Ella Fitzherald
photo by Carl Van Vechten, 1940
Background information
Birth name	Ella Jane Fitzgerald
Also known as	First Lady of Song; Lady Ella;
Born	April 25, 1917(1917-04-25) Newport News, Virginia, U.S.
Died	June 15, 1996 (aged 79) Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
Genre(s)	Ballads, swing, traditional pop, vocal jazz
Occupation(s)	Vocalist
Years active	1934-1993
Label(s)	Capitol, Decca, Pablo, Reprise, Verve
Website	www.EllaFitzgerald.com

Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996), also known as Lady Ella and the First Lady of Song, is considered one of the most influential jazz vocalists of the 20th Century.^[1] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (718x916, 300 KB) Summary Carl Van Vechten Licensing This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Carl Van Vechten (June 17, 1880 – December 21, 1964) was an American writer and photographer who was a patron of the Harlem Renaissance and the literary executor of Gertrude Stein. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Incorporated 1896 Government  - Mayor Joe Frank Area  - City  119. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... “Beverly Hills” redirects here. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A ballad is a story in song, usually a narrative song or poem. ... Swing music, also known as swing jazz, is a form of jazz music that developed during the 1920s and had solidified as a distinctive style by 1935 in the United States. ... mainstream pop music Traditional pop music is a neologism for Western popular music which encompasses music that succeeded big band music and preceded rock and roll as the most popular kind of music in the United States, most of Europe, and some other parts of the world. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In music a singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings, i. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Capitol Records is a major United States-based record label, owned by EMI. // The Capitol Records company was founded by the songwriter Johnny Mercer in 1942, with the financial help of movie producer Buddy DeSylva and the business acumen of Glenn Wallichs, (1910-1971) (owner of Music City, at the... It has been suggested that Decca Music Group be merged into this article or section. ... Pablo Records was a record label founded by Norman Granz in 1973. ... Reprise Records is an American record label, owned by Warner Music Group, operated through Warner Bros. ... Verve Records is an American Jazz record label, founded by Norman Granz in 1956, which absorbed the catalogues of his earlier labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953). ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Jazz royalty is a term that reflects the many great jazz musicians who have some sort of royal title in their names or nicknames. ... Jazz royalty is a term that reflects the many great jazz musicians who have some sort of royal title in their names or nicknames. ... For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ... In music a singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings, i. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

With a vocal range spanning three octaves, she was noted for her purity of tone, faultless phrasing and intonation, and a "horn-like" improvisational ability, particularly in her scat singing. She is widely considered to have been one of the supreme interpreters of the Great American Songbook.^[2] Human voices may be classified according to their vocal range — the highest and lowest pitches that they can produce. ... In music, an octave (sometimes abbreviated 8ve or P8) is the interval between one musical note and another with half or double its frequency. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Songwriter Harold Arlen (right) with singer Bing Crosby (left) and Decca Records owner Jack Kapp (center) Great American Songbook is an informal term referring to the interrelated music of Broadway musical theater, the Hollywood musical, and Tin Pan Alley, in a period that begins roughly in the 1920s and tapers...

Over a recording career that lasted fifty-seven years, she was the winner of thirteen Grammy Awards, and was awarded the National Medal of Art by Ronald Reagan and the Presidential Medal of Freedom by George H. W. Bush. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The National Medal of Arts is an award and title bestowed on selected honorees by the National Endowment for the Arts. ... “Reagan” redirects here. ... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States and is bestowed by the President of the United States (the other award which is considered its equivalent is the Congressional Gold Medal, which is bestowed by an... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. ...

Biography

Early life

She was born Ella Jane Fitzgerald in Newport News, Virginia, on April 25, 1917, the child of a common-law marriage between William and Temperance “Tempie” Fitzgerald.^[3] The pair separated soon after Ella's birth and she and her mother moved to Yonkers, New York, with Tempie's boyfriend, Joseph Da Silva. Ella's half-sister, Frances Da Silva, was born in 1923. Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Incorporated 1896 Government  - Mayor Joe Frank Area  - City  119. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Common-law marriage (or common law marriage), sometimes called informal marriage or marriage by habit and repute is, historically, a form of interpersonal status in which a man and a woman are legally married. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

In her youth, Ella wanted to be a dancer, though she loved listening to jazz recordings of Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby and The Boswell Sisters. She idolized the lead singer of the Boswell Sisters, Connee Boswell, later saying, "My mother brought home one of her records, and I fell in love with it....I tried so hard to sound just like her."^[4] Louis[1] Armstrong[2] (4 August 1901[3] – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo[4] and Pops, was an American jazz musician. ... Harry Lillis Bing Crosby (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer and actor whose career lasted from 1926 until his death in 1977. ... The Boswell Sisters on the cover of the reissue album collection Thats How Rhythm Was Born The Boswell Sisters were a singing group that attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s. ...

In 1932, Ella's mother died from injuries received in a car accident. After staying with Da Silva for a short time, Ella was taken in by Tempie's sister, Virginia. Shortly afterward, Da Silva suffered a heart attack and died, and her sister Frances joined Ella in Virginia.

Following these dramatic events, Ella's academic grades dropped dramatically, and she frequently skipped school. At one point, she worked as a lookout at a bordello and also with a Mafia-affiliated numbers runner.^[5] After getting into trouble with the police, she was taken into custody and sent to a reform school. Eventually Ella escaped from the reformatory, and for a time was homeless. Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... This article is about the criminal society. ...

She made her singing debut at seventeen on November 21, 1934 at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, New York. Ella's name pulled in a weekly audience at the Apollo and she won the opportunity to compete in one of the earliest of its famous "Amateur Nights." She had originally intended to go on stage and dance, but intimidated by the Edwards Sisters, a local dance duo, she opted to sing instead, in the style of Connie Boswell. She sang Hoagy Carmichael's "Judy" and "The Object of My Affection", a song recorded by the Boswell Sisters, and won the first prize of US$25.00.^[6] is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Apollo Theater marquee, c. ... For other uses, see Harlem (disambiguation). ... “NY” redirects here. ... Hoagland Howard Hoagy Carmichael (November 22, 1899 – December 27, 1981) was an American composer, pianist, singer, actor, and bandleader. ... The Boswell Sisters on the cover of the reissue album collection Thats How Rhythm Was Born The Boswell Sisters were a close harmony singing group that attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...

Big-band singing

In January 1935 she won the chance to perform for a week with the Tiny Bradshaw band at the Harlem Opera House. Ella met drummer and bandleader Chick Webb here for the first time. Webb had already hired male singer Charlie Linton to work with the band, and was, The New York Times later wrote, "reluctant to sign her....because she was gawky and unkempt, a diamond in the rough."^[4] Webb offered Ella the opportunity to test with his band when they played a dance at Yale University. Despite the tough crowd, Ella was a great success, and Webb hired her to travel with the band for US$12.50 a week. Myron (Tiny) Bradshaw (1905 – 1958) was an American jazz and rhythm and blues bandleader, singer, composer, pianist, and drummer from Youngstown, Ohio. ... William Henry Webb, usually known as Chick Webb (February 10, 1909–June 16, 1939) was a jazz and swing music drummer as well as a band leader. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... “Yale” redirects here. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...

Ella Fitzgerald photographed by Carl Van Vechten in 1940.

