Enschede
Country	Netherlands
Province	Overijssel
Area (2006)
- Municipality	142.75 km²  (55.1 sq mi)
- Land	141.09 km² (54.5 sq mi)
- Water	1.67 km² (0.6 sq mi)
Population (1 January 2007)
- Municipality	154,684
- Density	1,096/km² (2,838.6/sq mi)
	Source: CBS, Statline.
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)

Raadhuisstraat in Enschede, with the Grote Kerk in the background

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Enschede

Enschede or Eanske in the local dialect (Twents) is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region. The municipality of Enschede consisted of the city of Enschede until 1935, when the rural municipality of Lonneker, which completely enclosed the city, was annexed after the rapid industrial expansion of Enschede, which had begun in the 1860's and involved the building of railways and the digging of the Twentekanaal. Location of Enschede. ... Flag of Overijssel Overijssel is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Statistics Netherlands is a Dutch governmental institution that gathers statistical information about the Netherlands. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Central European Time West Africa Time British Summer Time* Irish Summer Time* Western European Summer Time* Category: ... Though DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Summer Time (CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Eastern European Time Central Africa Time Israel Standard Time South Africa Standard Time Central European Summer Time West Africa Summer Time Category: ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 1499 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Enschede Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 1499 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Enschede Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The purpose of this page is to lay out our policies for handling sounds, and give people some useful information for handling sound files. ... Twents (or Tweants; sometimes known as Twentsch) is a West Dutch Low Saxon dialect spoken in Twente, a Dutch region near the German border, although it is also spoken in the nearby German border regions. ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ... Flag of Overijssel Overijssel is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country. ... Twente (or Twenthe) is a non-administrative region in the eastern Netherlands, containing the most urbanised and easterly part of the province of Overijssel. ... Location of Twentekanaal // Length = 65 km Shipping class = IV (after 2007: Va) Year operational = 1938 (connected to Almelo harbor in 1953) Runs from Almelo/Enschede to the river IJssel Runs through the provinces of Overijssel and Gelderland in The Netherlands Twentekanaal in Enschede Twentekanaal at the Dochterense bridge in the...

Enschede's latitude and longitude are 52°13'12.51" North, 6°53'47.27" East

Population centres

• Boekelo
• Enschede
• Glanerbrug
• Lonneker
• Usselo

Boekelo is a Dutch village just southeast of Enschede and west of Usselo. ... Enschede is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region. ... Lonneker is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. ... Usselo is a Dutch village just south of Enschede in the eastern Netherlands. ...

History

The early history of Enschede is largely unknown, but a settlement existed around the Old marketplace in early medieval times. The name of this settlement is mentioned as Anescede or Enscede meaning either "near the border" (with Bentheim) or "near the Es) and sported a church, a marketplace and a fortified aristocratic house. Bentheim (in full Grafschaft Bentheim (County of Bentheim)) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... ES can mean: ES Magazine, a weekly features and arts magazine included in the Evening Standard on Fridays El Salvador (FIPS 10-4 and obsolete NATO country code) Electrical sensitivity EliteSecurity, a web forum Engineering sample Ensemble Studios, a Microsoft-owned computer game making company Elder Scrolls, a CRPG video...

Enschede was granted city rights in 1325 by Jan van Diest, the Bishop of Utrecht and henceforth was allowed to protect itself with a wall. Since a stone wall was too expensive (as stone had to be imported) Enschede had a system of ditches, palisades and hedges instead, which is still reflected in the street-names Noorder-hagen and Zuiderhagen (North Hedge and South Hedge, respectively). The city plan of this era is still recognisable in the street-pattern. City rights are a medieval phenomenon in the history of the Low Countries. ... The origin of the Diocese dates back to 695 when St. ...

Fire

Since the medieval city was largely built of wood and stone houses were the exception, fire was a constant risk and a series of fires in 1517, 1750 and again on May 7, 1862 earned the people from Enschede the nickname Brandstichters (arsonists). Events March 2 - Small earthquake in London, England April 4 - Small earthquake in Warrington, England August 23 - Small earthquake in Spalding, England September 30 - Small earthquake in Northampton, England November 16 – Westminster Bridge officially opened Jonas Hanway is the first Englishman to use an umbrella James Gray reveals her sex... is the 127th day of the year (128th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Skyline Parkway Motel in Afton, Virginia after an arson fire on July 9, 2004. ...

