Eliot Spitzer
58th Governor of New York
Incumbent
Assumed office  January 1, 2007
Lieutenant(s)	David Paterson
Preceded by	George Pataki
Born	June 10, 1959 (1959-06-10) (age 48) Bronx, New York
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Silda Wall Spitzer
Alma mater	Princeton University Harvard University
Profession	Attorney
Religion	Judaism

Eliot Laurence Spitzer (born June 10, 1959 ) is an American lawyer, politician and the current Governor of New York. Spitzer was elected governor in the November 2006 election. He is the former New York State Attorney General, a member of the Democratic Party, and is married to Silda Wall Spitzer, the founder and chair of Children for Children, a non-profit organization. The Spitzers have three daughters. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (648x612, 200 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): List of Governors of New York Eliot Spitzer Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the... This is a list of the Governors of New York. ... Open seat redirects here. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Lieutenant Governor of New York is the second highest ranking official in the government of New York. ... David A. Paterson (born May 20, 1954) is an American politician and the current Lieutenant Governor of New York. ... George Elmer Pataki (born June 24, 1945) is an American politician who was the 57th Governor of New York serving from January 1995 until January 1, 2007. ... is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_New_York. ... For other uses, see The Bronx (disambiguation). ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      Further information: Politics of the United States#Organization of American political parties The Democratic... Silda Wall Spitzer is the current First Lady of New York State and the founder and chair of the board of Children for Children, a non-profit organization that fosters community involvement and social responsibility in young people. ... Princeton University is a private coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. ... Harvard redirects here. ... An attorney is someone who represents someone else in the transaction of business: For attorney-at-law, see lawyer, solicitor, barrister or civil law notary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of the Governors of New York. ... The New York gubernatorial election of 2006 will be a race for the state governorship. ... See also Attorney General. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      Further information: Politics of the United States#Organization of American political parties The Democratic... Silda Wall Spitzer is the current First Lady of New York State and the founder and chair of the board of Children for Children, a non-profit organization that fosters community involvement and social responsibility in young people. ...

Early life

Spitzer was born and raised in the affluent Riverdale section of The Bronx in New York City, by Austrian Jewish parents. His family was not particularly religious and Spitzer did not have a bar mitzvah.^[1] He is a graduate of Horace Mann School. With a score of 1590 on the SAT exam,^[1] Spitzer attended Princeton University, where he was elected chairman of the undergraduate student government, graduating in 1981. He scored a perfect score on the LSAT,^[2] and went on to Harvard Law School, where he met and married Silda Wall. Spitzer was an editor of the Harvard Law Review. One of Spitzer's classmates at Harvard Law School was Jim Cramer, host of CNBC's Mad Money, on which Spitzer has appeared or called in on three occasions. Riverdale Riverdale (population approximately 45,000, according to the 2000 U.S. Census) is a middle- and upper-class residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City. ... For other uses, see The Bronx (disambiguation). ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... Celebration of Bar Mitzvah at the Western Wall in Jerusalem. ... The Horace Mann School is an independent college preparatory school in New York City. ... Princeton University is a private coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... Harvard Law School (colloquially, Harvard Law or HLS) is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University. ... The Harvard Law Review is a journal of legal scholarship published by an independent student group at Harvard Law School. ... This article is about the television personality and host of Mad Money. ... This article is about CNBC U.S., the business news channel in the U.S.. For other uses, see CNBC (disambiguation). ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

Upon receiving his Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree, Spitzer clerked for Judge Robert W. Sweet in Manhattan, then joined the law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison. He stayed there for less than two years before leaving to join the Manhattan district attorney's office. “J.D.” redirects here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Robert Workman Sweet (born 1922 in Yonkers, New York) is an American jurist and currently a senior United States federal judge serving on United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. ... For other uses, see Manhattan (disambiguation). ... A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. ... Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP is one of the most prestigious white-shoe law firms on Wall Street with well-noted expertise in its corporate, personal representation, entertainment law and litigation practices, having long been a leader among national litigation firms. ... A district attorney is, in some U.S. jurisdictions, the title of the local public official who represents the government in the prosecution of criminals. ...

Manhattan district attorney's office

Spitzer joined the staff of Manhattan District Attorney Robert M. Morgenthau, where he became chief of the labor-racketeering unit, spending six years pursuing organized crime. His biggest case came in 1992, when Spitzer led the investigation that ended the Gambino organized crime family's control of Manhattan's trucking and garment industries. Robert Morris Morgenthau (born July 31, 1919) is currently the District Attorney for New York County, which is coterminous with Manhattan. ... Organized crime or criminal organizations are groups or operations run by criminals, most commonly for the purpose of generating a monetary profit. ... The Gambino Crime Family is a criminal organization based in New York City, New York, USA within the nationwide criminal phenomenon known familiarly as the Mafia (also known as La Cosa Nostra). ... Organized crime or criminal organizations are groups or operations run by criminals, most commonly for the purpose of generating a monetary profit. ...

Spitzer devised a plan to set up his own sweatshop in the city's garment district, turning out shirts, pants and sweaters, and hiring 30 laborers. The shop manager eventually got close to the Gambinos, and officials were able to plant a bug in their office. The Gambinos, rather than being charged with extortion, which was hard to prove, were charged with antitrust violations. Thomas and Joseph Gambino and two other defendants took the deal and avoided jail by pleading guilty, paying $12 million in fines and agreeing to stay out of the business.^[3] This article is about anti-competitive business behavior. ...

Spitzer left the DA's office in 1992 to work at the law firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, where he stayed until 1994. From 1994 to 1998 he worked at the law firm Constantine and Partners on a number of consumer rights and antitrust cases that were widely considered innovative and/or aggressive. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Affiliates (a. ...

Political career

In 1994, Spitzer put aside his private practice to concentrate on attaining the elected office of New York State Attorney General. He lost in the 1994 election but was successfully elected in the next election in 1998. He has since become one of New York's most recognizable Democratic politicians. On November 7th, 2006 he was elected Governor of New York. See also Attorney General. ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of the Governors of New York. ...

Campaigns for Attorney General

In 1994, long-serving Democratic New York State Attorney General Robert Abrams decided to leave office after having unsuccessfully challenged Al D'Amato for the seat of U.S. Senator from New York in 1992. Several Democrats saw weakness in Abrams's replacement as Attorney General, G. Oliver Koppel, and ran for the party's nomination, Spitzer among them. At the time, he was young and unknown, and, despite heavy funding from his own family, his campaign ended when he placed last among four candidates for the nomination. Judge Karen Burstein won. Burstein subsequently lost to Republican Dennis Vacco in the general election, part of a Republican sweep that included the election of Governor George Pataki. Robert Abrams is a politician and lawyer in New York. ... Karen Burstein is a politician and former judge from New York. ... Dennis Vacco was Attorney General of New York State. ... George Elmer Pataki (born June 24, 1945) is an American politician who was the 57th Governor of New York serving from January 1995 until January 1, 2007. ...

That election of a Republican in 1994 allowed Spitzer to run again in 1998. Now more experienced in party politics, he won the Democratic primary, defeating Koppell, State Senator Catherine Abbate, local representative Jeff Orlick, and former Governor's Counsel Charles Davis. He went on to defeat the incumbent Vacco by 48.2% of the vote to Vacco's 47.6%. He ran for re-election in 2002, facing only token opposition from Republican Judge Dora Irizarry. Spitzer won this time with 66% of the vote. Dora Irizarry is a Federal Judge in New York. ...

Work as Attorney General

As Attorney General, Spitzer stepped up the profile of the office, taking on cases of types that Attorneys General had avoided. Traditionally, state attorneys general have pursued consumer rights cases, concentrating on local fraud while deferring national issues to the federal government. Breaking with this traditional deference, Spitzer took up civil actions and criminal prosecutions relating to corporate white-collar crime, securities fraud, internet fraud, and environmental protection. Consumer protection is government regulation to protect the interests of consumers, for example by requiring businesses to disclose detailed information about products, particularly in areas where safety or public health is an issue, such as food. ... The government of the United States, established by the United States Constitution, is a federal republic of 50 states, a few territories and some protectorates. ... White-collar workers perform tasks which are less laborious yet often more highly paid than blue-collar workers, who do manual work. ...

A number of experts, including economists, lawyers, and political analysts have commented on Spitzer's active role in public policy debates. The New York Attorney General's office has Wall Street (and thus many leading corporate and financial institutions) within its jurisdiction. Also, the New York Attorney General wields greater than usual powers of investigation and prosecution as to corporations under New York State's General Business Law. In particular, under Article 23-A, § 352 (more commonly known as the Martin Act of 1921) the New York Attorney General has the power to subpoena witnesses and company documents pertaining to investigations of fraud or illegal activity by a corporation. Elaborate marble facade of NYSE as seen from the intersection of Broad and Wall Streets For other uses, see Wall Street (disambiguation). ... A subpoena is a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter. ...

