Emperor Gongdi 宋恭帝(1271-1323) was the 16th Emperor of Song China. He reigned from 1274 until his abdication in 1276. He was succeeded by his elder brother, Emperor Duanzong. Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Events May 7 - In France the Second Council of Lyons opens to consider the condition of the Holy Land and to agree to a union with the Byzantine church. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...
Gongdi was only four years old when he ascended the throne in 1274 after the death of his father, Emperor Duzong. His reign began under the regency of his grandmother, Grand Empress Dowager Xie and his mother Empress Dowager Quan.
During Gongdi's reign, the Song dynasty was crumbling under the invasion forces of the Mongols which have crossed the Yangtze River and enroute to capture the capital of Lin An (today's Hangzhou). Forced to capitulate, Grand Empress Dowager Xie surrendered to the Mongols. After Gongdi's capture he was demoted to the rank of a Duke and was instructed in 1289 by the Mongol emperor Kublai Khan to travel to Tibet to become a monk. The once child emperor of the Song dynasty eventually became a monk and lived on until 1323. He was 53. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Afternoon light on the jagged grey mountains rising from the Yangtze River gorge The Yangtze River (Simplified Chinese: 扬å江; Traditional Chinese: æšå江; pinyin: ) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world after the Amazon in South America and the Nile in Africa. ... Hangzhou (Chinese: æå·ž; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hang-chou) is a sub-provincial city in China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Kublai Khan or Khubilai Khan (September 23, 1215 – February 18, 1294), Mongol military leader, was Khan (1260 – 1294) of the Mongol Empire and founder and first Emperor (1279 – 1294) of the Chinese Yuan Dynasty. ... Tibet (older spelling Thibet; Tibetan: བོད་, Bod, pronounced pö in Lhasa dialect; Chinese: 西è—, pinyin: XÄ«zà ng or è—区 Zà ngqÅ« [the two names are used with different connotations; see Names section below]) is a region in Central Asia and the home of the Tibetan people. ... Events Canonization of Saint Thomas Aquinas Lithuania: Vilnius becomes capital August 12 - The Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and Novgorod (Russia) is signed, regulating the border for the first time Pharos of Alexandira Lighthouse (one of the Seven Wonders of the world) is destroyed by a series of earthquakes...
China as it exists today has been variously described in different points of view as a single civilization or multiple civilizations, as a single state or multiple states, and as a single nation or multiple nations.
The Song Dynasty fell to the invading Mongols in 1279.
China is composed of a vast variety of highly different landscapes, with mostly plateaus and mountains in the west, and lower lands on the east.
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