The Engagers in Scottish history were a moderate faction of the Covenanter movement, who ruled Scotland during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The Covenanters had fought on the side of the English Parliament in the first English Civil War, but after the Parliament's victory they feared being sidelined - especially by the more radical "independent" faction that had come to the fore in England, under Oliver Cromwell. As a result, they signed a secret treaty with Charles I in 1647, known as the engagement which promised that Charles would support the establishment of Presbyterianism in return for a military alliance. The Engagers sent an army to England to try and enfore this deal, but were routed by Cromwell at the battle of Preston in 1648. This defeat discredited the Engager party. The more radical Covenanters, known as the Kirk Party, insisted that any future deal with the King or other would have to include the public endorsment of their demands and not the secret promise of concessions in the future. The Covenanters, named after the Solemn League and Covenant, were a party that, originating in the Reformation movement, played an important part in the history of Scotland, and to a lesser extent in that of England, during the 17th century. ... Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ... The Wars of the Three Kingdoms include an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in Scotland, Ireland, and England between 1639 and 1651 which included the Bishops Wars of 1639 and 1640, the Scottish Civil War of 1644-5; the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Confederate Ireland, 1642-9 and... The English Civil War (or Wars) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, specifically to the first (1642–1645) and second (1648–1649) civil wars between the supporters of King Charles I and the supporters of... Unfinished portrait miniature of Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper, 1657. ... Charles I (19 November 1600–30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625, until his death. ... Events March 14 - Thirty Years War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm. ... Presbyterianism is a form of church government, practiced by many (although not all) of those Protestant churches (known as Reformed churches), which historically subscribed to the teachings of John Calvin. ... Two battles are known as the Battle of Preston: The Battle of Preston (1648) was a victory for Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists during the English Civil War. ... Events Peace treaty signed at Westphalia ends the Thirty Years War. ...

See also

• History of Scotland
• Scottish Civil War