This article is a parent page for a series of articles providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. In biology and ecology endemic means exclusively native to a place or biota, in contrast to cosmopolitan or one of various ways of being not native (e. ...

The term endemic in the context of bird endemism, refers to any species found only in a specific area. There is no upper size limit for the geographical area. It would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as endemic to Earth; in practice, however, the largest areas for which the term is in common use are countries (e.g. New Zealand endemics) or zoogeographical subregions (West Indies endemics). This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

Birdlife International has defined the term restricted-range endemic as any species whose historical range is less than 50,000km². BirdLife International is the international conservation organization working to protect the world’s birds and their habitats. ...

Patterns of endemism

Endemism is particularly notable when not just a particular species is confined to given areas, but a whole higher-level taxon (e.g. genus, family or even order). In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. ... A family of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso in 1997 A family is a domestic group of people, or a number of domestic groups, typically affiliated by birth or marriage, or by comparable legal relationships including domestic partnership, adoption, surname and in some cases ownership (as was the case in the Roman... // Order may refer to: Religious Holy Orders, the rite or sacrament in which clergy are ordained The monastic orders, originating with Anthony the Great and Benedict of Nursia from circa 300 the military orders of the crusades the various chivalric orders established since the 14th century Honors Order (decoration) Legal...

Almost all orders are represented on at least two continents. The orders with the most-restricted range are the mousebirds (Coliiformes), found only in sub-Saharan Africa and the tinamous, found only in South and Central America. In biology, the range of an species is the geographical area within which that species can be found. ... Genera Colius Urocolius The mousebirds are a small group of near passerine birds which have no clear affinities to other groups, and are therefore given order status. ... A satellite composite image of Africa showing the ecological break between North and Sub-Saharan regions Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa south of the Sahara, is the term used to describe those countries of Africa that are not part of North Africa or some areas of West Africa. ... Genera The Tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird, members of a South American bird family of about 47 species in 9 genera. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Commonly, Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ...

At the level of family, endemism is exhibited widely. Examples include:

• The Kagu, a monotypic family found only on New Caledonia in the south Pacific Ocean
• The Palmchat, another monotypic family, found only on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean
• The kiwis, a family of five species found only in New Zealand
• The todies, a family of five species found only on the Greater Antilles
• The Hawaiian honeycreepers, a family found only on the Hawaian islands - see Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands and Endemic birds of Hawaii
• Australia has many endemic families - see Endemic birds of Australia
• Madagascar has a number of endemic families (plus others found only on Madagascar and nearby island groups) - see Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands

Binomial name Rhynochetos jubatus Verreaux & DesMurs, 1860 The Kagu (Rhynochetos jubatus) is a long-legged greyish bird found in the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia. ... Monotypic refers to a taxonomic group with only one subgroup at the next (smaller) taxonomic level, for example, a monotypic genus has only one species. ... Binomial name Dulus dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766) The Palmchat, Dulus dominicus, is a small (20 cm / 8 in long) passerine bird which is the sole member of the family Dulidae. ... Early map of Hispaniola The Hispaniola (from Spanish, La Española) is the second-largest island of the Antilles, lying east of Cuba. ... ... Alternative meanings at Kiwi (disambiguation) Apterygidae Apteryx Species A kiwi is any of the species of small flightless birds native to New Zealand of the genus Apteryx (the only genus in family Apterygidae). ... Species see text The todies are a family of tropical birds in the order Coraciiformes, which also includes the kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers. ... The Greater Antilles, an island group in the Caribbean Sea, are part of the Antilles. ... Genera Telespiza Psittirostra (extinct?) Dysmorodrepanis (extinct) Loxioides Rhodacanthis (extinct) Chloridops (extinct) Orthiospiza (extinct) Xestospiza (extinct) Pseudonestor Hemignathus Magumma (disputed) Akialoa (disputed; extinct) Heterorhynchus (disputed) Oreomystis Paroreomyza Vangulifer (extinct) Aidemedia (extinct) Loxops Ciridops (extinct) Vestiaria Drepanis (extinct) Palmeria Himatione Melamprosops (extinct?) Hawaiian honeycreepers are small passerine birds endemic to Hawaii. ... Located some 2,400 miles (4,000 km) from the nearest continental shore, the Hawaiian Islands are the most isolated group of islands on the globe. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International has defined the concept of an Endemic Bird Area (EBA). This is a region of the world which contains two or more restricted range species.

To support this, they have also introduced the Secondary Area concept, for areas which contain one or more restricted-range species.

See also:

List of Endemic Bird Areas of the World

List of Secondary Areas

The following is a list of Endemic Bird Areas of the world - see main article (Endemism in Birds). ...

List of articles on endemic birds of individual regions

The Palaearctic

• Endemic birds of the Western Palearctic
• Endemic birds of Central Asia
• Endemic birds of Japan

The Afrotropics and Malagasy regions This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

• Endemic birds of eastern Africa
• Endemic birds of western Africa
• Endemic birds of southern Africa
• Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands

The Asiatic region This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

• Endemic birds of the Indian Subcontinent
• Endemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Endemic birds of Borneo
• Endemic birds of Sulawesi and associated islands
• Endemic birds of The Philippines
• Endemic birds of Taiwan

Australasia & the Pacific This article is actively undergoing a major edit. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series (currently being created) providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

• Endemic birds of Australia
• Endemic birds of New Guinea and neighbouring islands
• Endemic birds of New Zealand
• Endemic birds of New Caledonia
• Endemic birds of Hawaii

North America This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ... This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

• Endemic birds of eastern North America
• Endemic birds of western North America
• Endemic birds of the West Indies
• Endemic birds of Mexico and northern Central America

South America

• Endemic birds of the Galápagos Islands

Other This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the Worlds various zoogeographic zones. ...

• Endemic birds of southern Atlantic islands

External links

• The Endemic Birds of Hispaniola