Industrialisation

The last fire coincided with the start of the growth of the city into a large production center of textiles, originally as a cottage industry, but since the start of the 19th century on an industrial scale, especially the manufacture of bombazijn (a mixture of cotton and linen) proved an export hit.

The industrialisation stimulated a large increase in population, which at first was rather chaotic. The names of the slums (like De Krim and Sebastopol) are still notorious, although they have long since been torn down. In 1907 the laissez faire mentality was dropped and Enschede was the first city in the Netherlands to draw up an official expansion-plan, incorporating the (surrounding) municipality of Lonneker. Lonneker is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. ...

The end of the industrial age

In the 1970 the textile production in Enschede came to a halt and was transferred to the far east. This had a profound effect on the populace and Enschede became one of the poorest municipalities in the Netherlands and (de facto) went bankrupt. Large area's of industrial wasteland now marked the city.

With the support of the government, this property was acquired and rebuilt, the city center was rendered a car-free zone and the importance of Enschede as a Euregional Centre was stimulated and Enschede managed to rise from the ashes.

The fireworks disaster

Main article: Enschede fireworks disaster

On May 13, 2000, a fireworks storage in Enschede exploded, destroying an entire neighborhood (Roombeek) and killing 22 people, including 4 firemen. This catastrophe is known in the Netherlands as the Vuurwerkramp, Dutch for fireworks disaster. Smoke from the fire The Enschede fireworks disaster, called Vuurwerkramp (Dutch: literally, fireworks disaster), was caused by a fire which broke out in the SE Fireworks depôt on May 13, 2000, in the eastern Dutch city of Enschede. ... is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Fireworks over Miami, Florida, USA on American Independence Day Fireworks at Epcot, Florida, USA The Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House illuminated under New Years Eve Fireworks 2005 A Fireworks event (also called a fireworks show) or Pyrotechnics is a spectacular display of the effects produced by... Memorial to the disaster Vuurwerkramp (Dutch for fireworks disaster) is the name of the fireworks incident that happened on May 13, 2000 in the Dutch town of Enschede. ...

In 2001 a referendum confirmed the proposal of the city council to expand the built-up area into the Usseler Es, an area of some historic (agri-)cultural importance. Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...

Large scale construction and renovation activities in the city center have been ongoing for several years.

Economy

Het ei van Ko (Ko's egg) fountain

The city is a former centre of textile production. When this industry left the area for cheaper production centers in South-East Asia, Enschede became one of the poorest municipalities in the Netherlands. The biggest challenge of the city is to prevent higher educated (wealthy) citizens from moving to the west (Randstad). Decades of renovation work in the city center have been carried out with the goal of making Enschede more attractive to this group. Modern shopping centers and department stores that until now were only found in much larger cities have been opened. Enschede is host to many yearly festivals and the Old Market Square is often the venue for events, live music and other activities on the weekend. After some hesitation on the part of the city council, Enschede was able to host Roze Zaterdag in the summer of 2004 which was a huge success. This not only gave the local economy a boost, but also drew positive attention to Enschede's gay community, the largest in the east of the Netherlands. In many aspects, Enschede is admittedly trying to present itself as the Amsterdam of the east. In reality Enschede has more in common with Berlin. Like the German capital Enschede has a troubled urban economy, but is still home to a vibrant artistic scene. Also the city's laid-back attitude, by some contributed to the relatively low economic activity of it's inhabitants (labour participation was about 57% in 2006) and the large numbers of students, artists and (semi-) government employees, make for a 'Berlinesque' athmosphere. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2272x1704, 1700 KB) The Ei van Ko, so called by popular consent after the mayor who had it build, is a popular meeting spot in the centre of Enschede. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2272x1704, 1700 KB) The Ei van Ko, so called by popular consent after the mayor who had it build, is a popular meeting spot in the centre of Enschede. ... Schematic map of the Randstad. ... Baton twirlers perform in the 2002 Divers-Cité pride parade in downtown Montreal A pride parade is part of a festival or ceremony held by the LGBT community of a city to commemorate the struggle for gay liberation, gay rights, and Lesbian and Gay pride. ... It has been suggested that Mokum be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

The proximity to Germany has, historically, been another major factor in economic activity, ranging from the smuggling of coffee and tobacco in the 19th and 20th century, to large numbers of Germans, who visit the cities shops and (especially) the weekly markets. Natives of Enschede can therefore be expected to speak German more or less fluently.