She began singing regularly with Webb's Orchestra through 1935, at Harlem's Savoy Ballroom. Fitzgerald recorded several hit songs with them, including "Love and Kisses" and "(If You Can't Sing It) You'll Have to Swing It (Mr. Paganini)" but it was her 1938 version of the nursery rhyme, "A-Tisket, A-Tasket", a song she co-wrote, that brought her wide public acclaim. Ella Fitzgerald, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Jan. ... Ella Fitzgerald, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1940 Jan. ... Carl Van Vechten (June 17, 1880 – December 21, 1964) was an American writer and photographer who was a patron of the Harlem Renaissance and the literary executor of Gertrude Stein. ... The Savoy Ballroom located in Harlem, New York City, was a medium sized ballroom for music and public dancing that was in operation from 1926 to 1958. ... A nursery rhyme is a traditional song or poem taught to young children, originally in the nursery. ... A Tisket A Tasket is a nursery rhyme. ...

Chick Webb died on June 16, 1939, and his band was renamed "Ella Fitzgerald and her Famous Orchestra" with Ella taking the role of bandleader. Ella recorded nearly 150 sides during her time with the orchestra, most of which, like "A-Tisket, A-Tasket", were "novelties and disposable pop fluff."^[4] is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Decca years

In 1942, Fitzgerald left the band to begin a solo career. Now signed to the Decca label, she had several popular hits, while recording with such artists as the Ink Spots, Louis Jordan, and the Delta Rhythm Boys. It has been suggested that Decca Music Group be merged into this article or section. ... The Ink Spots were an American vocal group that helped define the musical genre that eventually became known as doo-wop. ... Louis Jordan swinging on sax, Paramount Theatre, NYC, 1946 (Photo: William P. Gottlieb) Louis Jordan (July 8, 1908 – February 4, 1975) was a pioneering African-American blues, jazz and rhythm & blues musician and songwriter who enjoyed his greatest popularity from the late 1930s to the early 1950s. ...

With Decca's Milt Gabler as her manager, she began working regularly for the jazz impresario Norman Granz, and appearing regularly in his Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts. Fitzgerald's relationship with Granz was further cemented when he became her manager, although it would be nearly a decade before he could record her on one of his many record labels. Milt Gabler (20 May 1911 - 20 July 2001) was a noted American record producer. ... Norman Granz (Los Angeles, USA, August 6, 1918 - Geneva, Switzerland, November 22, 2001), was an American jazz music impresario and producer. ... Jazz at the Philharmonic (JATP) was the title of a series of concerts and recordings produced by Norman Granz. ...

With the demise of the Swing era, and the decline of the great touring big bands, a major change in jazz music occurred in this period. The advent of bebop caused a major change in Fitzgerald's vocal style, influenced by her work with Dizzy Gillespie's big band. It was in this period that Fitzgerald started including scat singing as a major part of her performance repertoire. While singing with Gillespie, Fitzgerald recalled, "I just tried to do [with my voice] what I heard the horns in the band doing."^[6] The Swing Era was the period of time (1935-1946) when big band swing music was the most popular music in America. ... A big band, also known as a jazz orchestra, is a large musical ensemble that plays jazz music, especially Swing. ... Bebop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. ... John Birks Dizzy Gillespie (October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was born in Cheraw, South Carolina. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Her 1945 scat recording of "Flying Home" would later be described by The New York Times as "one of the most influential vocal jazz records of the decade....Where other singers, most notably Louis Armstrong, had tried similar improvisation, no one before Miss Fitzgerald employed the technique with such dazzling inventiveness."^[4] Her be-bop recordings of "Oh, Lady be Good!" (in 1947) and "How High the Moon" were similarly popular, and increased her reputation as one of the leading jazz vocalists. The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... Louis[1] Armstrong[2] (4 August 1901[3] – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo[4] and Pops, was an American jazz musician. ... Oh, Lady be Good! is a 1924 (see 1924 in music) song by George and Ira Gershwin. ... How High the Moon is a song, now a jazz standard, by Nancy Hamilton (lyrics), Morgan Lewis (music). ...

Perhaps responding to criticism, and under pressure from Granz (who felt that Fitzgerald was given unsuitable material to record during this period), her last years on the Decca label saw Fitzgerald recording a series of duets with pianist Ellis Larkins, released in 1950 as Ella Sings Gershwin. Ellis Larkins (May 15, 1923 – September 30, 2002) was an African American jazz pianist, perhaps best known for his two recordings with Ella Fitzgerald, the albums Ella Sings Gershwin and Songs in a Mellow Mood. ... Pure Ella is a 1950 album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the pianist Ellis Larkins (see 1950 in music). ...

Move to Verve and mainstream success

Fitzgerald on the cover of her landmark 1956 album, Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook.

Still performing at Granz's JATP concerts, by 1955, Fitzgerald left the Decca label, and Granz, now her manager, created the jazz record company Verve around her. Image File history File links ColePorterSongbook. ... Image File history File links ColePorterSongbook. ... Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook is a 1956 (see 1956 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra conducted and arranged by Buddy Bregman. ... Jazz at the Philharmonic (JATP) was the title of a series of concerts and recordings produced by Norman Granz. ... It has been suggested that Decca Music Group be merged into this article or section. ... Verve Records is an American Jazz record label, founded by Norman Granz in 1956, which absorbed the catalogues of his earlier labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953). ...

Fitzgerald later described the period as strategically crucial, saying, "I had gotten to the point where I was only singing be-bop. I thought be-bop was 'it', and that all I had to do was go someplace and sing bop. But it finally got to the point where I had no place to sing. I realized then that there was more to music than bop. Norman....felt that I should do other things, so he produced The Cole Porter Songbook with me. It was a turning point in my life."^[4] Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook is a 1956 (see 1956 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra conducted and arranged by Buddy Bregman. ...

Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook, released in 1956, was the first of eight "Songbooks" Fitzgerald would record for Verve at irregular intervals from 1956 to 1964. The composers and lyricists spotlighted on each album, taken together, represent the greatest part of the cultural canon known as the Great American Songbook. Fitzgerald's song selections ranged from well-known standards to little-heard rarities, and represented an attempt by Fitzgerald to cross over into a non-jazz audience. Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook is a 1956 (see 1956 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra conducted and arranged by Buddy Bregman. ... Verve Records is an American Jazz record label, founded by Norman Granz in 1956, which absorbed the catalogues of his earlier labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953). ... Songwriter Harold Arlen (right) with singer Bing Crosby (left) and Decca Records owner Jack Kapp (center) Great American Songbook is an informal term referring to the interrelated music of Broadway musical theater, the Hollywood musical, and Tin Pan Alley, in a period that begins roughly in the 1920s and tapers...

Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook was the only Songbook on which the composer she interpreted played with her, Ellington and his longtime collaborator Billy Strayhorn wrote two new pieces of music for the album, "The E and D Blues" and he composed a four movement musical portrait of Fitzgerald. Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook is a 1957 album by the American Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Duke Ellington orchestra, focusing on Ellingtons songs. ... Billy Strayhorn, photographed by Carl Van Vechten on 14. ...

The Songbook series ended up becoming the singer's most critically acclaimed and commercially successful work, and probably her most significant offering to American culture. The New York Times wrote in 1996, "These albums were among the first pop records to devote such serious attention to individual songwriters, and they were instrumental in establishing the pop album as a vehicle for serious musical exploration."^[4] The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ...

