Emanuel Lasker (December 24, 1868 – January 11, 1941) was a German World Chess Champion, mathematician, and philosopher born at Berlinchen in Brandenburg (now Barlinek in Poland). December 24 is the 358th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (359th in leap years). ... 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... The 1984 World Chess Championship was between Anatoly Karpov (left) and Garry Kasparov (right). ... Leonhard Euler is considered by many to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is the person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ... A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ... Barlinek (German: ) is a town in Poland, in West Pomeranian Voivodship, in MyÅ›libórz County. ...   (Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of Germanys sixteen Bundesländer (federal states). ... Barlinek (German: ) is a town in Poland, in West Pomeranian Voivodship, in MyÅ›libórz County. ...

Emanuel Lasker

Image File history File linksMetadata Emanuel_Lasker. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Emanuel_Lasker. ...

Chess champion

In 1894 he became the second World Chess Champion by defeating Steinitz with 10 wins, 4 draws and 5 losses. He maintained this title for 27 years, the longest tenure of any officially recognized World Champion of chess. He defended his title successfully against Steinitz (1896), Frank Marshall (1907), Siegbert Tarrasch (1908), Carl Schlecter (1910) and David Janowski (1910). 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The 1984 World Chess Championship was between Anatoly Karpov (left) and Garry Kasparov (right). ... Wilhelm Steinitz Wilhelm (later William) Steinitz (May 17, 1836, Prague–August 12, 1900, New York) was an Austrian-American chess player and the first official world chess champion. ... This article is about the early 20th century chess champion. ... Siegbert Tarrasch Siegbert Tarrasch (March 5, 1862 – February 17, 1934) was one of the strongest chess players of the late 19th century and early 20th century. ... Carl Schlechter Carl Schlechter (March 2, 1874 - December 27, 1918) was a leading Austrian chess master at the turn of the 20th century. ... Dawid Janowski (1868 - 1927) was a leading Polish chess master. ...

His great tournament wins include London (1899), St Petersburg (1896 and 1914), New York (1924). This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... NY redirects here. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In 1921, he lost the title to Capablanca. He had already offered to resign to him a year before, but Capablanca wanted to beat Lasker in a match. He lost with the score of 5/14 without scoring a single win. Time Magazine, December 7, 1925 José Raúl Capablanca y Graupera (November 19, 1888 – March 8, 1942) was a Cuban world-class chess player in the early to mid-twentieth century. ...

In 1933, the Jewish Lasker and his wife Martha Kohn had to leave Germany because of the Nazis. They went to England, and, after a subsequent short stay in the USSR, they settled in New York. For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... National Socialism redirects here. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... NY redirects here. ...

Lasker is noted for his "psychological" method of play in which he considered the subjective qualities of his opponent in addition to the objective requirements of his position on the board. Richard Réti even speculated that Lasker would sometimes knowingly choose inferior moves if he knew they would make his opponent uncomfortable, although Lasker himself denied this. But, for example, in one famous game against Capablanca (St. Petersburg 1914) which he needed to win at all costs, Lasker chose an opening that is considered to be relatively harmless -- but only if the opponent is prepared to mix things up in his own turn. Capablanca, inclined by the tournament situation to play it safe, failed to take active measures and so justified Lasker's strategy. Lasker won the game. The game was a microcosim of Lasker's style; he invested little study in the opening, was tremendously resourceful in the middlegame and he played the endgame at the highest level. Indeed, even when Lasker was in his late 60s, Capablanca considered him the most dangerous player around in any single game. Richard Réti (1889 – 1929) was a Czechoslovakian chess player, although he was born in what was then Hungary. ...

