The Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of bacteria, including many of the more familiar pathogens, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Genetic studies place them among the Proteobacteria, and they are given their own order (Enterobacteriales), though this is sometimes taken to include some related environmental samples. Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... A pathogen literally birth of pain from the Greek παθογένεια) is a biological agent that can cause disease to its host. ... Species Salmonella bongori Salmonella choleraesuis Salmonella enterica Salmonella enteritidis Salmonella nyanza Salmonella paratyphi Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium Salmonella virginia Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria that causes typhoid fever, paratyphoid and foodborne illness. ... Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 E. coli at 10,000x magnification Escherichia coli (usually abbreviated to E. coli) is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals (including birds and mammals) and are necessary for the proper digestion of... Orders Alpha Proteobacteria    Caulobacterales - e. ...

Members of the Enterobacteriaceae are rod-shaped, and are typically 1-5 μm in length. Like other Proteobacteria they have Gram-negative stains, and they are facultative anaerobes, fermenting sugars to produce lactic acid and various other end products. They also reduce nitrate to nitrite. Unlike most similar bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae generally lack oxidase, although there are exceptions (e.g. Plesiomonas). Most have many flagella used to move about, but a few genera are non-motile. Bacteria that are Gram-negative are not stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining, in contrast to Gram-positive bacteria. ... A facultative anaerobe is an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions. ... In its strictest sense, fermentation (formerly called zymnosis) is the energy-yielding anaerobic metabolic breakdown of a nutrient molecule, such as glucose, without net oxidation. ... Lactic acid (α-hydroxypropionic acid) is a chemical compound that plays a role in several biochemical processes. ... Definition The nitrate ion is NO3-. A nitrate compound is one that contains this group, either an ionic compound, or an analogous covalent one. ... Definition The nitrite ion is NO2-. A nitrite compound is one that contains this group, either an ionic compound, or an analogous covalent one. ... Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater, freshwater fish, and shellfish and from many types of animals including cattle, goats, swine, cats, dogs, monkeys, vultures, snakes, and toads. ... A flagellum (plural, flagella) is a whip-like organelle that many unicellular organisms, and some multicellular ones, use to move about. ...

Many members are a normal part of the flora found in the intestines of humans and other animals, while others are found in water or soil, or are parasites on a variety of different animals and plants. Escherichia coli, better known as E. coli, is one of the most important model organisms and its genetics and biochemistry have been closely studied! The intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ... A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host organism at the expense of it. ... Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 E. coli at 10,000x magnification Escherichia coli (usually abbreviated to E. coli) is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals (including birds and mammals) and are necessary for the proper digestion of... A model organism is one that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. ... Genetics (from the Greek genno γεννώ= give birth) is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. ... Biochemistry is the chemistry of life. ...

The following genera are included here:

• Alishewanella
• Alterococcus
• Aquamonas
• Aranicola
• Arsenophonus
• Azotivirga
• Candidatus Blochmannia
• Brenneria
• Buchnera
• Budvicia
• Buttiauxella
• Cedecea
• Citrobacter
• Dickeya
• Edwardsiella
• Enterobacter
• Erwinia, e.g. Erwinia amylovora
• Escherichia, e.g. Escherichia coli
• Ewingella
• Grimontella
• Hafnia
• Klebsiella, e.g. Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Kluyvera
• Leclercia
• Leminorella
• Moellerella
• Morganella
• Obesumbacterium
• Pantoea
• Pectobacterium
• Candidatus Phlomobacter
• Photorhabdus
• Plesiomonas, e.g. Plesiomonas shigelloides
• Pragia
• Proteus, e.g. Proteus vulgaris
• Providencia
• Rahnella
• Raoultella
• Salmonella
• Samsonia
• Serratia, e.g. Serratia marcescens
• Shigella
• Sodalis
• Tatumella
• Trabulsiella
• Wigglesworthia
• Xenorhabdus
• Yersinia, e.g. Yersinia pestis
• Yokenella