Hermann Emil Fischer (October 9, 1852 - July 15, 1919) was a German chemist and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1902. Fischer was born in Euskirchen, near Cologne, the son of a businessman. After graduating he wished to study natural sciences, but his father compelled him to work in the family business until determining that his son was unsuitable. October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in Leap years). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... A chemist is a scientist who specializes in chemistry. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to the present day. ... 1902 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Cologne skyline at night. ...

Fischer then attended the University of Bonn in 1872, but switched to the University of Strasbourg in 1872. He earned his doctorate in 1874 with his study of phthalein and was appointed to a position at the university. In 1875 he followed one of his teachers to the University of Munich and became a professor of chemistry. In 1881 he became a professor at the University of Erlangen. The main building, viewed from the Hofgarten. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The University Palace in Strasbourg, and a monument to one of the universitys students, Johann Wolfgang Goethe The University of Strasbourg in Strasbourg, Alsace, France, is divided into three separate institutions. ... 1874 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... With approximately 48,000 students, the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (German: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München or LMU) is one of the largest universities in Germany. ... 1881 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Erlangen is a German city in Middle Franconia. ...

Fischer is noted for his work on sugars among other work the organic synthesis of (+) glucose ^[1] and purines. A sugar is a carbohydrate which is sweet to taste. ... Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ... A space-filling model of glucose Glucose, a simple monosaccharide sugar, is one of the most important carbohydrates and is used as a source of energy in animals and plants. ... Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. ...

His name can still be found in the names of many chemical reactions and concepts:

• Fischer indole synthesis
• Fischer projection
• Fischer oxazole synthesis
• Fischer peptide synthesis
• Fischer phenylhydrazine and oxazone reaction
• Fischer reduction
• Fischer-Speier esterification

German Chemical Society medals are named after him The Fischer indole synthesis is a chemical synthesis of the aromatic heterocycle indole from a (substituted) phenylhydrazine and an aldehyde or ketone under acidic conditions. ... Example: Fischer projection of D-Glucose In biochemistry, a Fischer projection is a representation of an organic molecule by projection. ... The Fischer oxazole synthesis is a chemical synthesis of the aromatic heterocycle oxazole from cyanohydrins and aldehydes in the presence of anhydrous hydrochloric acid. ...

See also

• List of chemists

This is a list of famous chemists: Contents: Top - 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Emil Abderhalden, (1877-1950), German chemist Richard Abegg, (1869-1910), German chemist...

External link

• Biography at nobel.se

References

^[1] E. Fischer, Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1890, 23, 799 ± 805.