Environmental design is the process of addressing environmental parameters when devising plans, programs, policies, buildings, or products. Classical prudent design may have always considered environmental factors; however, the environmental movement beginning in the 1960s has made the concept more explicit. Environmental science is the study of the interactions among the physical, chemical and biological components of the environment; with a focus on pollution and degradation of the environment related to human activities; and the impact on biodiversity and sustainability from local and global development. ... Environmental technology or green technology is the application of the environmental sciences to conserve the natural environment and resources, and by curbing the negative impacts of human involvement. ... Before flue gas desulfurization was installed, the emissions from this power plant in New Mexico contained excessive amounts of sulfur dioxide. ... Biofuel is any fuel that is derived from biomass — recently living organisms or their metabolic byproducts, such as manure from cows. ... An active compost heap, steaming on a cold winter morning. ... Ecoforestry is forestry that emphasizes holistic practices which strive to protect and restore ecosystems1 instead of traditional forestry that maximizes economic productivity. ... For the physical concepts, see conservation of energy and energy efficiency. ... // Energy development is the ongoing effort to provide sustainable, accessible energy resources through knowledge, skills, and constructions. ... Future energy development faces great challenges due to an increasing world population, demands for higher standards of living, demands for less pollution and a much-discussed end to fossil fuels. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sustainable architecture. ... This article or section is incomplete and may require expansion and/or cleanup. ... The international recycling symbol. ... Renewable energy is defined as energy derived from resources that are regenerative or for all practical purposes can not be depleted. ... Generally, remediation means giving a remedy. ... The following page contains a list of different forms of waste treatment Anaerobic digestion ArrowBio Composting Gasification Incineration In-vessel composting Landfill Mechanical biological treatment Mechanical heat treatment Plasma Pyrolysis Recycling Sewage treatment Tunnel composting UASB Windrow composting Categories: | ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Sustainable Development is a collection of methods to create economic development which protects the environment, relieves poverty, and does not destroy natural capital in the short term at the expense of long term development. ... The following page consist of a list of waste water treatment technologies: Activated sludge Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic lagoon Cesspit Combined sewer overflow Composting toilet Constructed wetland Imhoff tank Floculation Reed bed Septic tank Sequencing batch reactor UASB Aerobic Granular Reactor This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... Water purification is the removal of contaminants from raw water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for human consumption or for industrial use. ... For the company, see Waste Management, Inc. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Environmental Movement (a term that sometimes includes the conservation and green movements) is a diverse scientific, social, and political movement. ...

Environmental Design has been defined: "We live in the world by design. Creating the everyday environment in which we live involves complex systems of cultural meaning, visual communication and the use of tools, technology and materials. As a field of study, Environmental Design encompasses the built, natural, and human environments and focuses on fashioning physical and social interventions informed by human behaviour and environmental processes. Design asks us to find answers to the most fundamental of human questions: how should we live in the world and what should inform our actions? This complex endeavour requires an interdisciplinary approach."^{[citation needed]}

Environmental design in the old-fashioned sense developes physical environments, both interior and exterior, to meet one or more aesthetic or day-to-day functional needs, or to create a specific sort of experience - the focus being the human-designed environment. Environmental design includes such specialties as architects, acoustical scientists, engineers, environmental scientists, landscape architects, urban planning, interior designers, lighting designers, and exhibition designers. In many situations, historic preservation can be added to this list. Another recent addition to this general area might be "disability access". Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An Architect is a person who is involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... Acoustics is a branch of physics and is the study of sound, mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids. ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Environmental science is the science of the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including their effects on all types of organisms. ... A landscape architect is primarily a designer of spaces, mostly landscapes, and sometimes gardens, in the field of landscape architecture. ... Urban planning is concerned with the ordering and design of settlements, from the smallest towns to the worlds largest cities. ... Interior design is a multi-faceted profession in which creative and technical solutions are applied within a structure to achieve a built interior environment. ... Lighting at the 2005 Classical Spectacular Concert The role of the lighting designer (or LD) within theatre is to work with the director, set designer, and costume designer to create an overall look for the show in response to the text, while keeping in mind issues of visibility, safety and... Exhibition Design (or Exhibit Design) is the design of displays, furnishings or environments for non-residential interior spaces - typically temporary - such as for commercial tradeshows, public events, museums, libraries and retail spaces. ... Historic preservation or Heritage management is the theory and practice of creatively maintaining the historic built environment and controlling the landscape component of which it is an integral part. ... The disability rights movement aims to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities. ...

In terms of a larger scope, environmental design has implications for the industrial design of products: innovative automobiles, wind-electricity generators, solar-electric equipment, and other kinds of equipment could serve as examples. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... For the magazine called automobile, see Automobile Magazine. ...