Spitzer used this authority in his civil actions against corporations and criminal prosecutions against their officers. It proved its usefulness in the wake of several U.S. corporate scandals that began with the collapse of Enron in 2001. Several of these corporations, as well as the brokerage houses that sold their stock, were accused of having inflated stock values by unethical means throughout the 1990s. When inquiries into the allegations by the SEC and the Congress failed to gain traction, Spitzer's office used its subpoena power to obtain corporate documents, building cases against the firms both in courtrooms and in public opinion. A corporate scandal is a scandal involving allegations of unethical behavior by people acting within or on behalf of a corporation. ... Enron Creditors Recovery Corporation (formerly Enron Corporation) (former NYSE ticker symbol: ENE) was an American energy company based in Houston, Texas. ... The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, commonly referred to as the SEC, is the United States governing body which has primary responsibility for overseeing the regulation of the securities industry. ... Congress in Joint Session. ... A subpoena is a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter. ... Public Opinion is a book on media and democracy by Walter Lippmann. ...

Spitzer used a New York statute to allow his office to prosecute cases which have been described as within federal jurisdiction.^[4][5] In January 2005, the president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce described Spitzer's approach as "the most egregious and unacceptable form of intimidation we've seen in this country in modern times".^[6] The Statute of Grand Duchy of Lithuania A statute is a formal, written law of a country or state, written and enacted by its legislative authority, perhaps to then be ratified by the highest executive in the government, and finally published. ... The United States Chamber of Commerce is the worlds largest not-for-profit business federation, representing 3,000,000 businesses (via its Federation of local chambers and association members. ...

Notable cases

In addition to prosecutions and civil actions in the financial sector, Spitzer has pursued cases in both state and federal courts involving pollution, entertainment, technology, occupational safety and health and other fields in which New York plays a part in setting and maintaining national standards of conduct.

Computer manufacturing

• Price fixing (2006): A long running investigation of five computer chip manufacturers resulted in $730 million dollars in fines and a guilty plea from Samsung Electronics Co., Elpida Memory Inc., Infineon Technologies AG and Hynix Semiconductor Inc. The fifth manufacturer, Micron Technology Inc., was granted immunity in exchange for cooperating with authorities in the case. This case is notable as one of the longest collusions between the largest number of companies to fix prices (1998 - 2002).

Price fixing is an agreement between business competitors to sell the same product or service at the same price. ... Samsung Group is one of the largest South Korean business groupings. ... For the raceway, see Infineon Raceway. ... Hynix Semiconductor Inc. ... Micron Technology (Micron) NYSE: MU is a multinational company based in Boise, Idaho, USA, best known for producing many forms of semiconductor devices. ...

Securities

• Global Settlement (2002): Spitzer sued several investment banks for inflating stock prices, using affiliated brokerage firms to give biased investment advice and "spin" initial public offerings of stock by offering them to CEOs and other influential members of the business community. In 2002, a settlement of these lawsuits was negotiated by Spitzer, federal regulatory bodies, stock exchanges, and the investment banks and brokerage houses in question. The result was $1.4 billion in compensation and fines paid by the brokerages and investment banks, new rules and enforcement bodies created to govern stock analysts and IPOs, and the insulation of brokerage firms from pressures by investment banks. Ten firms paid fines to settle the case: Bear Stearns, Credit Suisse First Boston, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, J.P. Morgan Chase, Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, Salomon Smith Barney, UBS Warburg.

• Late Trading & Market Timing Investigations (2003): Investigations by the office of Eliot Spitzer beginning in 2003 uncovered mutual fund brokers allowing select clients privileges deprived to ordinary customers. Spitzer targeted two practices in particular: "late trading" which allows hedge fund investors to file trades at the previous day's price after the market close, something ordinary customers cannot do; and "market timing" which allows privileged investors to buy and sell shares in funds more frequently than allowed under the fund's rules. The implications of these practices are that the brokerages and a small number of investors profit at the expense of other fund shareholders. In essence, by placing winning trades the privileged investors diluted the profit pool available to all fund shareholders while they sidestepped their share of the pool's losses. Their trading also increased administrative fees borne by ordinary customers and caused fund managers to increase the cash they held to meet liquidity needs. Through a number of prosecutions and lawsuits, Spitzer secured more than one billion dollars in fines and remuneration for investors as well as forcing reforms to eliminate the practice.

• Dick Grasso (Chairman of the NYSE): Eliot Spitzer charged that Dick Grasso, when chairman of the New York Stock Exchange violated his position as chairman of a non-profit organization (the NYSE was at that time a mutually owned not-for-profit exchange) and by receiving excessive compensation. Dick Grasso argued that his compensation was openly declared at board meetings and was fully legal and that the lawsuit was an attack on him solely intended to raise Spitzer's image in the press as he went into his gubernatorial campaign; he vowed to fight the action in the courts and, despite losing the initial stages, appears to be turning the tide in his direction on appeal leading to several significant reversals against the D.A.'s office. On July 27, 2007, as the Police Surveillance Controversy issue (cited below) continued to unfold, Newsweek reporter Charles Gasparino alleged that a member of Spitzer's staff, Darren Dopp, had threatened him following Gasparino's reporting of Spitzer's uneven handling of those involved in the Grasso excesses.^[7] In particular, Gasparino's reporting had noted that Spitzer hadn't pursued H. Carl McCall (a Spitzer political supporter) - who, as the compensation-committee chief, guided the board when it had allegedly grossly overpaid Grasso.^[7]

The Global Settlement was a legal settlement reached to resolve issues of conflict of interest at brokerage firms. ... In financial markets, an initial public offering (IPO) is the first sale of a companys common shares to public investors. ... The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. ... Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB) is a bulge bracket New York City based investment banking and financial services firm. ... Deutsche Bank AG (IPA: [1]) (ISIN: DE0005140008, NYSE: DB) (English: ) is a bank operating worldwide and employing more than 75,000 people (June, 2007). ... The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ... J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. ... Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ... Merrill Lynch & Co. ... Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) is one of the largest and the most reputed investment banks headquartered in New York City. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... UBS AG (NYSE: UBS), (SWX: CH0012032030) (TYO: 8657) is a financial firm and was formed through a merger of the Union Bank of Switzerland and the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1998. ... The mutual fund scandal of 2003 was the result of the discovery of both illegal and unethical trading practices on the part of certain hedge fund and mutual fund companies. ... After-hours trading or late trading refers to stock trading outside the traditional trading hours of the major exchanges, such as the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq Stock Market. ... Market timing is the strategy of making buy or sell decisions of financial assets (often stocks) by attempting to predict future market price movements. ... Richard Grasso was chairman and chief executive of the New York Stock Exchange from 1995 to 2003, the culmination of a career that began in 1968 when Grasso was hired by the Exchange as a floor clerk. ... The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), nicknamed the Big Board, is a New York City-based stock exchange. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ... Charles (Charlie) Gasparino is an on-air editor for CNBC. Gasparino also currently writes for Newsweek and previously wrote for the Wall Street Journal. ... The Rev. ...

Insurance

• Contingent commissions (2004): In the commercial insurance business "contingent commissions" or "overriders" are fees paid based on the volume and profitability of insurance business generated by brokers. They provide incentive for agents and brokers to underwrite carefully as contingent commissions often serve as rewards for good loss ratios. Without contingency commissions, there is little incentive for agents or brokers to be selective in the risks that they submit to companies. However, some argue that contingent commissions may provide an incentive for insurance brokers to recommend more costly insurance to their clients, presenting a conflict of interest. While many large brokerages such as Marsh & McLennan Companies (against whom Spitzer filed his original suit), Aon and Willis announced plans to stop the practice of contingent commissions, many argued that the practice was not to blame for the rigged bids uncovered by Spitzer. Indeed, the practice accounted for about only five to seven percent of total revenues for brokers and did address a traditional misalignment of interests in insurance between the carrier and the producer. Under a traditional flat commission structure the latter has less incentive to submit risks with an eye for long-term loss potential in mind. So-called finite insurance products, which may more closely resemble a loan than insurance, were also investigated, even if there was "transference of risk" involved.^{[citation needed]}

• American International Group (2005): On May 26, 2005, Spitzer filed a civil complaint against Maurice R. "Hank" Greenberg (Chairman and CEO) and Howard I. Smith (ex-CFO of AIG), alleging fraudulent business practice, securities fraud, common law fraud, and other violations of insurance and securities laws. Despite tough talk on a television news show, Spitzer declined to bring any criminal charges against Greenberg, and two of the civil charges were dropped in September 2006.^[8]

