Elián González (born December 6, 1993) was a young boy when his mother escaped from Cuba (which has strict laws forbidding emigration) and floated to Florida. Living with his great-uncle, he soon became the center of a custody and immigration battle between Cuba, the United States government, his father, his Miami relatives and the Cuban community of Miami. The latter two parties wanted him to stay in the United States after he survived an attempt by his mother to emigrate to the United States in November 1999. She and ten others died, leaving Elián to float across the Florida Straits on an inner tube with two other survivors. December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Emigration is the action and the phenomenon of leaving ones native country to settle abroad. ... State nickname: Sunshine State, Everglade State Other U.S. States Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Governor Jeb Bush Official languages English Area 170,451 km² (22nd)  - Land 137,374 km²  - Water 30,486 km² (17. ... Child custody and guardianship are the legal terms used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent and child, including e. ... This article is about the city in Florida. ... This article is about the city in Florida. ... 1999 is a common year starting on Friday of the Common Era, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Categories: Stub | Straits ... Firestone tire A tire (US spelling) or tyre (UK spelling) is a roughly toroidal piece of (usually) rubber placed on a wheel to cushion it. ...

Background

Hostility between Cuba and the United States has been persistent since the Cuban Revolution. Over that period, a considerable number of Cubans have tried to leave for the United States in the hope of greater freedom and better economic conditions. This emigration is illegal under Cuban law. Since the Carter era, US policy has evolved into the current "wet feet, dry feet" rule. If a Cuban refugee is picked up at sea or walking toward shore, he will be repatriated by force (i.e., sent back to Cuba against his will). If he can make it to shore ("dry feet"), he is permitted to make a case for political asylum. The Cuban Revolution was the overthrow of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista by the 26th of July Movement and the establishment of a new government led by Fidel Castro in the 1950s. ... Order: 39th President Vice President: Walter Mondale Term of office: January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981 Preceded by: Gerald Ford Succeeded by: Ronald Reagan Date of birth: October 1, 1924 Place of birth: Plains, Georgia First Lady: Rosalynn Carter Political party: Democratic James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Sunset at sea Wiktionary has a definition of: Sea Wiktionary has a definition of: maritime A sea is a large expanse of saline water connected with an ocean, or a large, usually saline, lake that lacks a natural outlet such as the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea. ... Beach A beach or strand is a geological formation consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, shingle, cobble, or even shell along the shoreline of a body of water. ... Repatriation (from late Latin repatriare - to restore someone to his homeland) is a term frequently used to describe the process of return of refugees to their homes, most notably after a war. ... Power lines leading to a trash dump hover just overhead in El Carpio, a Nicaraguan refugee camp in Costa Rica Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her...

Under a 1995 migration accord with Cuba, Cubans who make it to United States soil are generally allowed to remain in the country. However, Elián was rescued at sea by two fisherman who then gave him to the United States Coast Guard. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) released Elián to his great uncle, Lazaro. INS officials told reporters neither they nor the State Department had any legal say in the matter. It was demanded that the boy be returned to Cuba to the care of his father, touching off the firestorm that ended only when Elián was taken at gunpoint by federal agents who forcibly entered his great-uncle's house. Elian was flown back to Havana with his father, Juan Miguel González Quintana, Juan Miguel's wife and their son, and a cousin, on June 28, 2000. 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... all fishermen love free haircuts ... Coast Guard shield The United States Coast Guard is the coast guard of the United States. ... The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was a part of the United States Department of Justice which used to handle legal and illegal immigration and naturalization; now known as INS (Legacy). ... The United States Department of State, often referred to as the State Department, is the Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the United States government, equivalent to foreign ministries in other countries. ... Havana (Spanish: San Cristóbal de La Habana) is the capital of Cuba and, with a population of 2. ... (Some entries on this page have been duplicated on August 1. ... 2000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Elián's mother, Elizabet, apparently took him without Juan Miguel's knowledge, so in addition to the case's refugee overtones, it was also a child custody battle. The debate was whether U.S. immigration laws mandated he be returned to his father, as Juan Miguel could speak for Elián only if it was assumed he was not under duress from the Cuban Government. The situation of Elizabet's death indicated her desires as to the ultimate residence of the child. Child custody and guardianship are the legal terms used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent and child, including e. ...

