business to get him first.” 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
The Great Hall interior. ...
Legends Many legends surround the life of Elfego Baca. One tall tale concerns his mother, Juanita. As the story goes, his mother, while pregnant with Elfego, was playing a softball game known as Las Iglesias. When she went up for a fly ball, out came Elfego and he entered the game!
Another legend says that Baca stole a pistol from Pancho Villa, and the angry Villa put a price of $30,000 on Baca’s head. Obviously, it was never collected. A graphical timeline is available here: Timeline of the Mexican Revolution Doroteo Arango Arámbula (June 5, 1878 – July 23, 1923) — better known as Francisco Villa or, in its diminutive form, Pancho Villa — was one of the foremost leaders of the Mexican Revolution, between 1911 and 1920, and provisional governor...
Elfego Baca lived a remarkable life. Though he died quietly in his bed in 1945 at age 80, he had more brushes with death than most men of any time. Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...
Walt Disney Television Series In 1958, Walt Disney Studios released a television miniseries titled The Nine Lives of Elfego Baca and starring Robert Loggia in the title role. Episodes of the series were later edited into a movie titled Elfego Baca: Six Gun Law, which was released in 1962. Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the company founded by Disney, see The Walt Disney Company. ...
Robert Loggia (born January 3, 1930 in New York City) is an Italian-American character actor. ...
1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ...
See also Baca Family of New Mexico The progenitors of the Baca family of New Mexico were Cristóbal Baca and his wife Ana Ortiz. ...
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