• On December 22, 2005, John C. Whitehead, chairman of the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, alleged that Spitzer had threatened him during a telephone call that took place in April 2005. In a letter to the The Wall Street Journal, Whitehead alleged that Spitzer called him regarding a Wall Street Journal opinion piece that he wrote about Spitzer's public comments regarding Maurice R. Greenberg. According to the allegation, Spitzer threatened, "Mr. Whitehead, it's now a war between us and you've fired the first shot. I will be coming after you. You will pay the price. This is only the beginning and you will pay dearly for what you have done. You will wish you had never written that letter."^[9] Spitzer has denied the allegation.^[10]

• The insurance investigation started by Spitzer spread to other states. Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan announced a parallel investigation of insurance brokerages headquartered in Chicago, which led to substantial out-of-court settlements from AJ Gallagher and Willis. Although the practices of these insurance brokerages did not violate criminal law, they violated the code of professional ethics required by the state to obtain licenses. One of the practices alleged by Madigan was "steering" insurance clients to purchase insurance policies that would produce higher commissions for the brokerage.^{[citation needed]}

Contingent Commissions is the term in the insurance industry for any kind of brokers commission which is contingent upon some event occurring (instead of a commission paid on the sale itself). ... Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ... Contingent Commissions is a term used in the U.S.A. insurance industry for any kind of brokers commission which is contingent upon some event occurring (instead of a commission paid on the sale itself). ... Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... American International Group, Inc. ... is the 146th day of the year (147th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Maurice R. Hank Greenberg (born May 4, 1925 in New York City) is an American businessman and former chairman and CEO of American International Group (AIG), the worlds largest insurance and financial services corporation. ... Howard Kingsbury Smith (May 12, 1914 - February 15, 2002) was an American journalist and radio reporter. ... is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... John Cunningham Whitehead (b. ... A Chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... The Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) was formed after the September 11 attacks to plan the reconstruction of Lower Manhattan and distribute nearly $10 billion in federal funds aimed at rebuilding downtown Manhattan. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (140,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Lisa Madigan (born July 30, 1966 in Chicago) is the current and 41st Attorney General of the U.S. state of Illinois. ... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City 234. ... Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. ...

Entertainment

• Music Royalty Settlement (2004): Through an investigation of music industry practices, Spitzer's office uncovered $50 million in royalties owed to musicians whose record labels had failed to keep in contact with them. Under New York State's Abandoned Property Law, those royalties not being sent to their rightful owners would have to be surrendered to the state. Under a settlement, the labels were required to take measures to contact artists owed royalties.^{[citation needed]}

• Payola Settlement: The office of Eliot Spitzer served subpoenas against record labels in an investigation into "payola," the illegal compensation of radio stations for playing certain songs. These subpoenas uncovered deals for disc jockeys to receive gifts from promoters in exchange for playing the songs a certain number of times during the day. On July 25, 2005, Spitzer announced an agreement with Sony BMG Music Entertainment to halt the practice. In November 2005, a similar settlement was announced with Warner Music Group.^[11]

Payola, in the American music industry, is the illegal practice of payment or other inducement by record companies for the broadcast of recordings on music radio, in which the song is presented as being part of the normal days broadcast. ... A subpoena is a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter. ... Payola, in the American music industry, is the illegal practice of payment or other inducement by record companies for the broadcast of recordings on music radio, in which the song is presented as being part of the normal days broadcast. ... is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Sony BMG Music Entertainment logo. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Abortion

• In 2002, Spitzer's office issued subpoenas to 24 non-profit crisis pregnancy centers that sought to dissuade women from having abortions. Pro-life groups criticized Spitzer, charging that he was harassing the centers on behalf of a political ally, NARAL Pro-Choice America. Spitzer's office contended that the centers used deceptive advertising and were practicing medicine without a license.^[12] However, the subpoenas were subsequently withdrawn.

A subpoena is a command to appear at a certain time and place to give testimony upon a certain matter. ... This article is about the social movement. ... NARAL Pro-Choice America (pronounced NAY-ral) is a pro-choice organization in the United States that engages in political action to oppose restrictions on abortion and expand access to abortion. ...

Campaign for Governor of New York

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 2006

Spitzer was elected Governor on November 7, 2006 with 69% of the vote. He faced Republican John Faso and John Clifton of the Libertarian Party of New York among others. The New York gubernatorial election of 2006 will be a race for the state governorship. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... John Faso (1952-) was the Republican nominee for Governor of New York, and was defeated by Democratic nominee Eliot Spitzer in the largest defeat for a Republican candidate in New York state history. ... The Libertarian Party of New York was founded in 1972 as the Free Libertarian Party because the New York Board of Elections ruled that the name Libertarian Party would confuse voters with the Liberal Party of New York. ...

On December 8, 2004, Spitzer announced his intention to seek the Democratic nomination for Governor of New York in 2006. While long rumored, Spitzer's announcement was unusually early—nearly two years before the election. Some opined that Spitzer's early announcement was motivated by a desire to learn if Senator Charles Schumer, a more senior Democrat, would run. But Schumer, largely favored in opinion polls in a hypothetical matchup against Spitzer, had announced in November that he would not run for Governor, but would, rather, accept an offer to sit on the powerful Finance Committee and head the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee. After Schumer's announcement, Democrat Andrew Cuomo announced his plans to run for the Attorney General's seat vacated by Spitzer. is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is a Jewish American politician. ... The Board of Finance (also called Budget Committee, Finance Committee and Ways and Means Committee in different parts of New England) is an elected or appointed body that reviews town or school government budgets in towns or school districts that have the town meeting form of government. ... DSCC can also refer to Defense Supply Center, Columbus. ... Andrew Mark Cuomo (born December 6, 1957, in New York City) is the New York State Attorney General, having been elected to that office on November 7, 2006. ...

Spitzer won early endorsements, including, on January 22, the endorsement of the Working Families Party, which has purported to act as kingmaker of Democratic nominees. The party has been heavily backed by figures from community groups, e.g. ACORN and labor unions, particularly those that once broke from the AFL-CIO to form the Change to Win Federation. In the months after the WFP endorsement, several Change to Win unions announced that they were endorsing Spitzer under their own name, e.g. UNITE HERE, the Teamsters, and the United Food and Commercial Workers. The Working Families Party (WFP) is a left-wing-progressive minor political party in the US state of New York, which has now expanded efforts into a number of other states, including the creation of the Connecticut Working Families Party and organizing projects in a number of other states. ... For other uses, see Acorn (disambiguation). ... A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers... American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, commonly AFL-CIO, is a national trade union center, the largest federation of unions in the United States, made up of 54 national and international unions (including Canadian), together representing more than 10 million workers. ... The Change to Win Federation is a coalition of American labor unions originally formed in 2005 as an alternative to the AFL-CIO. The coalition is associated with strong advocacy of the organising model. ... UNITE HERE is a result of a 2004 merger of two North American labor unions: the Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE) and the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE). ... The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), formerly known by the name International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, is one of the largest labor unions in the United States. ... The United Food and Commercial Workers International Union is a labor union representing approximately 1. ...

In the latter half of 2005, Spitzer sought to further solidify support for his campaign by touring the state, seeking and giving political endorsements. These included cross-endorsements with former Bronx Borough President Fernando Ferrer in the 2005 New York City mayoral election, 2005; Matthew Driscoll in the Syracuse, New York, Mayoral election; and State Senator Byron Brown in the Buffalo, New York, Mayoral election. The benefits to Spitzer in these deals was the valuable media attention which accompanied his stumping for those candidates, as well as gaining local endorsements to help win the party primary. For other uses, see Bronx (disambiguation). ... Borough President is an elective office in New York City. ... Fernando Ferrer Fernando James Freddy Ferrer (born April 30, 1950 in the Bronx, New York) was the Borough President of The Bronx from 1987 to 2001, and was a candidate for Mayor of New York in 2001 and the Democratic Party nominee for Mayor in 2005. ... Official Photo The honorable Matthew John Driscoll (Born February 7, 1958), is an American Democratic Party politician, currently serving as the 52nd Mayor of Syracuse, New York. ... Nickname: Location of Syracuse within the state of New York Coordinates: , City Government  - Mayor Matthew Driscoll (D) Area  - City 66. ... Byron Brown was elected on November 8, 2005 as the first African American mayor of Buffalo, New York. ... Nickname: Location of Buffalo in New York State Coordinates: , Country State County Erie Government  - Mayor Byron Brown (D) Area  - City 52. ...