For much of the summer of 2000, his plight dominated the news. On April 14, a video was released in which Elián "tells" Juan Miguel that he wants to stay in the U.S. Many considered that he had been coached with a male voice heard off-camera directing the young boy. The Miami family staged an elaborate campaign for sympathy as Elián went to Disney World one day, then met with politicians the next. On April 19, the 11th Circuit court in Atlanta ruled that Elián must stay in the United States until the Miami Gonzálezes could appeal for an asylum hearing in May. 2000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 14 is the 104th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (105th in leap years). ... Cinderella Castle, at the center of the Magic Kingdom, is Walt Disney World Resorts most recognizable icon Introduction Owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company, the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida, USA is home to four theme parks, three water parks, several resort hotels and golf courses... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... Circuit courts previously were United States federal courts established in each federal judicial district. ... This article is about the state capital of Georgia. ...

Return to Cuba

INS agents recover Elián González by force from his uncle's house; this photo, taken by AP photographer Alan Diaz won him a Pulitzer Prize.

Attorney General Janet Reno ordered the return of Elián, but the Miami relatives defied the order. Negotiations over how/when to transfer Elian were ongoing. The relatives insisted on guarantees that they could live with the child for several months, retain custody, and that Elian would not be returned to Cuba. Negotiations carried on throughout the night, but Reno claimed that the relatives rejected all workable solutions. A federal family court judge revoked Lazaro's temporary custody order, clearing the way for Elián to be returned to his father's custody. Janet Reno had the INS revoke Elián's visa, allowing her to arrest him for being an illegal alien. This file has been listed on Wikipedia:Images and media for deletion. ... This file has been listed on Wikipedia:Images and media for deletion. ... Associated Press logo This article concerns the news service. ... The Pulitzer Prize is a United States award regarded as the highest honor in print journalism. ... Janet Reno (born July 21, 1938) was the 78th Attorney General of the United States (1993–2001), and was the first woman to hold that post. ... An entry visa valid in all Schengen treaty countries A visa (short for the Latin carta visa, lit. ... The Chicago Police Department arrests a man An arrest is the action of police or other authority, or even in some circumstances a private civilian, to apprehend and take under guard a person who is suspected of committing a crime. ... Aliens are foreigners to their surroundings. ...

In the pre-dawn hours of April 22, U.S. Marshals burst into Lazaro's home. A photograph by Alan Diaz of the Associated Press (for which he won the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography) shows an INS agent with a MP5 submachine gun apparently pointed at terrified Elián and Donato Dalrymple (one of the men who had found him). (The INS agent later claimed that the weapon wasn't pointed at him, and that it only appeared that way from the camera angle.) The White House released a photograph showing a happy Elián reunited with his father. The raid had many critics, including Al Gore, Miami Mayor Joe Carollo, and Rudy Giuliani. [1] (http://archives.cnn.com/2000/ALLPOLITICS/stories/04/25/elian.campaign/) Harvard University Law Professor and Clinton supporter Lawrence Tribe wrote in the April 23 New York Times that the raid had shaken "the very safeguards of liberty." April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). ... The United States Marshals Service, part of the United States Department of Justice, is the United States oldest federal law enforcement agency. ... A photograph (often just called a photo) is an image (or a representation of that on e. ... Associated Press logo This article concerns the news service. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Students gather following the Columbine High School massacre, part of the photography for which the Denver Rocky Mounain News won the 2000 Breaking News Photography Pulitzer. ... The MP5 is a submachine gun, developed by German weapons designer Heckler und Koch (HK) in the 1960s. ... A submachine gun is a firearm which combines the automatic fire of a machine gun with the ammunition of a pistol, and is usually between the two in weight and size. ... The southern side of the White House The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. ... Albert Arnold Gore Jr. ... Joe Carollo was mayor of Miami from 1998, when a court ruling ousted Xavier Suarez from this office, to 2001. ... Rudolph William Louis Rudy Giuliani III (born May 28, 1944) served as the Mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 through December 31, 2001. ... Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and a member of the Ivy League. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ...

