Enderbury Island (Ederbury Island, Enderbury Island, Guano) is a small, uninhabited atoll 63 km ESE of Kanton Island in the Pacific Ocean at 3 degrees, 8 minutes S, 171 degrees, 5 minutes W. It is about 1 mile (1.6 km) wide and 3 miles (4.8 km) long, with a reef stretching out about 60-200 metres. The island is flat and bare, with low shrubs and a few clumps of trees. Unlike other atolls, there is only a small lagoon; most of the atoll is land. An atoll is a type of low, coral island found in tropical oceans and consisting of a coral-algal reef usually surrounding an interior body of water called a lagoon or peninsula. ... Canton Island - NASA NLT Landsat 7 (Visible Color) Satellite Image Orthographic projection centred on Kanton Island Kanton Island (also known as Canton Island or Abariringa Island), alternatively Mary Island, Mary Balcout Island or Swallow Island, is the largest, most northern, and, as of 2005, the sole inhabited island of the...

Enderbury Island. Image courtesy of Image Science and Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center

Image File history File links ISS008-E-1827Enderbury. ... Image File history File links ISS008-E-1827Enderbury. ...

History

The island was first discovered in 1823, by a whaling expedition, and is named (though a misspelling) after Samuel Enderby, owner of an English whaling company. The first interest in Endebury came in 1860, with guano mining. The Guano Islands Act of 1856 allowed Americans to claim islands which had guano deposits; Enderbury was one of them. The start was slow, but guano mining in Enderbury reached its peak in 1870, under the Phoenix Guano Company, when 6,000 tons were mined and shipped in 64 days. The Americans left in 1877, and an English guano company took over in the 1880s, though it was not as productive. The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch. ... The Chincha guano islands in Peru. ... The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ... The Chincha guano islands in Peru. ...

Very little else occurred at Enderbury until 1938, when US President Franklin Roosevelt declared Enderbury, along with the nearby island of Kanton, to be under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of the Interior. These islands had been deemed a good strategic point for stopover of PanAm flights to Australia and New Zealand, though Enderbury itself was never used for this. Britain also claimed the islands, and in 1939, a deal was signed for America and Britain to share the islands in a condominium. The presidential seal was used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), often referred to as FDR, was the 32nd (1933–1945) President of the United States. ... Canton Island - NASA NLT Landsat 7 (Visible Color) Satellite Image Orthographic projection centred on Kanton Island Kanton Island (also known as Canton Island or Abariringa Island), alternatively Mary Island, Mary Balcout Island or Swallow Island, is the largest, most northern, and, as of 2005, the sole inhabited island of the... The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally-owned land. ... Pan American World Airways, commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal international airline of the United States from the 1930s until its collapse in 1991. ... In international law, a condominium is a territory in which two sovereign powers have equal rights. ...

Four colonists settled on the island in 1938, to uphold its American claim of ownership, but they were evacuated in 1942 during the World War II, and all buildings were destroyed to stop them from being used by the Japanese. Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead...

Today, Enderbury is home to many species of seabirds which roost there and is under the sovereignty of the Republic of Kiribati. Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ...

External links

• http://www.pacificislandtravel.com/kiribati/about_destin/enderbury.html