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Encyclopedia > Entropy coding

An entropy encoding is a coding scheme that assigns codes to symbols so as to match code lengths with the probabilities of the symbols. Typically, entropy encoders are used to compress data by replacing symbols represented by equal-length codes with symbols represented by codes proportional to the negative logarithm of the probability. Therefore, the most common symbols use the shortest codes.


According to Shannon's theorem, the optimal code length for a symbol is -logbP, where b is the number of symbols used to make output codes and P is the probability of the input symbol.


Three of the most common entropy encoding techniques are Huffman coding, range encoding and arithmetic encoding. If the approximate entropy characteristics of a data stream are known in advance (especially for signal compression), a simpler static code such as Unary coding, Elias gamma coding, Fibonacci coding, Golomb coding, or Rice coding may be useful.


An earlier (open content) version of the above article was posted on PlanetMath (http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/EntropyEncoding.html).


See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
PlanetMath: entropy encoding (148 words)
An entropy encoding is a coding scheme that involves assigning codes to symbols so as to match code lengths with the probabilities of the symbols.
Typically, entropy encoders are used to compress data by replacing symbols represented by equal-length codes with symbols represented by codes proportional to the negative logarithm of the probability.
This is version 1 of entropy encoding, born on 2002-03-08.
Patents in Class 341/107 (2217 words)
An arithmetic code decoding apparatus including a context index predictor which predicts a context index, a pipeline arithmetic code decoder which executes a decoding process of the bitstream using the predicted context index and outputs...
In an encoding apparatus (10), a code table group exchange judgment unit (12) selects a group of code tables from a plurality of groups of code tables according to the property such as tonality of a spectrum signal D 11, and a quanti...
An entropy encoding/decoding scheme uses an arithmetic encoder/decoder together with a context modeler for performing a context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding, which is especially suited for video compression applications.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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