One of Lasker's most famous games is Lasker - Bauer, Amsterdam, 1889, in which he sacrificed both bishops in a maneuver later repeated in a number of games. Some opening variations are named after him, for example Lasker's Defense (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Nf3 h6 7.Bh4 Ne4) to the Queen's Gambit. In 1895, he introduced a line that effectively ended the popular Evans Gambit in tournament play (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5 6.d4 d6 7.0-0 Bb6 8.dxe5 dxe5 9.Qxd8+ Nxd8 10.Nxe5 Be6). Lasker's line curbs White's aggressive intentions, and according to Reuben Fine, the resulting simplified position "is psychologically depressing for the gambit player." The chess game between Emanuel Lasker and Johann Hermann Bauer played in Amsterdam in 1889 is one of the most famous of all time on account of Laskers sacrifice of both bishops to blow away the pawn cover around his opponents king and win material. ... A chess opening is the group of initial moves of a chess game (the opening moves). ... The Queens Gambit is a chess opening that starts with the moves 1. ... The Evans Gambit is a chess opening with the moves (in algebraic notation) 1. ... Reuben Fine (October 11, 1914 - March 26, 1993) was one of the best chess players in the world during the 1930s. ...

Emanuel Lasker and his brother, 1907

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (522x625, 213 KB) Summary Dr. Emanuel Lasker and His Brother taken by Frank Eugene, American, 1865-1936 Platinum print, 1907. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (522x625, 213 KB) Summary Dr. Emanuel Lasker and His Brother taken by Frank Eugene, American, 1865-1936 Platinum print, 1907. ...

Mathematician

Lasker was also a distinguished mathematician. He performed his doctoral studies at Erlangen from 1900 to 1902 under David Hilbert. His doctoral thesis, Über Reihen auf der Convergenzgrenze, was published in Philosophical Transactions in 1901. Erlangen around 1915 Erlangen is a German city in Middle Franconia. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... David Hilbert (January 23, 1862, Königsberg, East Prussia – February 14, 1943, Göttingen, Germany) was a German mathematician, recognized as one of the most influential and universal mathematicians of the 19th and early 20th centuries. ... The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, or , is the oldest scientific journal printed in the English-speaking world, and was only three months shy of being the oldest in the world. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Lasker introduced the concept of a primary ideal, which extends the notion of a power of a prime number to algebraic geometry. He is most famous for his 1905 paper Zur Theorie der Moduln und Ideale, which appeared in Mathematische Annalen. In this paper, he established what is now known as the Lasker-Noether theorem for the special case of ideals in polynomial rings. In mathematics, an ideal in a commutative ring is a primary ideal if for all elements , we have that if , then either or for some This is clearly a generalization of the notion of a prime ideal, and (very) loosely mirrors the relationship in between prime numbers and prime powers. ... In mathematics, exponentiation is a process generalized from repeated multiplication, in much the same way that multiplication is a process generalized from repeated addition. ... In mathematics, a prime number (or a prime) is a natural number that has exactly two (distinct) natural number divisors. ... Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which, as the name suggests, combines abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with geometry. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Mathematische Annalen is a German mathematical research journal published by Springer-Verlag. ... In mathematics, the Lasker-Noether theorem provides a vast generalization of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic to embrace the rings of algebraic geometry. ... In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, an ideal is a special subset of a ring. ... In abstract algebra, a polynomial ring is the set of polynomials in one or more variables with coefficients in a ring. ...

Other facets of his life

He was also a philosopher, and a good friend of Albert Einstein. Later in life he became an ardent humanitarian, and wrote passionately about the need for inspiring and structured education for the stabilization and security of mankind. He also took up bridge and became a master at it, in addition to studying Go. A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ... Albert Einstein ( ) (March 14, 1879 – April 18, 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist widely considered one of the greatest physicists of all time. ... Contract bridge, usually known simply as bridge, is a trick-taking card game of skill and chance (the relative proportions depend on the variant played). ... Go is a board game for two players. ...

He invented Lasca, a draughts-like game, where instead of removing captured pieces from the board, they are stacked underneath the capturer. Lasca (also called Laska or Laskers) is a draughts variant, invented by the second World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker (1868–1941). ... Draughts (drafts or //) (British English) or checkers (American English) is a group of abstract strategy board games between two players which involve diagonal moves of uniform pieces and mandatory captures by jumping over the enemys pieces. ...