As a result of Spitzer's relative speed in bringing state Democrats to his side, he gained the respect of Democratic leaders nationwide. Such a leader, Bill Richardson, dubbed Spitzer the "future of the Democratic Party" at a fundraiser held in June 2005 for Spitzer's gubernatorial campaign.^[13] A June 2006 Quinnipiac poll showed him leading Nassau county executive Thomas Suozzi 76-13 percent, indicating that he had all but secured the nomination.^[14] For other persons named William Richardson, see William Richardson (disambiguation). ... Nassau County is a suburban city county in the New York Metropolitan Area east of New York City in the U.S. state of New York. ... A County Executive is the title assigned to a person hired to run the day to day operations of a county. ... Thomas Suozzi Thomas R. Suozzi (born 1962) is a Democratic candidate for Governor of New York. ...

Much of the attention of watchers of New York politics then turned to the state Republican Party, especially the future of three-term governor, George Pataki. Polling throughout 2004 and into 2005 consistently showed Spitzer defeating Pataki in theoretical match-ups. Such a scenario might have proved unappealing to Pataki. In July 2006, Pataki was rumored to be making overtures toward seeking the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in 2008. Whether or not these rumors were true, Pataki announced on July 27, 2005 that he would not seek reelection. is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The open-seat nature of the election, along with Spitzer's positive poll numbers, and the advantage Democrats have in New York State fueled the Republican leadership's discussions of the active pursuit of candidates to run against Spitzer. By June 2006, two people had announced their intent to run for the nomination: former New York Assemblyman John Faso, who was officially endorsed at the 2006 New York State Republican Party Convention and former Masschusetts Governor William Weld, who is a native New Yorker. Shortly after the convention, Weld dropped out of the race for the Republican nomination.

An additional consideration for Spitzer was the status of billionaire businessman Tom Golisano, a three-time Independence Party candidate. It was rumored that Golisano might run again, and that Republican Party insiders would seek to nominate him as a Republican, thus fusing the Republican and Independence tickets for the first time in a gubernatorial election. Golisano recently switched his party affiliation to the GOP. However, on February 1, 2006, Golisano announced that he would not run for governor.^[15] Blaise Thomas Tom Golisano (born 1942) is the billionaire founder of Paychex, the second-largest payroll processor in the United States, and owner of the Buffalo Sabres hockey team. ... The Independence Party is a political party in the U.S. state of New York. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In January 2006, Spitzer selected New York State Senate minority leader David Paterson as his choice for Lieutenant Governor and running mate. In New York gubernatorial elections, the most important consideration in a gubernatorial candidate's choice of a lieutenant governor is often said to be the need to "balance the ticket", thereby widening the candidate's appeal by choosing someone from a different geographic area, ethnic background, or with a different political base. Such a practice is common in other states, as well as in Presidential elections.

After announcing his candidacy, Spitzer was endorsed by numerous New Yorkers including state Comptroller Alan Hevesi and two former New York City Mayors: David Dinkins and Ed Koch (who had endorsed President Bush in 2004). In February 2006, Spitzer got the endorsement of businessman Donald Trump, who had been courted by the Republicans to run against him.

On May 30, 2006, Spitzer and Paterson won the endorsement of the New York State Democratic party.^[16] He still, however, had to face Suozzi in the Democratic primary. is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On July 25, 2006, he faced Suozzi in a gubernatorial debate held at Pace University in Manhattan, discussing issues such as public authorities and Medicaid.^[17] is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pace University is a private, co-educational and comprehensive multi-campus university in the New York metropolitan area with campuses in New York City and Westchester County, New York. ... A Public Authority is a public corporation, chartered by a State. ... Medicaid is the US health insurance program for individuals and families with low incomes and resources. ...

Spitzer surprised many New Yorkers when, upon being asked about marijuana, he stated that he disagrees with medical use of marijuana since other medicines are more effective.^[18] Cannabis, also known as marijuana[1] or ganja (Hindi: गांजा),[2] is a psychoactive product of the plant Cannabis sativa L. subsp. ...

During the week of August 24, he and Suozzi participated in a cable TV "town hall" forum at Pace University. Spitzer actually participated from Rochester, where he was visiting as part of a campaign tour across the state. In English literary history, the name Rochester refers to John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester. ...

In the Democratic primary held on September 12, 2006, Spitzer handily defeated Suozzi, securing his party's nomination with 81% of the vote. is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On October 5, Spitzer, addressing the Empire State Pride Agenda, declared that as governor he would work to legalize gay marriage in New York.^[19]

Spitzer won a landslide victory in the election with 69% of the vote. It was the largest margin of victory in a gubernatorial race in New York history, and the second-largest for any statewide race in New York history. The only larger victory was Chuck Schumer's 71% victory in his successful reelection bid for the U.S. Senate two years earlier. Spitzer carried all but three counties in the state. Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is the senior U.S. Senator from the state of New York, serving since 1999. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ...

Governorship

Approval as Governor

As of November 14, 2007, Governor Spitzer's approval rating as Governor was 33%, a further decline from Spitzer's 44% approval rating of October 24, 2007 [1]. A later poll showed that New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg would defeat Spitzer were he to seek re-election.[2] Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born 14 February 1942) is an American businessman, founder of Bloomberg L.P., and the current Mayor of New York City. ...

First Term, 2007-

At the traditional midnight ceremony, Spitzer was sworn in as governor of New York on January 1, 2007. A public ceremony was held at 1 p.m. on the same day which featured brass and percussion players from the Empire State Youth Orchestra^[20] Bucking tradition, the ceremony was held outdoors—the first outdoor inauguration ceremony in New York for over a century.^[21] He publicly took the oath at 1:24 PM on that "grey but glorious January day." Afterwards he attended a concert at the Times Union Center in his honor, headlined by James Taylor and Natalie Merchant. is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Empire State Youth Orchestra (ESYO) was founded in 1979 by a group of dedicated parents and music educators. ... The Times Union Center is an indoor arena located in Albany, New York, with a maximum seating capacity of 17,500 for sporting events. ... James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, born in Belmont, Massachusetts. ... Merchant in 1984 Natalie Anne OShea Merchant (born October 26, 1963 in Jamestown, New York, U.S.) is a professional musician. ...

Roadblocks to reform

Spitzer's reform-based platform hit an early roadblock when his pledge "to change the ethics of Albany" was defeated in state legislature. According to the New York State Constitution, it is the duty of the state legislature to fill executive vacancies. The Governor was criticized as unreasonable for admonishing the legislature when it took constitutional actions. The appointment of state assemblyman Thomas DiNapoli to succeed disgraced Alan Hevesi was a serious blow to the new governor. Spitzer had backed an outside panel to draft a list of qualified candidates. The legislature revolted when the panel failed to select one of its own.^[22] Wikisource has original text related to this article: New York Constitution The New York State constitution establishes the structure of the government of New York State, and enumerates the basic rights of the citizens of New York. ... Thomas P. DiNapoli (born February 10, 1954) was a state assemblyman in New York who was appointed as New York State Comptroller on February 7, 2007. ... Alan G. Hevesi (born 1940 in Queens, New York) is the Democratic Comptroller of the State of New York. ...

Spitzer's choice was New York City Finance Commissioner Martha Stark, who was selected by a panel that consisted of former State Comptroller Edward Regan, former State Comptroller Carl McCall and former New York City Comptroller Harrison J. Goldin. On February 7, 2007, when the Legislature voted, Stark was one of two names put into nomination, along with Assemblyman Thomas DiNapoli of Long Island, Assembly Leader Sheldon Silver's choice. The final vote was 150 for DiNapoli and 56 for Stark. Stark's main support came from Democrats in the Senate, along with Republicans in both chambers. Martha Stark is the Finance Commissioner of New York City. ... Edward V. Ned Regan was a Republican politician and college president, originally from Kenmore, New York. ... H. Carl McCall (born 1935) is a former Comptroller of New York State and was the Democratic candidate in the 2002 election for state governor. ... Harrison Jay Goldin (born February 23, 1936 in the Bronx, New York City) is a lawyer and New York politician. ... is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Sheldon Silver (born February 13, 1944) is a politician and member of the United States Democratic Party, currently serving as Speaker of New York State Assembly. ...

Spitzer has traveled to the home districts of various Democratic assembly members to publicly criticize them for their vote on DiNapoli. He visited the region of Syracuse Assemblyman William B. Magnarelli, and George S. Latimer of Westchester County and has plans to continue his pressure.^[23][24] Some Assembly Democrats were alienated over the incident, and have questioned Spitzer's refusal of extending special treatment to party members seeking local political appointments.^[25] ...

One of Spitzer's key campaign pledges was to reform the state budget process. While the state did pass a budget on schedule in 2007, the ultimate results fell short of what many reformers hoped Spitzer would achieve. Newscorp's The New York Post opined, "Spitzer promised reform, and delivered something completely different" and termed the budget itself "bitterly disappointing."^[26] News Corporation (NYSE: NWS) is a media conglomerate that operates world-wide. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ...