The city is cooperating with the nearby municipalities of Almelo, Borne and Hengelo as Netwerkstad Twente. A governmental plan to merge with Hengelo was discarded by local opposition. Almelo is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Borne (Overijssel) Borne is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. ... Hengelo is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel. ...

Research, education and health care

The Universiteit Twente, a university with mostly technical studies, is located in Enschede. It is one of the three technical universities in the Netherlands (besides Delft University of Technology and Eindhoven University of Technology) and there are plans to merge them for financial reasons. Art on the campus University Twente is a university located in Enschede, Netherlands. ... Founded in 1842, the Delft University of Technology, in Delft, the Netherlands, is one of the oldest, largest, and most comprehensive technical universities in the Netherlands, with over 13,000 students and 2,100 scientists (including 200 professors). ... The Eindhoven University of Technology (in Dutch: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven or TU/e, and formerly Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven or THE) is a technical university located in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. ...

The university both has courses in pure technical studies such as Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, but also courses in Communication, Psychology, Economical Sciences, Business, Public Administration, Applied Medicine and Biomedical Technology which attracts a broader public. Since 2006, the programme of European Studies has been added to the university's programme.

Enschede is also home to one of the three campuses of Saxion University (Saxion Hogeschool Enschede), a polytechnical school offering internationally recognized Bachelors and Masters degrees in a wide range of fields including engineering, economics and health care. The other campuses are located in Deventer and Apeldoorn. The term polytechnic, from the Greek πολύ polú meaning many and τεχνικός tekhnikós meaning arts, is commonly used in many countries to describe an institution that delivers vocational or technical education and training, other countries do not use the term and use alternative terminology. ... Deventer is a municipality and city in the Salland region of the Dutch province of Overijssel. ... Satellite picture Apeldoorn ( (help· info)) is a municipality and a town in the province of Gelderland, about 60 miles east of Amsterdam, in central Netherlands. ...

The International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (known by its abbreviation ITC) is famous for its MSc, Masters, Diploma and PhD courses in Geo-information Science for developing countries. Students from all over the world attend the ITC. ITC Logo International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation The International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) is an institute of higher (tertiary) education located in Enschede, The Netherlands. ...

Enschede also has a conservatory and an academy of arts and design. A music school or conservatoire (British English) — also known as a conservatory (American English) or a conservatorium (Australian English) — is an institution dedicated to teaching the art of music, including the playing of musical instruments, musical composition, musicianship, music history, and music theory. ... Marie Bashkirtseff, In the Studio, 1881, Dnipropetrovsk State Art Museum, Dnipropetrovsk. ...

The Medisch Spectrum Twente (MST) hospital is one of the largest top-clinical hospitals of the Netherlands and features important tertiary care departments, fulfilling a supraregional role. It includes a level I trauma center as well. The hospital is strongly involved in higher medical education, with up to 300 medical students following their internships in the hospital at any given time. The Medisch Spectrum Twente (MST) is the hospital of the city of Enschede. ... Level I trauma center provides the highest level of Surgical care to trauma patients. ...

Transportation

Enschede is a terminal station of the NS railway network to the west. Passengers bustle around the typical grand edifice of Londons Broad Street station in 1865. ... Nederlandse Spoorwegen or NS (Dutch railways) is the main public transport railway company in the Netherlands. ...

To the east there is a line to Gronau, Germany, with two more stations of the latter in the Netherlands: "Enschede De Eschmarke" and "Glanerbrug". The line is served by: Gronau is a town and a municipality in the district of Borken in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ...

• DB Regionalbahn Westfalen (part of the German Deutsche Bahn), to Münster
• Prignitzer Eisenbahn (PE Holding AG, Arriva) to Dortmund.

There is no track connection between the two systems. The through line had been retained for eventual NATO use during the Cold War even after through passenger service was ended (September 1981), although in great disrepair in later years. With the renewal of service to Germany (May 2001) the track was severed; there is about a 3 m gap between them [1]. DB Regionalbahn Westfalen is German railroad company. ... Germanys main train operator, the Deutsche Bahn AG (German Railway Corporation, also known as DB or DBAG) provides passenger and freight service via federally owned tracks. ... For other places with the same or similar names, and other uses of the word, see Munster (disambiguation) Münster is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... An Arriva train in Denmark Arriva plc is a UK-based international public transport operator and vehicle rental company, headquartered in Sunderland. ... Dortmund is a city in Germany, located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. ... NATO 2002 Summit in Prague. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ...

