NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Empetrum

Empetrum nigrum
Empetrum eamesii Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) â€ Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families See text The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons. ... Genera See text The plant Family Ericaceae (Heath Family) or ericaceous plants are mostly lime-hating or calcifuge plants that thrive in acid soils. ... A painting of Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von LinnÃ© ( listen?), and who wrote under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 â€“ January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. ...

Crowberry (Empetrum) is a small genus of dwarf evergreen shrubs that bear edible fruit. They are commonly found in the northern hemisphere, from temperate to subarctic climates, and also in the Andes of South America and on Tristan da Cunha (South Atlantic Ocean). The typical habitat is on moorlands, tundra and muskeg, but also in spruce forests. A willow shrub A shrub or bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 6 m tall. ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Spain. ... In geography, temperate latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. ... Regions having a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) are characterized by very cold winters, and brief, warm summers. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Tristan da Cunha is a remote island in the south Atlantic Ocean, at 37Â°8â€² S 12Â°28â€² W. It is a dependency of St. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Species About 35; see text. ...

There are two species of crowberry, E. nigrum (Crowberry) and E. eamesii (Rockberry). Both are evergreen mat forming shrubs, with small, light green needle-like leaves 3-10 mm long. The flowers are small and plain looking. The fruit is a fairly dry black berry, smaller than the alpine bearberry, but with somewhat better flavour, and looks similar to a blueberry. In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ... Wildflowers A flower is the reproductive organ of those plants classified as angiosperms (flowering plants; Division Magnoliophyta). ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Spain. ... Several types of berries from the market, but none of these are true berries. ... Species Arctostaphylos alpina - Alpine Bearberry Arctostaphylos rubra - Red Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Common Bearberry Bearberries are three species of dwarf shrubs in the genus Arctostaphylos. ... Species Vaccinium angustifolium Vaccinium arboreum Vaccinium ashei Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium melanocarpum Vaccinium myrsinites Vaccinium myrtilloides Vaccinium occidentalis Vaccinium pallidum Vaccinium tenellum Vaccinium vaccillans Vaccinium virgatum Blueberry refers to some plants of the genus Vaccinium, which also includes cranberries, bilberries (also called blueberry), and many wild shrubs producing edible, round, blue...

The genus was previously classified in its own family Empetraceae, but recent genetic studies by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group have resulted in the submergence of this family into the Ericaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group is an international group of systematic botanists who have come together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants in the light of the rapid rise of molecular systematics. ... Genera See text The plant Family Ericaceae (Heath Family) or ericaceous plants are mostly lime-hating or calcifuge plants that thrive in acid soils. ...

Uses

In subarctic areas, crowberry has been a vital addition to the diet of the Inuit and the Sami. After waning popularity due to its almost complete lack of flavour and dry texture, the crowberry is regaining its reputation as an edible berry. It gives a steady crop and the gathering is relatively easy. The high concentration of anthocyanin pigment can be used as a natural food dye. The Dena'ina harvest it for food, sometimes storing in quantity for winter, and like it mixed with lard or oil. They keep well in a cool place without any special preparation. Inuit woman Inuit (Inuktitut syllabics: áƒá“„áƒá‘¦, singular Inuk or Inuq / áƒá“„á’ƒ) is a general term for a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples of the Arctic who descended from the Thule. ... Sami flag The Sami people (also SÃ¡mi, Saami, Lapps and Laplanders) are an indigenous people of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia, covering a total area in the Nordic countries corresponding to the size of Sweden. ... Dena’ina (also Tanaina) is the Athabaskan language of the Cook Inlet area of Alaska, with four dialects located: Kenai Peninsula southcentral Alaska Upper Cook Inlet north of Anchorage, Alaska Coastal west side of the Cook Inlet Inland areas of the west side of the Cook Inlet Dena’ina can...

The berries are usually collected in the fall of the year but if not picked they may persist on the plant and can be picked in the spring. The raw berries are mealy and tasteless. The Inuit and Native Americans mix them with other berries, especially the blueberry. Cooking enhances the flavor. They make good pie and jelly. Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, Amerindians, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ...

The leaves and stems are used in Dena'ina medicine for diarrhoea and stomach problems; they are boiled or soaked in hot water, and the strained liquid drunk. Some claim the berry juice is good for kidney trouble.

The yellow-leaved cultivar Empetrum nigrum 'Lucia'

In Tanaina plantlore in the Outer and Upper Inlet area of Lake Clark, the root is also used as a medicine, being used to remove a growth on an eye and to heal sore eyes. The roots are boiled and the eyes are washed with the strained, cooled tea, to which a little sugar may be added. Some people say blackberry stems can be used in the same way for these ailments. Tanaina, also known as Denaina, is the Athabaskan language of the Cook Inlet area of Alaska, with four dialects located: Kenai Peninsula southcentral Alaska Upper Cook Inlet north of Anchorage, Alaska Coastal west side of the Cook Inlet Inland areas of the west side of the Cook Inlet Tanaina...

Crowberries contain mostly water. Their vitamin content is low, as is also the concentration of volatile liquids, the lack of which makes them almost odorless. The acidity is lower than is typically encountered in forest berries, and benzene acids are almost absent.

Crowberries are also occasionally grown as ornamental plants in rockeries, notably the yellow-foliage cultivar Empetrum nigrum 'Lucia' (photo, left). An ornamental is a plant variety that is grown for its beauty (in its end use), rather than commercial or other value. ... A rock garden, also known as a rockery or an alpine garden, is a type of garden that features extensive use of rocks or stones, along with plants native to rocky or alpine environments. ... This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ...

Uses

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