Spitzer's budget quickly turned into a deficit, as by the end of October it was projected the state would run a deficit exceeding $4 Billion for the year . [3]

Spitzer has been criticized by members of the New York State Legislature for failing to compromise on issues during his first few months as governor. In a now infamous exchange, Spitzer told New York State Assembly Minority Leader James Tedisco: "Listen, I'm a fucking steamroller and I'll roll over you and anybody else." According to The New York Post, Spitzer confirmed the exchange the following day.^[27] Spitzer's reputation as a "steamroller" was shared by a plurality of New Yorkers in a Quinnipiac University poll, but by a 3 to 1 margin they believed the tactic had been unsuccessful and had only added to political gridlock [4] James Tedisco represents District 110 in the New York State Assembly, which consists of portions of the city of Schenectady, as well as the City of Saratoga Springs, Ballston, Galway, Milton, and Glenville, among other communities located in Upstate New York. ... The first edition of The New York Post of July 6, 2004 incorrectly declared that U.S. presidential candidate John Kerry would choose U.S. Representative Dick Gephardt to be his vice-presidential running mate that day (in reality, Kerry chose John Edwards). ... Quinnipiac University is a private four-year university in Hamden, Connecticut, located on about 500 acres (2 km²), just north of New Haven. ...

Tedisco later accused Spitzer of cutting $300,000 of state funding for health care and education grants in the Schenectady area as retaliation for Tedisco's opposition to the Spitzer plan to allow illegal immigrants New York State driver's licenses [5] Tedisco accused the Governor of "dirty tricks" and "bullying" [6] Schenectady is a city located in Schenectady County, New York, of which it is the county seat. ... Illegal immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting an immigrant to settle in that country. ...

In the wake of the controversy involving the "troopergate" scandal involving Senator Bruno, Spitzer has been accused of pandering to liberal special interest groups to solidify his base of support "The governor who took office vowing to clean up Albany has lost so much public support that he is reduced to feathering the nest of the unions and other liberals." said Michael Goodwin of the New York Daily News[7] This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Gay marriage proposal

In April 2007, Spitzer proposed a bill that would legalize same-sex marriage in New York, joining Massachusetts as the only states to approve this policy as a matter of law. State Senate Majority Leader Joe Bruno announced his opposition to the proposal, leaving its prospects in doubt.^[28] Same-sex marriage is not recognized in New York state. ... Joseph L. Bruno It should be possible to replace this non-free image with a freely licensed one. ...

Controversy over use of state police

On July 23, 2007, New York State Attorney General Andrew Cuomo's office admonished the Spitzer administration for ordering the State Police to keep special records of Senate majority leader Joseph L. Bruno's whereabouts when he traveled with police escorts in New York City.^[29] At the direction of top officials of the Spitzer administration, the New York State Police created documents meant to cause political damage to Bruno.^[30] The governor's staff had stated they were responding to a Freedom of Information request from the Albany Times-Union in late June.^[29][31] On May 23, Spitzer's Communications Director Darren Dopp wrote Rich Baum, a senior Spitzer adviser, that "records exist going way back"^[32] about Bruno's use of state aircraft, and that "Also, I think there is a new and different way to proceed re media. Will explain tomorrow."^[31] Dopp later wrote another e-mail to Baum after a story ran in the Albany Times-Union about a federal grand jury investigation of Bruno's investments in thoroughbred racing horses, and wrote: "Think travel story would fit nicely in the mix."^[32][31] The first Freedom of Information Act request about Bruno's travel was filed by the Times Union on June 27, nearly a month after.^[33] is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... See also Attorney General. ... Andrew Mark Cuomo (born December 6, 1957, in New York City) is the New York State Attorney General, having been elected to that office on November 7, 2006. ... Joseph L. Bruno Joseph L. Bruno (born April 8, 1929) is an American businessman and politician. ... The New York State Police is the state police force of 4600 sworn Troopers for the state of New York. ... Nearly sixty countries around the world have implemented some form of freedom of information legislation, which sets rules on governmental secrecy. ...

A 57-page report issued by the Attorney General's office concluded that Spitzer aides engaged in creating media coverage concerning Senator Bruno's travel before any Freedom of Information Law request was made.^[34] The investigation looked into both Bruno's travel and the senate leader's allegation that Spitzer used State Police to spy on him.^[35] Cuomo concluded that "These e-mails show that persons in the governor's office did not merely produce records under a FOIL request, but were instead engaged in planning and producing media coverage concerning Senator Bruno's travel on state aircraft before any FOIL request was made."^[32][36] It noted that the Times-Union's initial FOIL request didn't even ask for the records involving Bruno that the paper was later given by aides to Spitzer.^[37] It also suggests that the governor's staff lied when they tried to explain what they had done and forced the State Police to go far beyond their normal procedures in documenting Mr. Bruno’s whereabouts.^[38]

The Times-Union's requests sought documents on use of state aircraft by seven officials, including Spitzer, Bruno and Lieutenant Governor David A. Paterson, yet Spitzer’s office released only Bruno’s itinerary.^[39] The Spitzer administration and the State Police provided far more details about Bruno than about other officials to the Times-Union, including records to reply to a request under the state’s Freedom of Information laws, though no such request had even been made.^[40] The report noted that the state acted outside the laws in what it released, such as documents that resembled official state travel records, "which they were not" according to Ellen Nachtigall Biben, a former prosecutor in the Manhattan district attorney’s office, who contributed to the report.^[39] The report stated that the Times-Union request came after the story about Bruno’s travels was published, and was "not consistent" with Spitzer administration claims that all it did was respond to a FOIL request.^[41] No other officials were subject to the same scrutiny as Bruno, and in some cases, the reports created by State Police were pieced together long after the trips, based on the sometimes on the memory of the police escorts involved.^[42] David A. Paterson (born May 20, 1954) is an American politician and the current Lieutenant Governor of New York. ...

The report cleared Bruno of any misuse of the state's air fleet, which had been alleged.^{[43][44][45][30]} Spitzer also used the state aircraft during the first six months of his term as governor for political purposes, including a stop in Rochester to attend an event for the Monroe County Democratic Committee on a day in which he had a number of stops related to public business.^[42] The report criticized Spitzer's office for using State Police resources to gather information about Bruno's travel and releasing the information to the media.^[44] New York Republican State Committee Chairman Joseph Mondello claimed that "Today’s explosive report by Attorney General Andrew Cuomo validates the frightening charges that Governor Spitzer’s administration abused the New York State Police and New York’s F.O.I.L. laws in an attempt to set up Senate Majority Leader Joseph Bruno"^[29] and that "This disturbing abuse of power by a Governor is unprecedented."^[29] The tactics involved have raised questions among some pundits about the tactics Spitzer used as Attorney General.^[46] The findings of the report were endorsed by Mr. Spitzer’s own Inspector General, Kristine Hamann.^{[29][44][45][35]} The New York Republican State Committee is the affiliate of the Republican Party in New York. ... Joseph N. Mondello is the current chair of the New York State Republican Committee. ...

Spitzer responded at a July 23rd press conference that "As governor, I am accountable for what goes on in the executive branch and I accept responsibility for the actions of my office"^[29] and that his administration had "grossly mishandled"^[29] the situation.^[45] The Governor issued an apology to Senator Bruno and stated that "I apologized to Senator Bruno and I did so personally this morning."^[29] He added "In addition, I apologized to the men and women of the State Police, and to acting Superintendent Preston Felton personally for allowing this esteemed institution to be drawn into this matter."^[29] Felton said he didn't realize he was part of a political scheme, and claimed in a written statement that "I have never, in my 26-year career with the state police, knowingly undertaken any such action and never would,"^[35] and that "To the extent that circumstances previously not known to me have now given rise to that appearance, I am particularly saddened."^[35]

Spitzer subsequently announced that he would indefinitely suspend his communications director, Darren Dopp, and reassign another top official.^[47] When questioned about his promise to bring a new dawn of ethical responsibility to state politics, Spitzer responded by saying "I will not tolerate this behavior,"^[29], "ethics and accountability must and will remain rigorous in my administration,"^[30] and that "I have always stated that I want ethics and integrity to be the hallmarks of my administration. That is why I requested that the State Inspector General review the allegations with respect to my office, and that is why we have fully cooperated with both inquiries."^[43] As of July 2007, Cuomo's office was considering recommending disciplinary action against the Governor's office.^[48] On July 27, 2007, the New York Post reported on Dopp's past interactions with the press on behalf of Spitzer.^[7] Reporter Charles Gasparino claimed that he was threatened by Dopp while covering then Attonery General Spitzer's investigation of the over-compensation of former New York Stock Exchange Chairman Richard Grasso.^[7] Gasparino feels he was targeted by Dopp after publishing a piece claiming that Attorney General's office did not also pursue Spitzer ally H. Carl McCall who, as the compensation-committee chief, guided the board when it approved Grasso's compensation package.^[7] Charles (Charlie) Gasparino is an on-air editor for CNBC. Gasparino also currently writes for Newsweek and previously wrote for the Wall Street Journal. ... Richard Grasso Richard A. Grasso (born 1946 in Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City) usually known by the nickname Dick, was chairman and chief executive of the New York Stock Exchange from 1995 to 2003, the culmination of a career that began in 1968 when Grasso was hired by the... The Rev. ...