A few days after Fitzgerald's death, The New York Times columnist Frank Rich wrote that, in the Songbook series, Fitzgerald "performed a cultural transaction as extraordinary as Elvis's contemporaneous integration of white and African-American soul. Here was a black woman popularizing urban songs often written by immigrant Jews to a national audience of predominantly white Christians."^[5] Frank Sinatra was moved out of respect for Fitzgerald to block Capitol from re-releasing his own albums in a similar, single composer vein. The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... Frank Rich (born June 2, 1949 in Washington, D.C.) is a columnist for The New York Times. ... Elvis Aron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), also known as The King of Rock and Roll, or as just simply The King, was an American singer who had an immeasurable effect on world culture. ... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ... “Sinatra” redirects here. ... Capitol Records is a major United States-based record label, owned by EMI. // The Capitol Records company was founded by the songwriter Johnny Mercer in 1942, with the financial help of movie producer Buddy DeSylva and the business acumen of Glenn Wallichs, (1910-1971) (owner of Music City, at the...

Ella Fitzgerald also recorded albums exclusively devoted to the songs of Porter and Gershwin in 1972 and 1983, the albums being Ella Loves Cole and Nice Work If You Can Get It, respectively. A later collection devoted to a single composer was released during her time with Pablo Records, Ella Abraça Jobim, featuring the songs of Antonio Carlos Jobim. Ella Loves Cole is a 1972 (see 1972 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald. ... Nice Work If You Can Get It is a 1983 (see 1983 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the pianist Andre Previn, and the double bassist Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen. ... Pablo Records was a record label founded by Norman Granz in 1973. ... Ella Abraça Jobim or Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Antonio Carlos Jobim Songbook is a 1981 studio album by Ella Fitzgerald, devoted to the songs of Antonio Carlos Jobim. ... Antônio Carlos Brasileiro de Almeida Jobim (January 25, 1927 in Rio de Janeiro – December 8, 1994 in New York City), or Tom Jobim (as he is fondly known in his home country), was a Brazilian composer, arranger, singer, pianist/guitarist and one of the primary forces behind the creation...

While recording the 'Songbooks' and the occasional studio album, Ella toured 40 to 45 weeks per year in the United States and internationally, under the tutelage of Norman Granz. Granz helped solidify Ella's position as one of the leading live jazz performers.^[4] Norman Granz (Los Angeles, USA, August 6, 1918 - Geneva, Switzerland, November 22, 2001), was an American jazz music impresario and producer. ...

The mid-1950s saw Ella become the first African-American to perform at the Mocambo, after Marilyn Monroe had lobbied the owner for the booking. The booking was instrumental in Fitzgerald's career. The incident was turned into a play by Bonnie Greer in 2005. This does not cite any references or sources. ... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ... The Mocambo was a nightclub in West Hollywood, California, at 8588 Sunset Boulevard on the Sunset Strip. ... Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926 – August 5, 1962), was a Golden Globe Award-winning American actress, singer, model and pop icon. ... Bonnie Greer (born November 16, 1948) is a Chicago born playwright and critic. ...

There are several live albums on Verve that are highly regarded by critics: Ella at the Opera House shows a typical JATP set from Ella, Ella in Rome is a verifiable 1950s jazz vocal masterclass, while Ella in Berlin is still one of Ella's biggest selling albums. 1964's Ella at Juan-Les-Pins and 1966's Ella and Duke at the Cote D'Azur both find a confident Ella accompanied by a stellar array of musicians. Verve Records is an American Jazz record label, founded by Norman Granz in 1956, which absorbed the catalogues of his earlier labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953). ... Ella at the Opera House is a 1958 (see 1958 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald. ... Jazz at the Philharmonic (JATP) was the title of a series of concerts and recordings produced by Norman Granz. ... Ella at Juan-les-Pins is a 1964 (see 1964 in music) live album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompianed by a trio led by the pianist Tommy Flanagan, with the trumpeter Roy Eldridge. ... Ella and Duke at the Cote DAzur is a 1967 (see 1967 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald and musician and composer Duke Ellington. ...

Later years

Verve Records was sold to MGM in 1963, for US$3 million, and in 1967 MGM failed to renew Ella's contract with them. Over the next 5 years, she flitted between several labels, namely Atlantic, Capitol and Reprise. A selection of Ella's material at this time represent a curious departure away from her typical jazz repertoire; for Capitol she recorded Brighten the Corner, an album of Christian hymns, Ella Fitzgerald's Christmas, an album of traditional Christmas carols, Misty Blue, a country and western influenced album, and 30 by Ella, a series of six medleys that neatly fulfilled Ella's obligations for the label. MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... Atlantic Records (Atlantic Recording Corporation) is an American record label, and operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Music Group. ... Capitol Records is a major United States-based record label, owned by EMI. // The Capitol Records company was founded by the songwriter Johnny Mercer in 1942, with the financial help of movie producer Buddy DeSylva and the business acumen of Glenn Wallichs, (1910-1971) (owner of Music City, at the... Reprise Records is an American record label, owned by Warner Music Group, operated through Warner Bros. ... Capitol Records is a major United States-based record label, owned by EMI. // The Capitol Records company was founded by the songwriter Johnny Mercer in 1942, with the financial help of movie producer Buddy DeSylva and the business acumen of Glenn Wallichs, (1910-1971) (owner of Music City, at the... Brighten the Corner is a 1967 (see 1967 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Misty Blue is a 1968 (see 1968 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald. ... 30 by Ella is a 1968 (see 1968 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald. ...

The surprise success of the 1972 album Jazz at Santa Monica Civic '72 led Norman Granz to found his first record label since the sale of Verve, Pablo Records. Ella recorded some 20 albums for the label. Her years on Pablo documented the decline in her voice; "She frequently used shorter, stabbing phrases," one biographer of Fitzgerald wrote, "and her voice was harder, with a wider vibrato.”^[3] Plagued by health problems, Fitzgerald made her last recording in 1989 and her last public performances in 1993.^[7] Jazz at Santa Monica 72 is a 1972 (see 1972 in music) live album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by a jazz trio led by the pianist Tommy Flanagan, and the Count Basie Orchestra. ... Pablo Records was a record label founded by Norman Granz in 1973. ...

Personal life

Ella's almost constant touring and recording from the mid 1930s till the early 1990s made sustaining any relationship difficult.

Fitzgerald married twice, though there is evidence that she may have married a third time. In 1941 she married Benny Kornegay, a convicted drug dealer and hustler. The marriage was annulled after two years.

Fitzgerald married for the second time in December 1947 to the famous bass player Ray Brown, whom she had met while on tour with Dizzy Gillespie's band a year earlier. Together they adopted a child born to Fitzgerald's half-sister, Francis, whom they christened Ray Brown, Jr. With the singer often busy touring and recording, the child was largely raised by Ella's aunt, Virginia. Fitzgerald and Brown divorced in 1953, due to the various career pressures both were experiencing at the time, though they would continue to perform together.^[4] Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French bow. ... Raymond Matthews Brown (October 13, 1926–July 2, 2002) was an American jazz double bassist. ... John Birks Dizzy Gillespie (October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was born in Cheraw, South Carolina. ...