The poet Else Lasker-Schüler was his sister-in-law. Else Lasker-Schüler (born February 11, 1869 in Elberfeld, Wuppertal; died January 22, 1945 in Jerusalem) was a German Jewish poet. ...

Edward Lasker claimed that he was related to Emanuel Lasker. Edward Lasker (Breslau, December 3, 1885- New York, March 25, 1981) was a leading American chess and go player. ...

Notable chess games

• Lasker - Bauer, Amsterdam, 1889 - an external link is Emanuel Lasker vs Johann Hermann Bauer, Amsterdam 1889, Bird Opening: Dutch Variation (A03), 1-0 The first known game with a successful two bishops sacrifice; this type of combination is known as "Lasker-Bauer combination" since then.
• Harry Nelson Pillsbury vs Emanuel Lasker, St Petersburg 1895, Queen's Gambit Declined: Pseudo-Tarrasch. Primitive Pillsbury Variation (D50), 0-1 A brilliant sacrifice in the 17th move leads to a victorious attack
• Emanuel Lasker vs Jose Raul Capablanca, St Petersburg 1914, Spanish Game: Exchange. Alekhine Variation (C68), 1-0 Lasker, who needed a win here, surprisingly used a quiet opening, allowing Capablanca to simplify the game early. This psychological choice probably weakened Capablanca's attention and allowed Lasker to prevail in an interesting strategic struggle in the late middle game.

The chess game between Emanuel Lasker and Johann Hermann Bauer played in Amsterdam in 1889 is one of the most famous of all time on account of Laskers sacrifice of both bishops to blow away the pawn cover around his opponents king and win material. ...

Books

• Lasker's Manual of Chess, 1925, was as famous in chess circles for its philosophical tone as for its content.

Laskers Manual of Chess (German: Lehrbuch des Schachspiels) is a book on the game of chess written in 1925 by former World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker. ...

Quotations

• "The acquisition of harmonious education is comparable to the production and the elevation of an organism harmoniously built. The one is fed by blood, the other one by the spirit; but Life, equally mysterious, creative, powerful, flows through either." — from Manual of Chess

Further reading

• World chess champions by Edward G. Winter, editor. 19981 ISBN 0-08-024094-1
• J. Hannak, Emanuel Lasker: The Life of a Chess Master (1952, reprinted by Dover, 1991. Albert Einstein wrote the foreward to this book.). ISBN 0-486-26706-7
• Ken Whyld, The Collected Games of Emanuel Lasker (The Chess Player, 1998)
• Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best Games by Irving Chernev; Dover; August 1995. ISBN 0-486-28674-6

Edward Winter is a noted journalist and author about chess. ... Albert Einstein ( ) (March 14, 1879 – April 18, 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist widely considered one of the greatest physicists of all time. ... Kenneth Whyld (March 6, 1926 - July 11, 2003) was a British chess author and researcher, best known as the co-author (with David Hooper) of the Oxford Companion to Chess, the standard single-volume chess reference work in English. ...

External links

• Emanuel Lasker at ChessGames.com
• O'Connor, John J., and Edmund F. Robertson. "Emanuel Lasker". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.
• A biography of Lasker
• The Game of Lasca
• Kmoch, Hans. Grandmasters I Have Known: Emanuel Lasker. Chesscafe.com.
• Another Lasker biography
• Lasker's Chess Magazine, January 1905 edition, excerpts
• World Chess Championship 1921 Emanuel Lasker - José Raúl Capablanca
• World Chess Championship 1910 Emanuel Lasker - Dawid Markelowicz Janowski
• World Chess Championship 1910 Emanuel Lasker - Carl Schlechter
• World Chess Championship 1909 Emanuel Lasker - Dawid Markelowicz Janowski
• World Chess Championship 1907 Emanuel Lasker - Frank James Marshall
• World Chess Championship 1896 Emanuel Lasker - Wilhelm Steinitz
• World Chess Championship 1894 Wilhelm Steinitz - Emauel Lasker