Enkomi/Tuzla (35°9′30″N, 33°53′28″E, in north-western Cyprus), a village near Gazimagusa, is the cite of an important Bronze Age city, possibly the capital of Alasiya. The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ... Alashiya was an important state during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages. ...

From ca. the 16th century BC, it was an important trading center for copper. From the 13th century, there are competing towns along the south coast. From ca. 1200 BC, Enkomi was fortified. After an earthquake ca. 1050 BC, the site was abandoned, resulting in the rise of Salamis. General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic brown Atomic mass 63. ... Salamis may refer to Salamis Island in the Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, near Athens, Greece, where the Battle of Salamis was fought in 480 B.C.. Salamis, Cyprus, an ancient city on the east coast of Cyprus. ...

The site was excavated by A. S. Murray for the British Museum from 1896. From the 1930s, excavations were continued by Claude F. A. Schaeffer. The main entrance to the British Museum. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Notable finds from Enkomi include Linear C inscriptions and the so-called "horned god", a bronze statue dated to the early 12th century BC, depicting a deity wearing a horned helmet. Another well known statue is the "ingot god", a statue wearing a horned conical hat and greaves, is armed with shield and spear, and standing on a miniature hide-shaped ingot. The Cypro-Minoan syllabary, also known as CM I or Linear C is the Late Bronze Age syllabary used on Minoan Cyprus (in use roughly from the 15th to the 12th centuries BC). ... The Pashupati-like figure on the Gundestrup cauldron The Horned God is a modern syncretic term, invented to link together numerous male nature gods out of such widely-dispersed and historically unconnected mythologies as the Celtic Cernunnos, the Welsh Caerwiden, the English Herne the Hunter, the Hindu Pashupati, the Greek... Representation of a horned helmet from a Danish toy. ... A typical conical hat A conical hat is a simple straw hat common in East and Southeast Asia, particularly in Vietnam, China, Korea, and Japan. ...

Literature

• A. S. Murray, 'Excavations at Enkomi', in A. S. Murray/A. H. Smith/H. B. Walters (eds.), Excavations in Cyprus (London, British Museum, 1900).
• E. J. Peltenburg, 'From isolation to state formation in Cyprus: ca. 3500-1500 BC', in Vassos Karageorghis/D. Michalides (eds.), The development of the Cypriot economy from the prehistoric period to the present day (Nikosia 1999) 17-43.
• Claude F. A. Schaeffer, Nouvelles découvertes à Enkomi (Chypre). Comptes rendus, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres Paris, 1949.
• Claude F. A. Schaeffer, Enkomi-Alasia I (Paris 1952).