In July 1957, Reuters reported that Fitzgerald had secretly married Thor Einar Larsen, a young Norwegian, in Oslo. She had even gone as far as furnishing an apartment in Oslo, but the affair was quickly forgotten when Larsen was sentenced to five months hard labour in Sweden for stealing money from a young woman to whom he had previously been engaged.^[3] Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pron. ... County District Østlandet Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ...

The singer was also notoriously shy. Trumpet player Mario Bauza, who played behind Ella in her early years with Chick Webb, remembered that "She didn’t hang out much. When she got into the band, she was dedicated to her music….She was a lonely girl around New York, just kept herself to herself, for the gig."^[3] When, later in her career, the Society of Singers named an award after her, Fitzgerald tellingly explained, "I don't want to say the wrong thing, which I always do. I think I do better when I sing."^[6]

Already blinded by the effects of diabetes, Fitzgerald had both her legs amputated in 1993. In 1996 she died of the disease in Beverly Hills, California, at the age of 79. She is interred in the Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California. Several of Fitzgerald's awards, significant personal possessions and documents were donated to the Smithsonian Institution, the library of Boston University, the Library of Congress, and the Schoenberg Library at UCLA. This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ... In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis. ... Partial hand amputation For the song Amputations by Death Cab for Cutie, see You Can Play These Songs with Chords Amputation is the removal of a body extremity by trauma (also referred to as avulsion) or surgery. ... “Beverly Hills” redirects here. ... Inglewood Park Cemetery is located at 720 E. Florence Avenue in Inglewood, California. ... Nickname: Location of Inglewood in Los Angeles County, California Coordinates: , Country State County Los Angeles Established 1888 Incorporated February 14, 1908 Government  - Mayor Roosevelt F. Dorn Area  - City  9. ... The Smithsonian castle, as seen through the garden gate. ... For similarly-named academic institutions, see Boston (disambiguation). ... The Library of Congress is the de facto national library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress. ... Binomial name Ucla xenogrammus Holleman, 1993 The largemouth triplefin, Ucla xenogrammus, is a fish of the family Tripterygiidae and only member of the genus Ucla, found in the Pacific Ocean from Viet Nam, the Philippines, Palau and the Caroline Islands to Papua New Guinea, Australia (including Christmas Island), and the...

Film and television

In her most notable screen role, Fitzgerald played the part of singer Maggie Jackson in Jack Webb's 1955 jazz film Pete Kelly's Blues. The film costarred Janet Leigh and singer Peggy Lee. Despite the fact that Ella had already worked in the movies (she had sung briefly in the 1942 Abbott and Costello film Ride 'Em Cowboy), she was "delighted" when Norman Granz negotiated the role for her, and, "at the time....considered her role in the Warner Brothers movie the biggest thing ever to have happened to her."^[3] Amidst The New York Times's pan of the film when it opened in August 1955, the reviewer wrote, "About five minutes (out of ninety-five) suggest the picture this might have been. Take the ingenious prologue....Or take the fleeting scenes when the wonderful Ella Fitzgerald, allotted a few spoken lines, fills the screen and sound track with her strong mobile features and voice."^[8] John Randolph Jack Webb (April 2, 1920 – December 23, 1982) was an American actor, television producer, director, and writer who is most famous for his role as Sergeant Joe Friday in the radio and television series Dragnet. ... Pete Kellys Blues is a 1955 film based on the original radio series. ... Janet Leigh (July 6, 1927 – October 3, 2004), born Jeanette Helen Morrison, was an American actress. ... Peggy Lee (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002) was an American jazz and traditional pop singer and songwriter and Oscar-nominated performer. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Ride Em Cowboy is a 1942 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. ... Warner Bros. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ...

Similar to another African-American jazz singer, Lena Horne, Fitzgerald's race precluded major big-screen success. After Pete Kelly's Blues, the singer appeared in sporadic movie cameos, in St. Louis Blues (1958), and Let No Man Write My Epitaph (1960). Much later, she appeared in the 1980s television drama The White Shadow. Lena Mary Calhoun Horne (born June 30, 1917 in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City, New York) is a popular singer of African-American descent. ... A number of short and feature films have been entitled . ... The White Shadow was a U.S. drama television series that ran on the CBS network from November 27, 1978 to March 16, 1981. ...

The singer also made numerous guest appearances on television shows, singing on the The Frank Sinatra Show, and alongside Nat King Cole, Dean Martin, Mel Tormé and many others. Perhaps her most unusual and intriguing performance was of the 'Three Little Maids' song from Gilbert and Sullivan's comic operetta The Mikado alongside Dame Joan Sutherland and Dinah Shore on Shore's popular weekly variety series in 1963. The Frank Sinatra Show was an ABC variety and drama series, starring Frank Sinatra, premiering on October 18, 1957, and last airing on June 27, 1958. ... Nathaniel Adams Coles, known professionally as Nat King Cole (March 17, 1919 – February 15, 1965) was a popular American singer, songwriter, and jazz pianist. ... Dean Martin (born Dino Paul Crocetti, June 7, 1917 – December 25, 1995) was an Italian American singer, film actor, and comedian. ... Melvin Howard Tormé (September 13, 1925 – June 5, 1999), nicknamed The Velvet Fog, is best known as one of the great male jazz singers. ... W. S. Gilbert Arthur Sullivan Gilbert and Sullivan refers to the Victorian era partnership of librettist W. S. Gilbert (1836–1911) and composer Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900). ... Operetta (literally, little opera) is a performance art-form similar to opera, though it generally deals with less serious topics. ... The Mikado, or The Town of Titipu, is a comic opera in two acts, with music by Arthur Sullivan and libretto by W. S. Gilbert, their ninth of fourteen operatic collaborations. ... Dame Joan Sutherland, OM, AC, DBE is a great Australian opera singer noted for her contribution to the bel canto revival of the 1950s and 1960s. ... Dinah Shore (born Frances Rose Shore February 29, 1916 - February 24, 1994) was an American singer and actress. ...

Fitzgerald also appeared in TV commercials, her most memorable being an ad for Memorex. In the commercials, she sang a note that shattered a glass while being recorded to a Memorex cassette tape. The tape was played back and the recording also broke the glass, asking "Is it live, or is it Memorex?" She also starred in a number of commercials for Kentucky Fried Chicken, singing and scatting to the fast-food chain's longtime slogan, "We do chicken right!" Established in 1961 in Silicon Valley, Memorex is today a consumer electronics brand of Imation specializing in recordable media (CD & DVD Drives), travel drives, flash storage, computer accessories and other electronics. ... KFC (full name Kentucky Fried Chicken) is a division of Yum! Brands, Inc. ...

Her final commercial campaign was for American Express, in which she was photographed by Annie Leibovitz. American Express (NYSE: AXP), sometimes known as AmEx or Amex, is a diversified global financial services company, headquartered in New York City. ... This article is about the American photographer. ...

Discography

Further information: Ella Fitzgerald discography

This article contains a listing of the jazz singer Ella Fitzgeralds, original LP albums and subsequent collections from her career. ...

