Emperor Sakuramachi (桜町天皇) (February 8, 1720 - May 28, 1750) was the 115th imperial ruler of Japan. He reigned from April 13, 1734 to June 9, 1747. His personal name was Teruhito (昭仁) and his title was ?? (若宮)
Geneology
He was the firstborn son of Emperor Nakamikado. He had three children by two women:
Court lady Nijō ?? (二条舎子)
First daughter: Princess Moriko (?) (盛子内親王)
Second daughter: Princess Toshiko (智子内親王) ( Empress Go-Sakuramachi)
In 1728, he became Crown Prince. In 1734, he became Emperor upon the abdication of his father, Emperor Nakamikado. In 1747, he abdicated in favor of Emperor Momozono. In 1750, he died at the age of 31.
He was said to be the reincarnation of Prince Shōtoku. With the support of Tokugawa Yoshimune, he worked for the restoration of Imperial rites, bringing back the Daijōsai (大嘗祭, the first ceremonial rice-offering by a newly-enthroned Emperor) and the Shinjōsai (新嘗祭, a ceremonial rice-offering by the Emperor) among others, and concentrated on restoring other courtesies. Also, it's said that his tanka excelled.
The role of the Emperor of Japan has alternated between that of a supreme-rank cleric with largely symbolic powers and that of an actual imperial ruler from the dawn of history until the mid-twentieth century.
Although the emperor performs many of the roles of a head of state, there has been a persistent controversy within Japan as to whether the emperor is in fact a true monarch in a political sense or merely a hereditary pretender, as a political servant of a constitutional parliamentary republic.
The acceptable imperial wives, brides for an emperor and for a crown prince, were even legislated into the Meiji-era imperial house laws, which stipulated that daughters of Sekke (the five main branches of the higher Fujiwara) and daughters of the imperial clan itself were primarily acceptable brides.
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