Emperor Yi of Chu (Traditional Chinese: 楚義帝, sometimes 南楚義帝, literally "the Righteous Emperor of Chu"), also known as Prince Huai of Chu (楚懷王), personal name Mi Xin (羋心) (d. late 206 BC or early 205 BC) was a key figure in the rebellions that led to the downfall of Qin Dynasty. Traditional Chinese (Traditional Chinese: 正體字/繁體字, Simplified Chinese: 正体字/繁体字) refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Second Punic War: Scipio Africanus Major destroyed the combined Carthaginian army of Mago Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco in the Battle of Ilipa, thus ending Carthaginian hold in Spain. ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 210 BC 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC - 205 BC - 204 BC 203 BC... Qin empire in 210 BC Capital Xianyang Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism Government Monarchy History  - Unification of China 221 BC  - Death of Qin Shi Huangdi 210 BC  - Surrender to Liu Bang 206 BC The Qin Dynasty (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chin Chao) (221 BC - 206 BC) was preceded...

Early life

Mi Xin was a descendant of the royalty of Chu, one of the major states in the Warring States Period. Specifically, he was the grandson of Mi Huai (羋槐), Prince Huai of Chu, but he was not in the main line of succession; there were four intervening princes of Chu before its destruction by Qin in 212 BC. Prince Huai had been remembered with deep affection by the people of Chu because of his tragic death; in 299 BC, he was tricked by Qin to an international conference with its prince and was kidnapped at that conference, and while he would live on for years, he would never be able to return to his land of Chu, and only his casket was returned after his death, which the people received with great honor and grief. State of Chu (small seal script, 220 BC) Chu (楚) was a kingdom in what is now southern China during the Spring and Autumn period (722-481 BCE) and Warring States Period (481-212 BCE). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... 13241322456878448 8mur ;pgho[nthhjtrughtugo0gu08u8g-=i980u8595i oprjiojmn kjlkiuh8909n07rugre8yg789e0 789g8ryrvugu89werh8 h6n 7h g89g9r6r9wg90yghgp4ghb r yrhgr rng4y2[2u=y780945y54ut5486ut549tj450t87uh845vnnyh g98hhggggy785y49y5gtvnyht758027y4nvth7nt57858857yvbnv5ty589vt58940uv5bnvby[1 In the First Battle of Capua, Hannibal defeats the consuls Quintus Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes, and soon reestablished the siege once again. ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296...

When Xiang Liang (項梁) led a coalition of anti-Qin rebels in the Chu region after Chen Sheng's death, he was advised by Fan Zeng (范增) to increase the appeal of the rebels by making a member of the Chu royalty the prince. After some search, he found Mi Xin, who was a shepherd at that time. (Mi's age at this time is not known.) Chen Sheng Wu Guang Uprising (Chinese: 陳勝吳廣起義, July 209 BC _ December 209 BC) was the first uprising by commoners in Chinese history. ...

As Prince of Chu

In summer 208 BC, Xiang made Mi Xin prince, with the title "Prince Huai of Chu," deliberately using the same title as his grandfather in order to attract the people of Chu to him (even though "Prince Huai" is a posthumous name and therefore otherwise inappropriate for a living monarch). Initially, he was effectively Xiang's puppet, but after Xiang's death in battle in winter 208 BC while fighting the Qin general Zhang Han, Prince Huai asserted himself on a greater scale and basically ruled in a collective leadership with the major generals, but having the final say. He issued an edict stating that whoever entered Qin proper (the core of the old Qin state, modern central Shaanxi) would be made the Prince of Qin. Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC 210 BC 209 BC - 208 BC - 207 BC 206 BC... A posthumous name (Traditional Chinese: 諡號/謚號 Simplified Chinese: 谥号; Pinyin: shì hào; Romaji: shigō/tsuigō; Revised Romanization of Korean: siho) is a honorary name given to royalty in some cultures posthumously, that is, after the persons death. ... Zhang Han 章邯 (?? - 205 BC) was a Chinese general of the Qin Dynasty. ...   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ShÇŽnxÄ«; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the Peoples Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling Mountains across the...

