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Encyclopedia > Environmental Modification

note - abbreviated as Environmental Modification


opened for signature - December 10, 1976


entered into force - October 5, 1978


objective - to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations


parties - (66) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Malawi, Mauritius, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen


countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (17) Bolivia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Holy See, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Luxembourg, Morocco, Nicaragua, Portugal, Sierra Leone, Syria, Turkey, Uganda


Source: CIA World Factbook, 2003 edition


see also environmental agreements, arms control agreements, the text of the agreement (PDF)  (http://www.unog.ch/frames/disarm/distreat/environ.pdf), the text of the agreement (ASCII) (http://fletcher.tufts.edu/multi/texts/BH700.txt)


  Results from FactBites:
 
Environmental Modification Convention (2687 words)
The Convention defines environmental modification techniques as changing -- through the deliberate manipulation of natural processes -- the dynamics, composition or structure of the earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydro-sphere, and atmosphere, or of outer space.
The provisions of this Convention shall not hinder the use of environmental modification techniques for peaceful purposes and shall be without prejudice to the generally recognized principles and applicable rules of international law concerning such use.
It is the understanding of the Committee that this Convention does not deal with the question whether or not a given use of environmental modification techniques for peaceful purposes is in accordance with generally recognized principles and applicable rules of international law.
Ch03 (1421 words)
In most cases, complete environmental control, which includes the regulation of temperature, humidity, air quality, and light, is possible only if included as part of the design of a new building, and if the commitment to maintain the systems is assured.
Environmental control is used to indicate a system which will monitor and regulate both temperature and relative humidity, consistently maintaining them, in balance, within pre-established guidelines.
Environmental modification is used to indicate the alteration of one or more of the variables in the environment.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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