Collaborations

Fitzgerald's most famous collaborations were with the trumpeter Louis Armstrong, the guitarist Joe Pass, and the bandleaders Count Basie and Duke Ellington. Louis[1] Armstrong[2] (4 August 1901[3] – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo[4] and Pops, was an American jazz musician. ... Joe Pass (born Joseph Anthony Passalaqua, January 13, 1929, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA, died May 23, 1994, Los Angeles, California), was a jazz guitarist. ... William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. ... This article is about the American Jazz composer and performer. ...

• Fitzgerald recorded three Verve studio albums with Armstrong, two albums of standards Ella and Louis (1956) and Ella and Louis Again (1957), and a third album featured music from the Gershwin musical Porgy and Bess. Fitzgerald also recorded a number of sides with Armstrong for Decca in the early 1950s.
• Fitzgerald is sometimes referred to as the quintessential swing singer, and her meetings with Count Basie are highly regarded by critics. Fitzgerald features on one track on Basie's 1957 album One O'Clock Jump, but it is her 1963 album Ella and Basie! that is remembered as one of Fitzgerald's greatest recordings. With the 'New Testament' Basie band in full swing, and arrangements written by a youthful Quincy Jones, this album proved a useful respite from the 'Songbook' recordings and constant touring that Fitzgerald was engaged in during this period. Fitzgerald and Basie also met on the 1972 album Jazz at Santa Monica Civic '72, and on the 1979 albums Digital III at Montreux, A Classy Pair and A Perfect Match.
• Fitzgerald and Joe Pass recorded four albums together toward the end of Fitzgerald's career. She recorded several albums with piano accompaniment, but a guitar proved the perfect melodic foil for her. Fitzgerald and Pass appeared together on the albums Take Love Easy (1973), Easy Living (1986), Speak Love (1983) and Fitzgerald and Pass... Again (1976).
• Fitzgerald and Duke Ellington recorded two live albums, and two studio albums. Her Duke Ellington Songbook placed Ellington firmly in the canon known as the Great American Songbook, and the 1960s saw Fitzgerald and the 'Duke' meet on the Côte d'Azur for the 1966 album Ella and Duke at the Cote D'Azur, and in Sweden for The Stockholm Concert, 1966. Their 1965 album Ella at Duke's Place is also extremely well received.

Fitzgerald had a number of famous jazz musicians and soloists as 'sidemen' over her long career. The trumpeters Roy Eldridge and Dizzy Gillespie, the guitarist Herb Ellis, and the pianists Tommy Flanagan, Oscar Peterson, Lou Levy, Paul Smith, Jimmy Rowles, and Ellis Larkins all worked with Ella mostly in live, small group settings. Verve Records is an American Jazz record label, founded by Norman Granz in 1956, which absorbed the catalogues of his earlier labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953). ... Ella and Louis is a 1956 studio album (see 1956 in music) by Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong. ... Ella and Louis Again is a 1957 studio album (see 1957 in music) by Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Jazz vocalists Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald collaborated on this recording of selections from George Gershwins Porgy and Bess. ... It has been suggested that Decca Music Group be merged into this article or section. ... William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. ... For the tune of the same name see One OClock Jump One OClock Jump is a 1957 (see 1957 in music) album by the American jazz and blues singer Joe Williams, with the Count Basie Orchestra. ... Ella and Basie! is a 1963 (see 1963 in music) album by the American Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie Orchestra, with arrangements by a youthful Quincy Jones. ... This article is about the producer and songwriter. ... Jazz at Santa Monica 72 is a 1972 (see 1972 in music) live album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by a jazz trio led by the pianist Tommy Flanagan, and the Count Basie Orchestra. ... Digital III at Montreux is a 1979 (see 1977 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by various jazz musicians, including Count Basie, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Joe Pass, and her former husband, the bassist Ray Brown. ... A Classy Pair is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie Orchestra, with arrangements by Benny Carter. ... A Perfect Match is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) live album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie Orchestra, and featuring Count Basie himself on the last track. ... Joe Pass (born Joseph Anthony Passalaqua, January 13, 1929, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA, died May 23, 1994, Los Angeles, California), was a jazz guitarist. ... Take Love Easy is a 1973 (see 1973 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the guitarist Joe Pass. ... Easy Living is a 1986 (see 1986 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the jazz guitarist Joe Pass. ... Speak Love is a 1983 (see 1983 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the jazz guitarist Joe Pass. ... Fitzgerald and Pass. ... This article is about the American Jazz composer and performer. ... Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook is a 1957 album by the American Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Duke Ellington orchestra, focusing on Ellingtons songs. ... Songwriter Harold Arlen (right) with singer Bing Crosby (left) and Decca Records owner Jack Kapp (center) Great American Songbook is an informal term referring to the interrelated music of Broadway musical theater, the Hollywood musical, and Tin Pan Alley, in a period that begins roughly in the 1920s and tapers... The Promenade des Anglais in Nice on the French Riviera at night. ... Ella and Duke at the Cote DAzur is a 1967 (see 1967 in music) album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald and musician and composer Duke Ellington. ... The Stockholm Concert, 1966 is a 1966 (see 1966 in music) live album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Duke Ellington Orchestra. ... Ella at Dukes Place is a 1965 album by Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Duke Ellington band. ... In music, a solo is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer (solo is an Italian word literally meaning alone). ... Roy David Eldridge (January 30, 1911 – February 6, 1989) was a jazz trumpet player in the Swing era. ... John Birks Dizzy Gillespie (October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was born in Cheraw, South Carolina. ... Mitchell Herbert (Herb) Ellis (born in 1921) is an American jazz guitarist. ... Thomas Lee Flanagan (born March 16, 1930 in Detroit, Michigan-died November 16, 2001 in New York City) was an United States jazz pianist particularly remembered as an accompanist of Ella Fitzgerald and many other performers. ... Oscar Emmanuel Peterson, CC, CQ, O.Ont. ... Lou Levy (1928 – 2001) was a bop-based pianist who worked with many top jazz artists. ... Paul Smith (April 17, 1922), also known as Paul T. Smith is a jazz pianist. ... Jimmy Rowles (August 19, 1918 – May 28, 1996) was an American jazz pianist who was best known as an accompanist. ... Ellis Larkins (May 15, 1923 – September 30, 2002) was an African American jazz pianist, perhaps best known for his two recordings with Ella Fitzgerald, the albums Ella Sings Gershwin and Songs in a Mellow Mood. ...

Perhaps Fitzgerald's greatest unrealized collaboration (in terms of popular music) was a studio or live album with Frank Sinatra. Unfortunately, Ella and Frank were to appear on the same stage only periodically over the years, in television specials in 1958 and 1959, and again in 1967, a show that also featured Antonio Carlos Jobim. Pianist Paul Smith has said, "Ella loved working with [Frank]. Sinatra gave her his dressing room on A Man and His Music and couldn’t do enough for her." When asked, Norman Granz would cite "complex contractual reasons" for the fact that the two artists never recorded together.^[3] Fitzgerald's appearance with Sinatra and Count Basie in June 1974 for a series of concerts at Caesar's Palace, Las Vegas was seen as an important impetus upon Sinatra returning from his self-imposed retirement of the early 1970's. The shows were a great success, and September of that year saw them gross US$1,000,000 in two weeks on Broadway, in a triumvirate with the Count Basie Orchestra. “Sinatra” redirects here. ... A Man and His Music + Ella + Jobim was a 1967 television special starring Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, and Antonio Carlos Jobim, accompanied by the orchestras of Nelson Riddle and Gordon Jenkins. ... Antônio Carlos Brasileiro de Almeida Jobim (January 25, 1927 in Rio de Janeiro – December 8, 1994 in New York City), or Tom Jobim (as he is fondly known in his home country), was a Brazilian composer, arranger, singer, pianist/guitarist and one of the primary forces behind the creation... William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. ... Caesars Palace is a luxury hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada. ... Vegas redirects here. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... For other uses of Broadway, see Broadway. ... William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. ...

