Emilio Castelar y Ripoll (1832-1899) was a Spanish republican, and a president of the First Spanish Republic. 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Flag of the Spanish Republics. ...

Castelar was born in Cadiz. He was an eloquent and literary man. He was appointed dictator of Spain in 1873, but not being equal to the exigency in the affairs of the State, he resigned, and made way for the return of monarchy, though under protest. He wrote a history of the "Republican Movement in Europe" among other works of political interest. This article is about the Spanish city. ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... For related meanings see also Monarch (disambiguation) A monarchy, (from the Greek monos, one, and archein, to rule) is a form of government that has a monarch as Head of State. ...

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of The Nuttall Encyclopaedia. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Nuttall Encyclopaedia is an early 20th century encyclopedia, edited by rev. ...