See also de:Bild:Dortmund-Gronau-Enschede.gif and railway services in Nordrhein-Westfalen 407 and 412.

Enschede has a combined regional civil airport, Enschede Airport, and Airbase Twenthe of the Royal Netherlands Air Force. The latter will be closed in 2007; whether the former can remain open is under consideration. Enschede is situated at the south-east terminus of the Twentekanaal. Enschede Airport Twente is located near Enschede, The Netherlands. ... Image:Flag of the Royal Netherlands Air Force. ... Location of Twentekanaal // Length = 65 km Shipping class = IV (after 2007: Va) Year operational = 1938 (connected to Almelo harbor in 1953) Runs from Almelo/Enschede to the river IJssel Runs through the provinces of Overijssel and Gelderland in The Netherlands Twentekanaal in Enschede Twentekanaal at the Dochterense bridge in the...

Culture

There are several museums in Enschede, among them the Rijksmuseum Twenthe for art. A museum of natural history and a museum dedicated to the history of the textiles industry, both closed in January 2007, have merged, and will reopen in December 2007 on a new location under the name Twentse Welle ( Wave of Twente). The new location is situated in Roombeek, where a fireworks disaster took place in 2000. The new museum is being placed in partly an old textile factory, due to the textile history Enschede has, and partly in a new building next to the old factory. The Rijksmuseum Twenthe in Enschede, the Netherlands, was founded in 1927 by textile industry Baron G.J. Van Heek. ... This article is about the type of fabric. ...

Sports

• Enschede is well-known for its local association football club, FC Twente.
• The oldest marathon of the Netherlands is the Enschede Marathon.
• The Student Rowing Club D.R.V. Euros has produced several national champions and one Olympic Champion.
• The female Fieldhockeyers of EHV play in the second highest competition, "Overgansklase", of the Netherlands.
• DOS-WK plays in the highest competition of korfball, the 'Korfbal League'.

A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... FC Twente (also incorrectly referred to as Twente Enschede) is a Dutch professional football club from the city of Enschede. ... The Enschede Marathon is an annual marathon race over the classic distance of 42km and 195 metres held in the city of Enschede, The Netherlands. ...

International cooperation

Palo Alto, California (USA) is a sister city of Enschede since 1980. Location of Palo Alto within Santa Clara County, California. ...

Notable people born in Enschede

See also People from Enschede

• Willem Wilmink (1936-2003) – poet and writer
• Jan Cremer (1940) – writer and traveller
• Bert Doorn (1949) – politician
• Noor Holsboer (1967) – field hockey defender
• Sander Westerveld (1974) – football (soccer) goalkeeper
• Nico Molenkamp (1920) – artist latterly of Tilburg
• Joost Doevelaar (1980) – renowned intercultural scholar

Willem Wilmink (Enschede, 25 October 1936 - 2 August 2003) was a Dutch poet and writer. ... Bert Doorn (born 26 May 1949 in Enschede, Overijssel) is a Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament. ... Eleonoor (Noor) Wendeline Holsboer (born July 12, 1967 in Enschede, Overijssel) is a former Dutch field hockey defender, who twice won the bronze medal with the Womens National Team: in 1988 and in 1996. ... Sander Westerveld (born October 23, 1974) is a Dutch football player born in Enschede, the Netherlands. ...

References

External links

• Official website
• Enschede cityscape and architecture
• Visit Enschede
• Enschede Touristic Info
• University of Twente
• ITC (International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation)
• Saxion Universities
• Promotional campaign of Enschede - Kleur de stad
• Enschede on the Sea
• Geschiedenis van Enschede (History of Enschede)
• Rijksmuseum Twenthe
• The Telematica Instituut
• List of 750 Enschede holocaust victims
• Video footage of the fireworks disaster

Literature

• Alfred Hagemann/Elmar Hoff (Hg.): Insel der Träume. Musik in Gronau und Enschede (1895-2005), Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2006.

Coordinates: 52°13′N, 6°54′E The modern day Netherlands are divided into twelve provinces (provincies in Dutch), listed below with their capital city: Map of the Netherlands, with provinces and capital cities See also the ranked list of Dutch provinces // Structure A Dutch province represents the administrative layer in between the national government and the... All provinces of the Netherlands are divided into municipalities (gemeenten), together 467 (2005); among these we can distinguish: those comprising one main city, town or village with the same name as the municipality, and possibly some additional villages; for example Utrecht, comprising the city Utrecht and the villages De Meern... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...