Awards, citations and honors

Further information: List of Ella Fitzgerald's awards and accolades

This page contains a list of awards and accolades won by and awarded to Ella Fitzgerald. ...

Tributes

Albums

Statue of Ella Fitzgerald in Yonkers, New York.

The female jazz singers Ann Hampton Callaway, Dee Dee Bridgewater, and Patti Austin have all recorded albums in tribute to Fitzgerald. Callaway's album To Ella with Love (1996) features fourteen jazz standards made popular by Fitzgerald, and the album also features the trumpeter Wynton Marsalis. Bridgewater's album Dear Ella (1997) featured many musicians that were closely associated with Fitzgerald during her career, including the pianist Lou Levy, the trumpeter Benny Powell, and Fitzgerald's second husband, the double bassist Ray Brown. Bridgewater's following album, Live at Yoshi's, was recorded live on April 25th, 1998, what would have been Fitzgerald's 81st birthday. Patti Austin's album, For Ella (2002) features eleven songs most immediately associated with Fitzgerald, and a twelfth song, 'Hearing Ella Sing' is Austin's tribute to Fitzgerald. The album was nominated for a Grammy. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1177x802, 325 KB) Statue of Ella Fitzgerald in Yonkers, New York. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1177x802, 325 KB) Statue of Ella Fitzgerald in Yonkers, New York. ... Yonkers, just north of New York City in Westchester County, is the fourth largest city in the U.S. state of New York, with a population of 196,086 (according to the 2000 census). ... “NY” redirects here. ... Ann Hampton Callaway (born May 30, 1959) is a singer, composer, lyricist, pianist, and actress. ... Dee Dee Bridgewater (b. ... Patti Austin (born August 10, 1948, in Harlem, New York), to Edna and Gordon Austin, is an R&B and jazz music singer. ... Wynton Learson Marsalis (b. ... Dear Ella is a 1997 (see 1997 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Dee Dee Bridgewater. ... Live at Yoshis is a live 1998 (see 1998 in music) album by the American jazz singer Dee Dee Bridgewater. ... Grammy Award statuette The Grammy Awards, presented by the Recording Academy (an association of Americans professionally involved in the recorded music industry) for outstanding achievements in the recording industry, is one of four major music awards shows held annually in the United States (the Billboard Music Awards, the American Music...

In 2007 We All Love Ella, was released, a tribute album recorded for the 90th anniversary of Fitzgerald's birth. It featured artists such as Michael Bublé, Natalie Cole, Chaka Kahn, Gladys Knight, Diana Krall, k.d. lang, Queen Latifah, Ledisi, Dianne Reeves, Linda Ronstadt, and Lizz Wright, collating songs most readily associated with the "First Lady of Song". This article is about the artist. ... Natalie Maria Cole (born February 6, 1950), known professionally as Natalie Cole, is an American singer and songwriter. ... Album cover of What Cha Gonna do for Me? Chaka Khan (born March 23, 1953) is the stage name of the American singer Yvette Marie Stevens. ... Gladys Maria Knight (born May 28, 1944 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American R&B/soul singer and actress. ... Diana Jean Krall, OC, OBC (born November 16, 1964) is a Grammy award-winning Canadian jazz pianist and singer. ... Kathryn Dawn Lang, OC (born November 2, 1961), best known by the stage name k. ... Also see the Arab singer Latifa Dana Elaine Owens (born March 18, 1970 in Newark, New Jersey) is a Grammy-winning American rapper/singer, model, and Academy Award-nominated actress. ... Ledisi Anibade (pronounced LED-is-EE) is an R&B singer from New Orleans. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Linda Marie Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946 in Tucson, Arizona) is a popular vocalist with multiple Grammy Awards, numerous multi-platinum albums, an Emmy Award, a Tony Award nomination who has recorded over 30 studio albums and has made guest appearances on over 100 other albums. ... Lizz Wright (b. ...

The folk singer Odetta's album To Ella (1998) is dedicated to Fitzgerald, but features no songs associated with her, and Fitzgerald's long serving accompanist Tommy Flanagan affectionately remembered Fitzgerald on his album Lady be Good...For Ella (1994). Odetta (b. ... Odetta (Silverwolf album) redirects here - other self-titled albums by Odetta on different labels are: the 1963 compilation Odetta (Everest album); and 1967 album Odetta (Folkways album). ... Thomas Lee Flanagan (born March 16, 1930 in Detroit, Michigan-died November 16, 2001 in New York City) was an United States jazz pianist particularly remembered as an accompanist of Ella Fitzgerald and many other performers. ...

Fitzgerald is also referred to on the 1987 song "Ella, elle l'a" by French singer France Gall, the 1976 Stevie Wonder hit, Sir Duke from his album Songs in the Key of Life, and the song 'I Love Being Here With You', written by Peggy Lee and Bill Schluger. Frank Sinatra's 1986 recording of Mack the Knife from his album L.A. Is My Lady (1984), includes a homage to some of the song's previous performers, along the lines dreamt up on by Fitzgerald on her 1960 album Ella in Berlin, he naturally includes 'Lady Ella' herself. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 381 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1213 × 1909 pixel, file size: 4. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 381 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1213 × 1909 pixel, file size: 4. ... France Gall (born Isabelle Genevieve Marie Anne Gall on October 9, 1947 in Paris) is a popular French singer. ... Stevie Wonder (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins on May 13, 1950, name later changed to Stevland Hardaway Morris),[1] is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. ... Sir Duke is a song composed and performed by Stevie Wonder. ... Songs in the Key of Life is a landmark album by Stevie Wonder, released on September 28, 1976 (see 1976 in music), and is widely known and confirmed as Wonders magnum opus. ... Peggy Lee (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002) was an American jazz and traditional pop singer and songwriter and Oscar-nominated performer. ... “Sinatra” redirects here. ... Mack the Knife, originally Die Moritat von Mackie Messer, is a song composed by Kurt Weill with lyrics by Bertolt Brecht for their music drama Die Dreigroschenoper, or, as it is known in English, The Threepenny Opera. ... L.A. Is My Lady is a 1984 album by the American singer Frank Sinatra. ...

USPS stamp and Yonkers statue

There is a statue of Fitzgerald in Yonkers, the city in which she grew up. It is located south of the main entrance to the Amtrak/Metro-North Railroad station. On January 10, 2007, the United States Postal Service announced that Fitzgerald would be honored with her own 39 cent postage stamp. Yonkers, just north of New York City in Westchester County, is the fourth largest city in the U.S. state of New York, with a population of 196,086 (according to the 2000 census). ... Acela Express in West Windsor, NJ Amtrak Cascades service with tilting Talgo trainsets in Seattle, Washington Amtrak train in downtown Orlando, Florida For other uses, see Amtrak (disambiguation). ... The Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company, or MTA Metro-North Railroad, or, more commonly, Metro-North, is a suburban commuter rail service that is run and managed by an authority of New York State, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, or, more simply, the MTA. Metro-North runs service between New York... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ...

