Emile Acollas (1820 - 1891) was a French professor of Jurisprudence born in La Châtre. 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. ... La Châtre is a commune of the Indre département, in France. ...

He was one of the founders of the League of Peace and Freedom set up in 1867. His call for the conference gained 10,000 adherents including Victor Hugo, John Stuart Mill, Elisée Reclus, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Louis Blanc and Mikhail Bakunin. Karl Marx was dismissive and urged the newly formed International Workingmen's Association to have no official involvement. Acollas insisted that the first Conference, held in Geneva, should be called a "revolutionary conference". At the subsequent conference held in 1869 in Lausanne, Acollas attacked the very idea of monarchy. But the League was to collapse with the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Victor-Marie Hugo. ... John Stuart Mill (May 20, 1806 – May 8, 1873), an English philosopher and political economist, was an influential liberal and socialist thinker of the 19th century. ... Élisée Reclus (1878) Élisée Reclus (March 15, 1830 - July 4, 1905) was a French geographer and anarchist. ... Garibaldi in 1866 Garibaldi redirects here. ... Louis Jean Joseph Charles Blanc (October 29, 1811 - December 6, 1882), was a French politician and historian. ... Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin (Russian — Михаил Александрович Бакунин, Michel Bakunin — on the grave in Bern), (May 18 (30 N.S.), 1814–June 19 (July 1 N.S.), 1876) was a well-known Russian revolutionary often considered one of the “fathers of modern anarchism. // [edit] Early years Bakunin was born of an aristocratic family in... Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818, Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883, London, England) was an immensely influential philosopher from Germany, a political economist, and a socialist revolutionary. ... The International Workingmens Association (IWA), sometimes called the First International, was an international organization which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing political groups and trade union organizations that were based on the working class. ... Geneva (pronunciation //; French: Genève //, German: //, Italian: Ginevra) is the second most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich), and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French-speaking part of Switzerland). ... Lausanne is a city in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman), and facing Évian-les-Bains (France) and with the Jura hills to its north. ... Places where monarchies maintain rule appear in blue. ... Combatants Second French Empire North German Confederation allied with south German states (later German Empire) Commanders Napoleon III Helmuth von Moltke Strength 500,000[citation needed] 550,000[citation needed] Casualties 150,000 dead or wounded 284,000 captured 350,000 civilian [citation needed] 100,000 dead or wounded 200...

In 1870 Acollas had the post at the University of Berne, when the Paris Commune appointed him Dean of the Law Faculty of the University of Paris. However he never took up the post and avoided any recriminations, returning to Paris in 1871. He set up the Acollas Law School primarily for foreign students wishing to attend the University of Paris. 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... University of Berne The University of Berne is a university in the Swiss capital of Berne. ... Le Père Duchesne face to the statue of Napoleon I on top of the Vendome column: Eh ben ! bougre de canaille, on va donc te foutre en bas comme ta crapule de neveu !… (Here! savage rascal, we will put you down just as your crook of a nephew!… The... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... Part of the Paris skyline with from left to right: Montparnasse Tower, Eiffel Tower, and in the background, towers of neighboring La Défense. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Georges Clemenceau and the Japanese noble Saionji Kinmochi were both linked to the school. Saionji was to continue to visit Acollas, and later described him as his best friend in Europe. Acollas was interested in oriental language and becae a member of the Japanese Research Society. Other Japanese students included Nakae Chomin who was active in the Japanese Freedom and People's Rights Movement. Georges Clemenceau Georges Clemenceau[1] (28 September 1841 – 24 November 1929) was a French statesman, doctor and journalist. ... Kinmochi Saionji Saionji Kinmochi (西園寺 公望 Saionji Kinmochi October 23, 1849–November 24, 1940) was a Japanese politician and the 12th (January 7, 1906–July 14, 1908) and 14th (August 30, 1911–December 21, 1912) Prime Minister of Japan. ... World map showing Europe Political map (neighboring countries in Asia and Africa also shown) Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... Nakae Chomin 中江 兆民 Nakae Chōmin) , a. ... The Freedom and Peoples Rights Movement (自由民権運動, jiyu minken undo) was a Meiji period Japanese political and social movement that in the 1870s and 1880s pursued the formation of an elected legislature, the institution of civil rights and the diminishment of centralized taxation. ...

Acollas took a critical view of Rousseau's theory of rights, arguing that his ideas on individual autonomy would lead to a dictatorship of the majority. Rather he propsed a republican system of reprersentative government. His student Nakae translated Rousseau's Social Contract and became known as the "Rousseau of the East". Rousseau is a French surname. ... A dictatorship is a autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by a dictator. ... A majority is a subset of a group that is more than half of the entire group. ... In a broad definition, a republic is a state or country that is led by people whose political power is based on principles that are not beyond the control of the people of that state or country. ... Social contract theory (or contractarianism) is a concept used in philosophy, political science, and sociology to denote an implicit agreement within a state regarding the rights and responsibilities of the state and its citizens, or more generally a similar concord between a group and its members, or between individuals. ...

Acollas ran unsuccessfully in the French general election in 1876 calling for a complete amnesty for the communards, calling for a decentralised federalism, revocable mandates for elected representatives and free association a a way of gaining an equitable distribution of goods. These demands were similar to Bakunin's proposals at the Legaue for Peace and Freedom and are also present in the demands of the Japanese Popular Rights Movement. 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The Communards were also an 80s Britpop group Communard is an archaic term that is a synonym of communist. With respect to the history of France, the Communards were the supporters/members of the short-lived Paris Commune formed in the disturbed period immediately after the Franco-Prussian War. ...

Acollas is mentioned in Nakae's book A Discourse by Three Drunkards on Government 1887, where a chacter called "Shinshikun" (Highbrow) remarks: 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ...

Recently when the French philosopher Emile Acollas classified all the various kinds of laws, he ranked international law in terms of morality rather than jurisprudence. According to Acollas . . . (m)orality, unlike law, is made effective by the dictates of individual conscience. Similarly international law has no officials to enforce it, but depends instead only on the 'consciences' of the nations involved.