Engelbert Dollfuss

Engelbert Dollfuss (German: Dollfuß) (October 4, 1892 - July 25, 1934) was an Austrian politician and dictator. October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in Leap years). ... 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... The Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. ... A politician is an individual involved in politics. ...

Born in Texing, Austria, Dollfuss was a religious youth who was educated at a seminary before deciding to study Law at the University of Vienna and then Economics at the University of Berlin. During World War I he had difficulty being drafted due to his short stature but he was eventually accepted and sent to the Alpine front, briefly becoming a POW in 1918. After the war, he worked for the Agriculture ministry as secretary of the Peasants' Association. He became director of the Lower Austrian Chamber of Agriculture in 1927 and in 1930 as a member of the conservative Christian Social Party he was appointed president of the Federal Railway System. The following year he was named minister of agriculture and forests. A seminary is a specialised university-like institution for the purpose of training candidates for positions within a religious context. ... Law (a loanword from Danish- Norwegian lov), in politics and jurisprudence, is a set of rules or norms of conduct which mandate, proscribe or permit specified relationships among people and organizations, provide methods for ensuring the impartial treatment of such people, and provide punishments for those who do not follow... The University of Vienna (German: Universität Wien) was founded in 1365 by Rudolph IV and hence named Alma mater Rudolphina. ... Economics is the social science studying production and consumption through measurable variables. ... There is no institution called the University of Berlin, but there are four universities in Berlin, Germany: Humboldt University of Berlin (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) Technical University of Berlin (Technische Universität Berlin) Free University of Berlin (Freie Universität Berlin) Berlin University of the Arts (Universität der Künste Berlin) This is... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... Alpine may refer to: Alpine, a breed of goat. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Farming, ploughing rice paddy, in Indonesia Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals ( livestock). ... Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) is one of the nine federal states or Bundesländer in Austria. ... Events January 7 - First transatlantic telephone call - New York City to London January 9 - Military rebellion crushed in Lisbon January 14 - Paul Doumer elected president of France January 19 - Britain sends troops to China February 12 - First British troops lad on Shanghai February 14 - Earthquake in Yugoslavia - 700 dead February... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

He became Chancellor on May 20, 1932 as head of a right-wing coalition government, designed to tackle the problems caused by the Depression. However, Dollfuss' majority in Parliament was almost non-existent; deflationary policies were unpopular and created deep hostility from the Austrian SDAPÖ, within Parliament and without. Consequently, Dollfuss suspended Parliament indefinitely in March 1933, and governed by decree. Dollfuss arguably also had another reason for the suspension of Democracy in Austria - The Nazis. With Hitler now German Chancellor, it looked increasingly likely that in future elections, the Austrian Nazis would gain a majority, and Austria would cease to exist as a state. Accordingly, Dollfuss banned the NSDAP in June, and The SDAPÖ (now SPÖ) was banned in February 1934. Chancellor ( Latin: cancellarius), an official title used by most of the peoples whose civilization has arisen directly or indirectly out of the Roman empire. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... The Great Depression was a global economic slump that began in 1929 and bottomed in 1933. ... Alternative meanings: Parliamentary system, Parliament (band), Parliament (cigarette). ... This article deals with democracy in its modern sense. ... The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945, standard German pronunciation in the IPA) was the Führer (leader) of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) and of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. ... The Nazi swastika The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), better known as the NSDAP or the Nazi Party was a political party that was led to power in Germany by Adolf Hitler in 1933. ... The Social Democratic Party of Austria (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, SPÖ) is a political party in Austria. ...

In September 1933 he formed an umbrella grouping to support the regime, the Vaterländische Front (Fatherland Front) and merged the Christian Social Party with the para-military Heimwehr (Home Guard), a Nationalist paramilitary group. The regime which was installed by him and remained in power until 1938 is often called Austrofascism. The form of state he employed was called the Ständestaat. The Heimwehr (German Home Guard) were a Nationalist, initially paramilitary grouping, operating within Austria during the 1920s and 1930s; they were similar in methods, organisation, and ideology to Germanys Freikorp. ... 1938 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Austrofascism is a term which is frequently used to describe the authoritarian rule installed in Austria between 1934 and 1938. ...

On July 25, 1934 eight Austrian Nazis entered the Chancellery building and shot and killed Dollfuss in an attempted coup, as a prelude to Anschluss. The Nazis surrendered, were executed, and Kurt Schuschnigg became the new dictator of Austria. July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... The general German term Anschluss is part of the specific political incident Anschluss Österreichs referring to the inclusion of Austria in a Greater Germany in 1938. ... Kurt von Schuschnigg (14 December 1897 - 18 November 1977) was an Austrian politician who in 1934 succeeded the assassinated Engelbert Dollfuss as dictator of Austria, as leader of the regime often called Austrofascism. ...

External Links

 Video: Dollfuß holds a speech in Burgenland 1933 (mpeg, 6,1 kb) (http://www.aeiou.at/aeiou.film.data.film/f029a.mpg)