Quotes

This section is a candidate to be copied to Wikiquote using the Transwiki process. If the content can be changed to be more encyclopedic rather than just a list of quotes, please do so and remove this message. Otherwise, you can help by formatting it per the Wikiquote guidelines in preparation for the duplication. Image File history File links Edit-copy. ... Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...

Quotations about Fitzgerald

Harry Lillis Bing Crosby (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer and actor whose career lasted from 1926 until his death in 1977. ... Melvin Howard Tormé (September 13, 1925 – June 5, 1999), nicknamed The Velvet Fog, is best known as one of the great male jazz singers. ... Ira Gershwin (6 December 1896 – 17 August 1983) was an American lyricist who collaborated with his younger brother, composer George Gershwin, to create some of the most memorable songs of the 20th century. ... David Brinkley David McClure Brinkley (July 10, 1920 – June 11, 2003) was a popular American television newscaster for two different USA television networks, NBC, and later, ABC. From 1956 through 1970 he co-anchored NBCs top rated nightly news program, The Huntley–Brinkley Report with Chet Huntley. ... Arturo Toscanini (March 25, 1867 – January 16, 1957) was an Italian musician. ... This article is about the American Jazz composer and performer. ... John Royce Mathis (b. ... Marie Dionne Warrick (born December 12, 1940 in East Orange, New Jersey), known professionally as Dionne Warwick, is an African-American singer best known for her work with Hal David and Burt Bacharach as songwriters and producers. ... For other persons named Tony Bennett, see Tony Bennett (disambiguation). ...

Quotations of Fitzgerald

This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Apollo Theater marquee, c. ... Billie Holiday (April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959), born Eleanora Fagan and later called Lady Day was an American singer widely considered one of the greatest jazz voices of all time. ...

References

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Ella Fitzgerald Complete Discography
• Ella Fitzgerald at the Library of Congress
• Ella Fitzgerald's FBI record
• Ella Fitzgerald's Gravesite
• Official Web Site of Ella Fitzgerald
• Redsugar's Ella page
• 'Remembering Ella' by Phillip D. Atteberry
• Todd's Ella Fitzgerald Lyrics Page
• Ella Swings Gently - The Ella Fitzgerald Pages
• Ella Fitzgerald Tribute CD Video Footage