Republican State Senator Dean Skelos asked, "Did the governor know?" and stated that the report "leaves many questions open in terms of how far up the chain of command were the acts of — at least the acts of Dopp and Howard — known?".^[38] Mr. Skelos added that he believed it would be "totally appropriate" for the Senate Committee on Investigations and Government Operations, which has subpoena power and of which Skelos is a member, to review the matter.^[38] Skelos called the matter "the makings of a real conspiracy here", and was echoed by Assemblyman Keith Wright, a Harlem Democrat who said the findings of the report sound "very Nixonian."^[38] Douglas Muzzio, a Baruch College political scientist, commented that "The Watergate analogy is inescapable."^[49] Republican George Winner, Chairman of the Senate Investigations Committee, stated that the governor was "stonewalling"^[50] and remarked that it "Sounds like he didn’t learn too much from Nixon, that the cover-up is worse than the crime."^[50] Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver, the Legislature’s top Democrat, called what was done to Mr. Bruno "horrendous"^[50], and added "The real question here is how much did the governor know and when did he know it."^[51] Dean Skelos represents District 9 in the New York State Senate, which is comprised of Elmont, Rockville Centre, Malverne, East Rockaway and Lawrence, among other towns within Long Island. ... Keith L. T. Wright is a member of the New York State Assembly. ... The Bernard M. Baruch College of The City University of New York, known more commonly as Baruch College is a public university and one of the constituent colleges comprising the City University of New York (CUNY). ... Hon. ... Sheldon Silver (born February 13, 1944) is a politician and member of the United States Democratic Party, currently serving as Speaker of New York State Assembly. ...

Skelos notes Cuomo's investigators never questioned Spitzer or a top aide mentioned in the report, Secretary to the Governor Rich Baum, who received e-mails related to the plot.^[52] Cuomo spokesman Jeffrey Lerner said Spitzer's counsel provided the e-mails and that Baum and Dopp refused requests to be interviewed, opting instead to provide sworn written statements.^[53] He added that speaking to Spitzer would be unnecessary because there was little evidence of criminal or improper activity.^[54] Dopp and Baum are considered Mr. Spitzer’s closest advisers, and no action was taken against Mr. Baum.^[55] The Chairman of the State Senate Committee on Investigations stated he would contact Attorney General Cuomo to obtain any documents, e-mail messages, and testimony under oath collected by the Attorney General's investigators.^[56] Numerous prominent New York Democrats distanced themselves from Spitzer, refusing to come to his defense, including five members of New York's Democratic congressional delegation, Senators Hillary Clinton and Chuck Schumer, the chairman of the Queens Democratic Party, Rep. Joseph Crowley, Rep. Charles Rangel, and mayor candidate Representative Rep. Anthony Weiner.^[25] Democrat Amy Paulin, an Assemblywoman, acknowledged that "The general public wants to know who knew what when,"^[57] noting that "Until we put this behind us, there will be a credibility gap."^[58] Assemblyman William Parment, also a Democrat, added that "Coming clean would be the best thing to do."^[58] REDIRECT Hillary Rodham Clinton   This is a redirect from a title with another method of capitalisation. ... Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is the senior U.S. Senator from the state of New York, serving since 1999. ... Joseph Crowley (born March 16, 1962) is a Democratic politician from the U.S. state of New York, currently the representing the states 7th Congressional district (see map) in the United States House of Representatives. ... Charles Bernard Rangel Charles Bernard Rangel (born June 11, American politician. ... Anthony D. Weiner (b. ... Amy Paulin is a New York State Assemblywoman for New Yorks 88th assembly district. ... William L. Parment (b. ...

Spitzer defended the decision not to provide testimony, saying that it wasn't necessary for Baum and Dopp to be questioned after Cuomo determined no crime was committed.^[59] The attorney general's office said investigators rejected the sworn statements of Dopp and Baum since both men refused to testify, and some observers have noted this has left several questions unanswered.^[60] These omissions have prompted speculation that the governor may have been involved in some way.^[61] Jeffrey Lerner, a spokesman for the Attorney General, stated that "We told the Governor's Counsel's office that we wanted to interview Darren Dopp and Richard Baum. The Governor's Counsel's office declined and instead sent sworn written statements. We had no power to compel testimony,"^[60] and that "Our investigators decided not (to) include the written statements as they did not have the chance to interview Dopp and Baum."^[60] The Governor said that that the written statements by Baum and Dopp were "sufficient for the attorney general to close its investigation,"^[59] and reiterated that he was not involved in the decision to not have Baum and Dopp testify before Cuomo.^[62] Still, their sworn statements were not accepted for use in the report.^[59]

Both the state Ethics Commission and the Senate investigations committee have announced they have requested all interview transcripts, notes, e-mail and other material from Attorney General Andrew Cuomo's investigation and would review the matter.^[63] The Governor said he would allow both senior aides to testify, and testify himself if subpoenaed by the State Ethics Commission.^[64] When asked about the possibility, Spitzer said "that might happen. I don't know what path to take,"^[60] and that "If there are investigations, we cooperate with investigations. I'm not sure where this will go."^[60] The State Assembly is not expected to conduct its own inquire or participate in any joint legislative investigation, after Speaker Silver stated that "I have no need to hold any hearings to go further,"^[65] and that "We heard from the top law enforcement officer in the state, Andrew Cuomo. A lot of misjudgments were made, but there was no criminality."^[65]

State Senate Majority Leader Bruno did not rule out using subpoena powers to get under oath Spitzer's statements on the matter, telling reporters that the facts will "speak for themselves as they unfold."^[66] While some have questioned the Senate's motives and constitutional authority to conduct an investigation, Assembly Democrat Richard L. Brodsky explained that the Governor's office may not be able to claim executive privilege to resist an investigation, stating "Assertions of executive privilege have usually not been upheld under New York law and in the most recent litigation, which I conducted, the governor’s office appeared asserting executive privilege and was unsuccessful,"^[50] in reference to a 2004 case in which a State Supreme Court judge rejected the Pataki administration’s claim of executive privilege, saying the governor’s staff could not withhold documents from a legislative committee seeking information about a controversial contract to develop property along the Erie Canal.^[50] Bruno concluded that "What I want is the truth, and there are others that are third parties who are going to be objective, pragmatic. All we want is the truth. And people will, once they know the truth, then we'll know what the guilt is on the part of whoever's been involved."^[66] Richard Brodsky (b. ... George Elmer Pataki (born June 24, 1945) is an American politician who was the 57th Governor of New York serving from January 1995 until January 1, 2007. ...

On August 1, 2007, Albany County District Attorney P. David Soares announced that his office would start investigations of possible wrongdoing by the Spitzer Administation. On November 12, 2007, a front page story in the New York Post alleged that various Spitzer aides had been directed to lie to investigators by their superiors [8] The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ...

Controversy over driver's licenses for illegal immigrants

On September 21, 2007, Spitzer issued an executive order directing that state allow illegal aliens to be issued driver's licenses effective December 2007.^[67][68] Applicants for driver's licenses would not be required to prove legal immigration status and would be allowed to present a foreign passport as identification.^[68] At that point, eight other states did not require individuals to prove their legal immigration status when applying for a driver's licenses.^[69] Spitzer said that the new policy would help all New Yorkers by improving traffic safety, because unlicensed drivers are nearly five times as likely to be in fatal car crashes compared to licensed drivers.^[68] Spitzer also claimed that the policy would effectively allow illegal immigrants to buy auto insurance, which would reduce the number of uninsured drivers in the state and therefore decrease insurance premiums for all New Yorkers by an estimated $120 million.^[68] Current EU driving licence, German version - front 1. ...

After meeting with the Department of Homeland Security in October 2007, Spitzer agreed that licenses issued to illegal aliens would look different from other licenses and that the new licenses would not allow access to airplanes and federal buildings.^[70] DHS redirects here. ...