Elián was taken to Andrews Air Force Base, then to the Wye River Plantation in Maryland, which was outside the 25 mile zone Cuban operatives were allowed to travel. The media was barred from access to the family. New Hampshire Senator Bob Smith, escorting the Miami Gonzálezes, was turned away from Andrews by guards. The May 5 Miami Herald reported that Elián was joined by his classmates (without their parents) and his teacher from his hometown, Cárdenas. Granma released pictures of Elián in a Young Pioneer uniform, Cuba's communist youth league. On May 6, attorney Greg Craig took Elián and Juan Miguel to a dinner in Georgetown thrown by Smith and Elizabeth Bagley. Andrews Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base near Washington, DC, the home base of Air Force One and SAM FOX. Location The base is a few miles southeast of Washington, in Prince Georges County, Maryland. ... State nickname: Old Line State; Free State Other U.S. States Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Governor Robert L. Ehrlich Official languages English Area 32,160 km² (42nd)  - Land 25,338 km²  - Water 6,968 km² (21%) Population (2000)  - Population 5,296,486 (19th)  - Density 165 /km² (5th) Admission into... State nickname: The Granite State Other U.S. States Capital Concord Largest city Manchester Governor John Lynch Official languages English Area 24,239 km² (46th)  - Land 23,249 km²  - Water 814 km² (3. ... Robert C. Bob Smith (born March 30, 1941) is an American politician that has served in both the United States House of Representatives and the Senate. ... May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... The Miami Herald is a daily newspaper owned by Knight Ridder. ... Cárdenas (San Juan de Dios de Cárdenas) is a town in Matanzas Province, Cuba, about 150 km (75 mi) east of Havana. ... Communism - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ... Georgetown is a neighborhood of Washington, DC, the capital of the United States. ...

After Elián was returned to his father's custody, he remained in the U.S. while the Miami relatives exhausted their legal options. (A three-judge federal panel had ruled that he could not go back to Cuba until he was granted an asylum hearing.) On June 1, the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta ruled that Elián was too young to file for asylum; only his father could speak for him. The U.S. Supreme Court refused to hear an appeal. Seal of the Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest federal court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States to interpret and decide questions of federal law, including the...

Elián now lives with his family in Cárdenas. Cárdenas As a geographical name: Cuba Cárdenas, Matanzas Mexico Cárdenas, Guanajuato Cárdenas, San Luis Potosí Cárdenas, Tabasco Nicaragua Cárdenas, Nicaragua Venezuela Cárdenas, Táchira As a personal name: Lázaro Cárdenas del Río, President of Mexico Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano, Mexican politician Lázaro Cárdenas Batel, Mexican politician This is a disambiguation page — a...

Stereotyping

Some argue that the media coverage of the affair couched their reports with stereotypes which would not have been tolerated toward any other ethnic group: Time Magazine described the Cuban-led Miami city government as a "banana republic"; the May 1 issue of Newsweek contained phrases like "the fiery Marisleysis" (Elián's cousin, who was seen as a maternal figure to the boy) and "the hotheads around Lazaro"; the New York Times called the Miami Cubans "haters"; the Chicago Tribune called them "crazies"; Pat Oliphant, America's most widely syndicated editorial cartoonist, drew an ape-like Lazaro thumping his chest. For the term used in Computing, see Stereotype (computing). ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... Banana republic (or Bananaland) is a pejorative term for describing a country with a non-democratic or unstable government, especially where there is widespread political corruption and strong foreign influence. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... Newsweek Logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and Canada. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Front page of the Tribune incorrectly reporting that Dewey won the 1948 presidential election The Chicago Tribune, formerly self-styled as the Worlds Greatest Newspaper, remains the leading newspaper of the Midwest of the United States. ... Pat Oliphant (born 1935) is the most widely syndicated political cartoonist in the world, acknowledged by the New York Times as the most influential cartoonist now working. ... A cartoonist at work. ... Families Hylobatidae Hominidae Apes are the members of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, including humans. ...

External links

• Famous photograph of raid on relatives' house (http://www.time.com/time/photoessays/yip2000/yip_apr_1.html)
• Elian Gonzalez and family flying home to Cuba (http://www.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/28/elian.stay.04/index.html) - CNN, June 28, 2000
• Gabriel Garcia Marquez wrote a chronicle (http://www.zmag.org/marquez.htm) on the story.
• Article on Elian 5 years on (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4471099.stm) (BBC)