Songwriter Harold Arlen (right) with singer Bing Crosby (left) and Decca Records owner Jack Kapp (center) Great American Songbook is an informal term referring to the interrelated music of Broadway musical theater, the Hollywood musical, and Tin Pan Alley, in a period that begins roughly in the 1920s and tapers... Fred E. Ahlert (19 September 1892 - 20 October 1953) was an American composer and songwriter. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Irving Berlin (May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, one of the most prodigious and famous American songwriters in history. ... Ralph Blane (July 26, 1914 in Oklahoma — November 13, 1995) was a song writer best known for Meet Me in St. ... Reuben Bloom (born April 24 in New York City, 1902—died March 30, 1976 in New York City) was a Jewish American composer of popular songs. ... Sammy Cahn (June 18, 1913 – January 15, 1993) was an award-winning American lyricist, songwriter and musician, best known for his romantic lyrics to tin pan alley and Broadway songs, as recorded by Frank Sinatra, Doris Day and many others. ... Robert Louis Carleton (aka Bob Carleton) (b. ... Hoagland Howard Hoagy Carmichael (November 22, 1899 – December 27, 1981) was an American composer, pianist, singer, actor, and bandleader. ... Cy Coleman (June 14, 1929 - November 18, 2004) was an American composer, songwriter, and jazz pianist. ... Howard Dietz (September 8, 1896 - July 30, 1983) was an American publicist, lyricist, and librettist. ... Walter Donaldson (February 15, 1893 - July 15, 1947) was a prolific United States popular songwriter, producing many hit songs of the 1910s and 1920s. ... Vernon Duke (1903-1969), composer/songwriter, wrote such favorites as I Cant Get Started with lyrics by Ira Gershwin, April In Paris with lyrics by E.Y. (Yip) Harburg (1932), and What Is There To Say for The Ziegfeld Follies of 1934 also with Harburg. ... This article is about the American Jazz composer and performer. ... Sammy Fain (Samuel Feinberg, June 17, 1902 - December 6, 1989) was an Jewish-American composer of popular music. ... Dorothy Fields was immortalised on a USPS postage stamp. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Ira Gershwin (6 December 1896 – 17 August 1983) was an American lyricist who collaborated with his younger brother, composer George Gershwin, to create some of the most memorable songs of the 20th century. ... For others with the same name, see: John Green (disambiguation). ... For work done with Richard Rodgers, see Rodgers and Hammerstein Oscar Hammerstein II (July 12, 1895 – August 23, 1960) was a New-York born writer, producer, and (usually uncredited) director of musicals for almost forty years. ... Lorenz (Larry) Hart (May 2, 1895 - November 22, 1943) was the lyricist half of the famed Broadway songwriting team Rodgers and Hart. ... Isham Jones, 1922 Isham Jones (31 January 1894 – 19 October 1956) was a United States bandleader, violinist, saxophonist, bassist and songwriter. ... Jerome David Kern (January 27, 1885 – November 11, 1945) was an American composer of popular music. ... Burton Lane (February 2, 1912, New York City - January 5, 1997, New York City) was a composer and lyricist. ... Alan Jay Lerner (August 31, 1918 – June 14, 1986) was an American Broadway lyricist and librettist. ... Curtis Reginald Lewis (July 13, 1922, Wisconsin – Dec 31, 1987, Sonoma, CA), American composer of popular songs, many of which have become jazz standards, was one of the first black composers and lyricists to set up a publishing line of his own on Broadway in the early 1940s. ... Frederic Loewe, an Austrian-American composer (June 10, 1901 - February 14, 1988) worked with lyricist Alan J. Lerner in musical theater. ... Image:FrankLoesser1. ... Henry Mancini (April 16, 1924 – June 14, 1994), was an Academy Award winning American composer, conductor and arranger. ... Johnny Mandel (born 23 November 1925 in New York) is an American composer and arranger of popular songs, film music and jazz. ... Hugh Martin, born on August 11, 1914 in Birmingham, Alabama is an American theatre and film composer. ... Jimmy McHugh (July 10, 1894 - May 23, 1969), was one of the greatest and most prolific songwriters during the 1920s-1950s. ... John Herndon Johnny Mercer (November 18, 1909 – June 25, 1976) was a popular American songwriter and singer. ... Ray Noble was a British bandleader, composer, arranger and actor. ... Cole Albert Porter (June 9, 1891 – October 15, 1964) was an American composer and songwriter from Indiana. ... An autographed photo of Richard Rodgers Richard Charles Rodgers (June 28, 1902 – December 30, 1979) was one of the great composers of musical theater, best known for his song writing partnerships with Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II. He wrote more than 900 published songs, and forty Broadway musicals. ... Arthur Schwartz photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1933 Arthur Schwartz (November 25, 1900 - September 3, 1984) was an Jewish-American composer of popular music. ... Samuel Howard Stept[1] (aka Sam and Sammy) (b. ... Jule Styne (December 31, 1905 – September 20, 1994) was a British-born American songwriter, especially famous for a series of Broadway Musicals, which included several very well known and frequently revived shows. ... Jimmy Van Heusen (January 26, 1913 - February 7, 1990), was an American composer. ... Harry Warren (December 24, 1893 - September 22, 1981) was a music composer of many different styles. ... Paul Francis Webster (December 20, 1907-March 18, 1984) was an American lyricist. ... Richard A. Whiting (November 12, 1891-February 10, 1938) was a writer of popular songs. ... Vincent Youmans (September 27, 1898 - April 5, 1946) was an American popular composer and Broadway producer. ... Paul Albert Anka, OC (born July 30, 1941, in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian singer, songwriter and actor. ... Louis[1] Armstrong[2] (4 August 1901[3] – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo[4] and Pops, was an American jazz musician. ... Fred Astaire (May 10, 1899 – June 22, 1987), born Frederick Austerlitz in Omaha, Nebraska,[1] was an American film and Broadway stage dancer, choreographer, singer and actor. ... For other persons named Tony Bennett, see Tony Bennett (disambiguation). ... The Boswell Sisters on the cover of the reissue album collection Thats How Rhythm Was Born The Boswell Sisters were a close harmony singing group that attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s. ... The Boswell Sisters on the cover of the reissue album collection Thats How Rhythm Was Born The Boswell Sisters were a singing group that attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s. ... Early Ziegfeld Follies portrait of Fanny Brice Fanny Brice (October 29, 1891 – May 29, 1951) was a popular and influential American comedian, singer, theatre and film actress and entertainer, remembered best for her many stage, radio and film appearances and her recordings. ... This article is about the artist. ... Betty Carter Betty Carter (May 16, 1929 – September 26, 1998) was a prominent American jazz singer, who was renowned for her improvisational techniques. ... June Christy (born November 25th, 1925 - June 21st, 1990) was an American Jazz Singer popular in the 1950s. ... Rosemary Clooney (May 23, 1928 – June 29, 2002) was an American popular singer and actress. ... Nathaniel Adams Coles, known professionally as Nat King Cole (March 17, 1919 – February 15, 1965) was a popular American singer, songwriter, and jazz pianist. ... Pierino Ronaldo Perry Como (May 18, 1912 – May 12, 2001) was an Italian American crooner during the latter half of the 20th century. ... ‹ The template below (Taginfo) is being considered for deletion. ... Chris Connor is one of the really great jazz singers. ... Harry Lillis Bing Crosby (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer and actor whose career lasted from 1926 until his death in 1977. ... Doris Mary Ann von Kappelhoff (born April 3, 1924)[1] is an American singer, actress, and animal welfare advocate known as Doris Day. ... Blossom Dearie (born on April 28, 1926 in East Durham, New York) is an American jazz singer. ... Billy Eckstine (8 July 1914 – 8 March 1993), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as William Clarence Eckstein. ... Alice Faye, from her official Website, http://www. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... August 2007 Connie Francis (born December 12, 1938 in Newark, New Jersey) is an American pop singer best known for international hit songs such as Whos Sorry Now?, Where The Boys Are, and Everybodys Somebodys Fool. // Born Concetta Rosa Maria Franconero in the Italian Down Neck or... Judy Garland (born Frances Ethel Gumm; June 10, 1922 – June 22, 1969) was an Oscar-nominated American film actress and singer, best known for her role as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939). ... Annette Hanshaw (October 18, 1901 - March 13, 1985) was on of the first great female jazz singers. ... Johnny Hartman (1923-1983), a jazz singer who is remembered for his smooth performances of jazz ballads, is best known for his work with John Coltrane. ... Billie Holiday (April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959), born Eleanora Fagan and later called Lady Day was an American singer widely considered one of the greatest jazz voices of all time. ... Shirley Horn (May 1, 1934 – October 20, 2005) was an American jazz singer and pianist. ... Lena Mary Calhoun Horne (born June 30, 1917 in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City, New York) is a popular singer of African-American descent. ... Alberta Hunter (April 1, 1895 - October 17, 1984), was a celebrated African-American jazz singer, songwriter and nurse. ... Phyllis Hyman (July 6, 1949 - June 30, 1995) was a soul singer, model and actress. ... Howard Keel, born Harry Clifford Leek (April 13, 1919 – November 7, 2004) was an American actor who starred in many of the classic film musicals of the 1950s. ... Eugene Curran Kelly (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996), better known as Gene Kelly, was an American dancer, actor, singer, director, producer, and choreographer. ... Diana Jean Krall, OC, OBC (born November 16, 1964) is a Grammy award-winning Canadian jazz pianist and singer. ... Frankie Laine, born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio (March 30, 1913 – February 6, 2007), was one of the most successful American singers of the twentieth century. ... Dorothy Lamour (December 10, 1914 – September 22, 1996) was an American motion picture actress. ... Peggy Lee (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002) was an American jazz and traditional pop singer and songwriter and Oscar-nominated performer. ... Barry Manilow is an American singer and songwriter best known for his recordings I Write the Songs, Mandy and Copacabana. His career achievements include selling more than 75 million records worldwide. ... Dean Martin (born Dino Paul Crocetti, June 7, 1917 – December 25, 1995) was an Italian American singer, film actor, and comedian. ... John Royce Mathis (b. ... Carmen Mercedes McRae (April 8, 1920–November 10, 1994) was an American jazz singer. ... Bette Midler (born December 1, 1945) is an American singer, actress, and comedian, also known to her fans as The Divine Miss M. She is named after the actress Bette Davis although Davis pronounced her first name in two syllables, and Midler uses one. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Anita ODay (October 18, 1919 – November 23, 2006) was an American jazz singer. ... Patti Page (born Clara Ann Fowler on November 8, 1927 in Claremore, Oklahoma) is one of the best-known female singers in traditional pop music. ... Ginger Rogers (July 16, 1911 – April 25, 1995) was an Academy Award-winning American film and stage actress and singer. ... Dinah Shore (born Frances Rose Shore February 29, 1916 - February 24, 1994) was an American singer and actress. ... Eunice Kathleen Waymon, better known as Nina Simone (February 21, 1933–April 21, 2003), was an American singer, songwriter, pianist, and civil rights activist. ... “Sinatra” redirects here. ... Jo Stafford (born Jo Elizabeth Stafford November 12, 1917, in Coalinga, California) is an American pop singer whose career spanned the late 1930s through the early 1960s. ... Barbra Joan Streisand (born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, theatre and film actress, composer, liberal political activist, film producer and director. ... Melvin Howard Tormé (September 13, 1925 – June 5, 1999), nicknamed The Velvet Fog, is best known as one of the great male jazz singers. ... Sarah Lois Vaughan (nicknamed Sassy and The Divine One), (March 27, 1924 – April 3, 1990) was an American jazz singer, described as one of the greatest singers of the 20th century [1]. // Sarah Vaughan was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1924. ... Dinah Washington (August 29, 1924 – December 14, 1963) was a blues, R&B and jazz singer. ... For other persons named Andrew Williams, see Andrew Williams (disambiguation). ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Newport News is an independent city located in Virginia. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... For other uses, see: Beverly Hills (disambiguation). ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...