The Spitzer proposal was met with massive criticism from both political parties.^[71] Critics charged that the plan would open the door for illegal aliens to obtain official identification and compromise security improvements made since September 11, 2001. His critics included Democratic presidential candidate Senator Christopher Dodd, who denounced the proposal at a debate held on October 30.^[72] After a day of equivocation following the debate, Senator Hillary Clinton issued a prepared statement that endorsed the plan.^[73] New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg opposed the executive order, calling it "inappropriate."^[74] Minority leader of the State Assembly, James Tedisco, promised a lawsuit to block the proposal.^[75] County clerks across the state would have been required to issue driver's licenses to illegal aliens, but thirteen county clerks promised not to do so.^[76] One such clerk who denounced the proposal was Erie County Clerk Kathy Hochul, who was appointed to serve an interim term in her office by Spitzer. She was elected to serve the remaining three years of the term of her predecessor, state Motor Vehicles Commissioner David Swarts, after vocally breaking with Spitzer. [9] Others who opposed the proposal included Democratic Congresswoman Kirsten Gillibrand^[77], Democratic County Executive Steve Levy of Suffolk County, and Long Island Democratic State Senator Craig Johnson.^[78] While the issue initially was significant only in New York, cable TV and talk radio made this a national controversy, as one of Spitzer's strongest critics was CNN host Lou Dobbs, who labeled Spitzer an "idiot" for this policy.^[79] While opposition to the driver's license proposal emerged from both political parties, Spitzer claimed his opponents were aligned with the "rabid right."^[78][80] The World Trade Center on fire The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. ... Christopher John Dodd (born May 27, 1944) is an American lawyer and politician from Willimantic, Connecticut. ... REDIRECT Hillary Rodham Clinton   This is a redirect from a title with another method of capitalisation. ... Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born 14 February 1942) is an American businessman, founder of Bloomberg L.P., and the current Mayor of New York City. ... James Tedisco represents District 110 in the New York State Assembly, which consists of portions of the city of Schenectady, as well as the City of Saratoga Springs, Ballston, Galway, Milton, and Glenville, among other communities located in Upstate New York. ... David Swarts is the Commissioner of the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, in the Cabinet of Gov. ... Kirsten Rutnik Gillibrand (born December 9, 1966) is a Democratic politician, elected on November 7, 2006, to represent New Yorks 20th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. ... Link title This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Suffolk County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. ... Craig Johnson is currently a State Senator for the State of New York. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... Louis Dobbs (born September 24, 1945), is the CNN anchor and managing editor for Lou Dobbs Tonight. ...

On October 21, 2007, the State Senate voted to oppose the Spitzer plan by a 39-19 vote. ^[81][82] Eight Democrats from moderate districts broke with Spitzer on the vote.^[81][82] After the vote the New York Times called this issue "Mr. Spitzer’s single most unpopular decision since he took office" The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

Following the State Senate's vote, Spitzer revised his plan again, proposing the issuance of a third type of driver's license.^[83] This driver's license would be available to only United States citizens who are New York State residents, and would be valid for crossing the Canadian border.^[83] Spitzer also announced that the expiration dates of temporary visas would be printed on the driver's licenses of individuals on temporary visas.^[83]

A poll conducted by Survey USA on October 3 reported that 56% of New Yorkers opposed the Governor's plan.^[84] By November 13, a poll by Siena College reported that 70% of New Yorkers opposed his plan; furthermore, only 25% would vote to reelect Spitzer.^[85] SurveyUSA is a polling firm in the United States. ... Siena College is a nationally recognized independent Catholic Liberal Arts College situated on US 9 in the suburban community of Loudonville, New York, two miles (3. ...

On November 14, the day following the release of the Siena College poll, Governor Spitzer announced he would withdraw the plan to issue driver's licenses to illegal immigrants, acknowledging that it would never be implemented.^[86][87][88] The decision drew derision from the press, as the Associated Press termed this reversal a "surrender."^[89] WCBS-TV labeled him "Governor Flip-Flop." ^[90] State Senator Ruben Diaz of the Bronx said he was "betrayed" by Spitzer's abandonment of the plan.^[91] The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... WCBS-TV, channel 2, is the flagship station of the CBS television network, located in New York City. ... Ruben Diaz Sr. ...

Loan investigation

The New York State Senate Investigations committee is considering investigating a controversial multi-million dollar loan the governor’s father Bernard Spitzer gave him when he ran for attorney general in 1998, a loan Mr. Spitzer has acknowledged not being truthful about.^[38][92] Senate Investigations Committee Chairman George Winner told The New York Post that subpoenas should be used to find out about the loans.^[93] Winner wrote to Senate Elections Committee Chairman Senator Joseph Griffo that an article profiling Spitzer in New York Magazine "outlined what may have been a willful effort by Eliot Spitzer and his father to circumvent campaign-contribution limits in New York state law and then conceal their actions."^[92] In 1998, Spitzer claimed that he secured the $5 million loan by mortgaging apartments his developer had given him, but later revealed that his father was actually paying off the loans and, therefore, financing his campaign.^[38][92] Hon. ... Hon. ...

Electoral history

• Faso also ran on the Conservative Party of New York ticket.

• Irizzary also ran on the Conservative Party of New York ticket.

• Vacco also ran on the Conservative Party of New York ticket.

This section does not cite any references or sources. Please improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (April 2007)

The New York gubernatorial election of 2006 will be a race for the state governorship. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... This article is about the modern United States Republican Party. ... John Faso (1952-) was the Republican nominee for Governor of New York, and was defeated by Democratic nominee Eliot Spitzer in the largest defeat for a Republican candidate in New York state history. ... This article is about the American political party, Green Party. ... Malachy McCourt during a 2006 CNN interview Malachy McCourt (born September 20, 1931 in Brooklyn, New York) was the 2006 Green party candidate for governor in New York State, losing to the Democratic candidate Eliot Spitzer. ... The Conservative Party of New York is an American political party active only in the state of New York. ... The New York gubernatorial election of 2006 will be a race for the state governorship. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... Thomas Suozzi Thomas R. Suozzi (born 1962) is a Democratic candidate for Governor of New York. ... The New York Attorney General election is held every four years. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... This article is about the modern United States Republican Party. ... Dora Irizarry is a Federal Judge in New York. ... The New York State Right to Life Party was founded to oppose the legalization of abortion in New York in 1970. ... This article is about the American political party, Green Party. ... The Libertarian Party is a United States political party created in 1971. ... The Conservative Party of New York is an American political party active only in the state of New York. ... The New York Attorney General election is held every four years. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... This article is about the modern United States Republican Party. ... Dennis Vacco was Attorney General of New York State. ... The New York State Right to Life Party was founded to oppose the legalization of abortion in New York in 1970. ... The Libertarian Party is a United States political party created in 1971. ... In American politics, the Green Party is a third party which has been active in some areas since the 1980s, but first gained widespread public attention for Ralph Naders presidential runs in 1996 and 2000. ... The Conservative Party of New York is an American political party active only in the state of New York. ... Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... This is a list of the Governors of New York. ... The Lieutenant Governor of New York is the second highest ranking official in the government of New York. ... 1979 - 1993 Republican Edward Regan 1993 - 2003 Democrat Carl McCall 2003 - present Democrat Alan Hevesi Category: ... See also Attorney General. ... Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  Politics Portal      Further information: Politics of the United States#Organization of American political parties The Democratic... Peter F. Vallone, Sr. ... Sandra Frankel is the Supervisor of the Town of Brighton, New York. ... H. Carl McCall (born 1935) is a former Comptroller of New York State and was the Democratic candidate in the 2002 election for state governor. ... Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is a Jewish American politician. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties/Parishes/Boroughs, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Liberal Party of New York is a dormant minor American political party... Betsy McCaughey Ross (born on October 20, 1948, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) was the lieutenant-governor of the State of New York from 1995 to 1999, during the first term of Republican Governor George Pataki. ... Dennis Mehiel is a New York businessman and political leader. ... Alan G. Hevesi (born 1940 in Queens, New York) is the Democratic Comptroller of the State of New York. ... The three classes of US Senators, each currently including 33 or 34 Senators (since Hawaii became the 50th state in 1959, and until another state is admitted), are a means used by the United States Senate for describing the schedules of Senate seats elections, and of the expiration of the... Blaise Thomas Tom Golisano (born 1942) is the billionaire founder of Paychex, the second-largest payroll processor in the United States, and owner of the Buffalo Sabres hockey team. ... Mary Donohue is the Lieutenant Governor of New York State. ... John Faso (1952-) was the Republican nominee for Governor of New York, and was defeated by Democratic nominee Eliot Spitzer in the largest defeat for a Republican candidate in New York state history. ... David A. Paterson (born May 20, 1954) is an American politician and the current Lieutenant Governor of New York. ... Andrew Mark Cuomo (born December 6, 1957, in New York City) is the New York State Attorney General, having been elected to that office on November 7, 2006. ... Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is the junior United States Senator from New York, and is a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2008 presidential election. ... Jeanine Pirro Jeanine Ferris Pirro (born June 2, 1951) is an American lawyer, prosecutor, and politician from the state of New York. ... The Working Families Party (WFP) is a left-wing-progressive minor political party in the US state of New York, which has now expanded efforts into a number of other states, including the creation of the Connecticut Working Families Party and organizing projects in a number of other states. ...