In winter 208 BC, Prince Huai would make a decision that would have more impact on history than it seemed at the time. Xiang Liang's nephew Xiang Yu, angry over Xiang Liang's death at the hands of Qin, had vowed to destroy Qin and volunteered to lead an expeditory force against Qin proper, along with another general, Liu Bang. Believing Xiang to be excessively cruel and impetuous, Prince Huai declined. Instead, he made Xiang the second-in-command to Song Yi (宋義) in an expeditory force to relieve Zhao Xie (趙歇), the Prince of Zhao, who was then under resurgent Qin siege by Zhang Han in his capital Handan (in modern city of the same name in Hebei) while putting Liu Bang in command, alone, of the expeditory force against the heart of Qin itself. Xiang Yu (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hsiang Yü; 232 BC - 202 BC) was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. ... Emperor Gao (256 BC or 247 BC–June 1, 195 BC), commonly known inside China as Gaozu, personal name Liu Bang, was the first emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, ruling over China from 202 BC until 195 BC, and one of only two dynasty founders who emerged from... Handan (Simplified: 邯郸; Traditional: 邯鄲; Hanyu Pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city located in the southwestern part of Hebei Province of China. ... Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Emperor Gao (256 BC or 247 BC–June 1, 195 BC), commonly known inside China as Gaozu, personal name Liu Bang, was the first emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, ruling over China from 202 BC until 195 BC, and one of only two dynasty founders who emerged from...

The two armies would both be very successful -- oddly, eventually at Prince Huai's detriment. The Zhao-relieving force, commanded by the arrogant Song, stopped on the way there because Song wanted to let Qin and Zhao wear each other out, not realizing the actual danger that Zhao was in. Xiang assassinated Song and then advanced quickly, saving Zhao and destroying much of the Qin force, eventually forcing Zhang Han to surrender in summer 207 BC and then advanced toward Qin proper. At the same time, however, Liu surprisingly easily advanced into Qin proper, and Qin's final ruler Ying Ying surrendered to him in winter 207 BC, ahead of Xiang's arrival, ending Qin Dynasty. Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 212 BC 211 BC 210 BC 209 BC 208 BC - 207 BC - 206 BC 205 BC... Ziying (子嬰 zi5 ying1) ( ? - end of January 206 BC) was the last ruler of the Qin Dynasty of China, ruling as King of Qin (秦王) from mid-October to the beginning of December 207 BC. He was the son of Fusu (扶蘇), who was the eldest son...

Downfall and death

Under Prince Huai's edict, Liu should be made the Prince of Qin. However, Xiang, angry that Liu robbed him of the victory he considered rightfully his, advised Prince Huai to renege on the promise. Prince Huai refused. In response, Xiang, working with other generals of the coalition (from both Chu and other rebel states), staged a coup d'etat. Then, under the guise of giving Prince Huai greater honor, Xiang honored him with the title of "Emperor Yi of Chu," but moved his "empire" to an uncivilized region centering Chencheng (郴城, in modern Chenzhou, Hunan), effectively exiling Emperor Yi into the wilderness. Xiang divided the remaining parts of the former Qin empire into 18 principalities. A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... A city located in the southern area of Hunan province, in China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning south of the lake). Hunan is sometimes called 湘 (pinyin: Xiāng) for short, after the Xiang River which runs through the province. ...

Still bearing a grudge against Emperor Yi, however, Xiang was not satisfied with merely exiling him. In winter 206 BC, Xiang forced Emperor Yi, who had been stalling for time, to start his trek to Chencheng. Xiang, meanwhile, issued a secret order to Ying Bu (英布), the Prince of Jiujiang; Wu Rui (吳芮), the Prince of Hengshan; and Gong Ao (共敖), the Prince of Linjiang, to have Emperor Yi assassinated. As Emperor Yi was crossing the Yangtze River, assassins placed on his ship by the three princes surprised him and killed him. Second Punic War: Scipio Africanus Major destroyed the combined Carthaginian army of Mago Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco in the Battle of Ilipa, thus ending Carthaginian hold in Spain. ... Mount Heng (Pinyin: Hengshan) is the name of two mountains in China: Mount Heng (Hunan) (è¡¡å±±) Mount Heng (Shanxi) (恒山) Category: ... The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), or Drichu in Tibetan (Tibetan: འབ; Wylie: bri chu) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America. ...

The death of Emperor Yi became a major point of political propaganda for Liu Bang in the Chu Han Contention. The Chu-Han contention (楚漢相爭 or 楚漢春秋, 206–202 BC) was a post-Qin Dynasty interregnum period in China. ...

Note: throughout this article, wang (王) has been translated as "prince." It can also be translated as "king," and is often so in translations involving the Warring States. The term prince, from the Latin root princeps, is used for a member of the highest ranks of the aristocracy or the nobility. ... For other uses, see Monarch (disambiguation). ...

References

• Shi Ji, vols. 7, 8[1].
• Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 8, 9.