See also

• Global settlement
• Election results, New York Attorney General

The Global Settlement was a legal settlement reached to resolve issues of conflict of interest at brokerage firms. ... The New York Attorney General election is held every four years. ...

References

The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... “TIME” redirects here. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... CBS News logo, used from Sept. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The International Herald Tribune is a widely read English language international newspaper. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ... NPR redirects here. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... NY1 (pronounced New York One) is a twenty-four hour news channel available exclusively to over two million cable television customers within the five boroughs of New York City, nearby Bergen County, New Jersey, Mount Vernon in Westchester County as well as Time Warner Cable systems throughout New York State. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Bloomberg L.P. is a Financial Media Company founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1982. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The modern New York Sun is a daily newspaper published in New York City. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Ithaca Journal is a daily morning broadsheet newspaper published in Ithaca, New York. ... The Record (also known as The Troy Record) is a tabloid-style daily newspaper published in Troy, New York. ... The Observer-Dispatch is the major newspaper for Oneida County, Herkimer County, and parts of Madison County, and also services the greater Central New York area. ... The Star-Gazette is the major newspaper for Elmira, New York. ... The Buffalo News is the primary newspaper of the Buffalo, New York metropolitan area and its surrounding suburbs. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The Buffalo News is the primary newspaper of the Buffalo, New York metropolitan area and its surrounding suburbs. ... This article is about the Albany, New York newspaper. ... This article is about the Albany, New York newspaper. ... Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... The modern New York Sun is a daily newspaper published in New York City. ... is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Staten Island Advance is a daily newspaper published in the borough of Staten Island in New York City. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the Albany, New York newspaper. ... WINS (1010 kHz. ... The Journal News is a newspaper serving the New York counties of Westchester, Rockland, and Putnam. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pronounced is known as a financial market data provider and a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ... NY1 (pronounced New York One) is a twenty-four hour news channel available exclusively to over two million cable television customers within the five boroughs of New York City, nearby Bergen County, New Jersey, Mount Vernon in Westchester County as well as Time Warner Cable systems throughout New York State. ... Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... The Times Herald Record, often referred to as just The Record in its coverage area, is a daily newspaper published in Middletown, New York. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The Democrat and Chronicle is the primary daily newspaper that serves the Rochester, NY area. ... The Journal News is a newspaper serving the New York counties of Westchester, Rockland, and Putnam. ... The Observer-Dispatch is the major newspaper for Oneida County, Herkimer County, and parts of Madison County, and also services the greater Central New York area. ... is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Albany Times-Union is a daily newspaper, serving the area around Albany, New York. ... The Star-Gazette is the major newspaper for Elmira, New York. ... The modern New York Sun is a daily newspaper published in New York City. ... Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The modern New York Sun is a daily newspaper published in New York City. ... The Journal News is a newspaper serving the New York counties of Westchester, Rockland, and Putnam. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and the oldest to have been published continually as a daily. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ...

External links

Official sites:

• Governor of New York - Official Website of the Governor of New York
• Eliot Spitzer 2006 - Official 2006 gubernatorial campaign website
• Eliot Spitzer 2010 - Official 2010 gubernatorial campaign website

Nonpartisan:

• Follow the Money - Eliot L Spitzer 2006 campaign contributions
• On the Issues - Eliot Spitzer issue positions and quotes
• Project Vote Smart - Governor Eliot Spitzer (NY) profile

Biographies and profiles:

• National Governors Association - New York Governor Eliot Spitzer
• About.com - Eliot Spitzer
• "TIME Crusader of the Year 2002: Eliot Spitzer", by Adi Ignatius, December 21, 2002 issue of Time Magazine
• "Eliot Spitzer - How New York's attorney general became the most powerful man on Wall Street" - Profile by Daniel Gross from Slate's "Assessment" column, October 21, 2004
• "Corruption probe hits US insurers" - BBC News, 15 October 2004.
• http://www.eliotspitzerbook.com/ - website about a new biography of Eliot Spitzer called "Spoiling for a Fight: The Rise of Eliot Spitzer" by Brooke A. Masters (Times Books, July 2006)
• "The Small Laws: Eliot Spitzer and the Way to Insurance Market Reform," by Sean M. Fitzpatrick, 74 Fordham L. Rev. 3041 (2006)

Interviews: is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... Slate is an online news and culture magazine created in 1996 by former New Republic editor Michael Kinsley and owned by Microsoft (as part of MSN). ... is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

• Frontline: The Wall Street Fix - from the PBS-series Frontline, dated April 16, 2003.
• NOW with Bill Moyers: New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer - Streaming video and transcripts of Spitzer's multiple interviews on the PBS series NOW with Bill Moyers.
• "The Pollution Buster" - Interview with Elizabeth Kolbert in Fall 2004 issue of OnEarth Magazine, publication of the Natural Resources Defense Council.

Media coverage: Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ... FRONTLINE is a public affairs television program of varying length produced at WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts, and distributed through the Public Broadcasting Service network in the United States. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ... NOW is a PBS newsmagazine especially covering social and political issues. ... The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) [1] is a leftist, New York City-based, non-profit, non-partisan environmental advocacy group, with offices in Washington, D.C., San Francisco, and Los Angeles. ...

• New York Times - Eliot L. Spitzer collected news stories and commentary
• "Corruption probe hits US insurers" - BBC coverage of Spitzer's probe of insurance industry practices, October 15, 2004.
• "Spitzer targets music companies" - BBC coverage of Spitzer's prosecution of payola, October 22, 2004

Critics: For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

• Attorney General Watch - blog of the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank, critical of Eliot Spitzer and other state attorneys general.
• "Not Spitzer's Job" - article by Alan Reynolds, senior fellow of the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank. Reprinted from The Wall Street Journal
• "The unintended economic consequences of Spitzer" - Commentary by Mark Gilbert in The Royal Gazette of Bermuda (originally published by Bloomberg News)
• The Passion of Eliot Spitzer: Is he telling the truth as he tries to "take people out"? by Kimberley A. Strassel, The Wall Street Journal, May 2006
• Eliot Spitzer's Real Agenda... is Eliot Spitzer By Kimberley A. Strassel, The Wall Street Journal, May 2006
• Houston attorney Tom Kirkendall's collection of opinion and article references critical of the history of Eliot Spitzer as Attorney General.

Reports: The American Enterprise Institutes Logo The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is a neoconservative think tank, founded in 1943. ... Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favor tradition and gradual change, where tradition refers to religious, cultural, or nationally defined beliefs and customs. ... This article is about the institution. ... Alan Reynolds is a US supply side economist. ... The Cato Institute is a libertarian think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Institutes stated mission is to broaden the parameters of public policy debate to allow consideration of the traditional American principles of limited government, individual liberty, free markets, and peace by striving to achieve greater involvement... See also Libertarianism and Libertarian Party Libertarian,is a term for person who has made a conscious and principled commitment, evidenced by a statement or Pledge, to forswear violating others rights and usually living in voluntary communities: thus in law no longer subject to government supervision. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ... Bloomberg L.P. is the largest financial news and data company in the world, controlling 33% of market share. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an international daily newspaper published by Dow Jones & Company in New York City, New York, USA, with Asian and European editions, and a worldwide daily circulation of more than 2 million as of 2006, with 931,000 paying online subscribers. ...

• REPORT OF INVESTIGATION INTO THE ALLEGED MISUSE OF NEW YORK STATE AIRCRAFT AND THE RESOURCES OF THE NEW YORK STATE POLICE (New York State Attorney General)

v • d • e Governors of New York

G Clinton • Jay • G Clinton • Lewis • Tompkins • Tayler • D Clinton • Yates • D Clinton • Pitcher • Van Buren • Throop • Marcy • Seward • Bouck • Wright • Young • Fish • Hunt • Seymour • Clark • King • Morgan • Seymour • Fenton • Hoffman • JA Dix • Tilden • Robinson • Cornell • Cleveland • Hill • Flower • Morton • Black • T Roosevelt • Odell • Higgins • Hughes • White • J Dix • Sulzer • Glynn • Whitman • Smith • Miller • Smith • F Roosevelt • Lehman • Poletti • Dewey • Harriman • Rockefeller • Wilson • Carey • Cuomo • Pataki • Spitzer