Examples

Examples of the environmental design process include use of roadway noise computer models in design of noise barriers and use of roadway air dispersion models in analyzing and designing urban highways. Designers consciously working within this more recent framework of philosophy and practice seek a blending of nature and technology, regarding ecology as the basis for design. Some believe that strategies of conservation, stewardship, and regeneration can be applied at all levels of scale from the individual building to the community, with benefit to the human individual and local and planetary ecosystems. Roadway noise is the most prevalent form of environmental noise Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from motor vehicles. ... Noise barrier earth berm along Highway 12, Sonoma County, California A noise barrier is an exterior structure, normally made of masonry or earth, designed to protect sensitive land uses from noise pollution. ... Roadway air dispersion is applied to highway segments Roadway air dispersion modeling is the study of air pollutant transport from a roadway or other linear emitter. ... Category: ... Ernst Haeckel coined the term oekologie in 1866. ...

Specific examples of large scale environmental design projects include:

• Boston Transportation Planning Review
• Bay Area Rapid Transit System Daly City Turnback project and airport extension.
• Metropolitan Portland, Oregon light rail system

The Big Digs Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge over the Charles River. ... BART (in full, San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District) is a rapid transit electric train service that serves parts of the San Francisco Bay Area, including the cities of San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Fremont, and Walnut Creek. ... Nickname: City of Roses, Stumptown, Bridgetown, PDX Location in Multnomah County and the state of Oregon Coordinates: Country United States State Oregon County Multnomah County Incorporated February 8, 1851 Mayor Tom Potter Area    - City 376. ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ...

History

Early roots began in the late 19th Century with writer/designer William Morris, who rejected the use of industrialized materials and processes in wallpaper, fabrics and books his studio produced. He and others, such as John Ruskin felt that the industrial revolution would lead to harm done to nature and workers. William Morris, socialist and innovator in the Arts and Crafts movement William Morris, publisher Davids Charge to Solomon (1882), a stained-glass window by Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris in Trinity Church, Boston, Massachusetts. ... Upper: Steel-plate engraving of Ruskin as a young man, made circa 1845, scanned from print made circa 1895. ...

From the middle of the twentieth century, thinkers like Buckminster Fuller have acted as catalysts for a broadening and deepening of the concerns of environmental designers. Nowadays, energy efficiency, appropriate technology, organic horticulture or organic agriculture, land restoration, community design, and ecologically sustainable energy and waste systems are recognized considerations or options and may each find application. Richard Buckminster (Bucky) Fuller (July 12[1], 1895 – July 1, 1983) was an American visionary, designer, architect, poet, author, and inventor. ... In physics and engineering, including mechanical and electrical engineering, energy efficiency is a dimensionless number, with a value between 0 and 1 or with times 100 given in percent. ... Appropriate technology is the term used to describe objects which meet the needs of the local people and the environment in which they live. ... The Latin words hortus (garden plant) and cultura (culture) together form horticulture, classically defined as the culture or growing of garden plants. ... Organic farming is a way of farming that avoids the use of synthetic chemicals and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and usually subscribes to the principles of sustainable agriculture. ... Environmental restoration is a term common in the citizens’ environmental movement. ... New urbanism is an urban design movement whose popularity increased from the beginning of the 1980s onwards. ... Sustainable - the ability to maintain into perpetuity. ...

See also

Energy-efficient Buildings & Design:

• J. Baldwin
• Tom Bender
• Peter Calthorpe
• William McDonough
• Victor Papanek
• Sim Van der Ryn
• James Wines
• Ken Yeang
• Eastgate Centre, Harare
• Portcullis House

Energy Usage (Commercial, Residential, Societal): James Tennant Baldwin (whose books and articles have been published under the names J. Baldwin, Jay Baldwin, and James T. Baldwin) is an American industrial designer and writer born in 1934. ... Tom Bender began to make his mark in the early 1970s as an architect, author, and strategic planner. ... Peter Calthorpe has been named one of twenty five innovators on the cutting edge by Newsweek magazine for his work redefining the models of urban and suburban growth in America. ... William A. McDonough (1951, Tokyo, Japan - ) is an American architect whose career is focused on designing environmentally sustainable buildings and transforming industrial manufacturing processes, with the twin goals of eliminating pollution and increasing the profits of his clients. ... Designer and educator Victor Papanek (1927-1999) was a strong advocate of the socially and ecologically responsible design of products and tools. ... Sim Van der Ryn is acknowledged as a leader in sustainable architecture. ... James Wines (1932- ) is an American architect associated with environmental design. ... Dr. Ken Yeang (Chinese: 杨经文/楊經文) is a prolific Malaysian architect and writer best known for developing environmental design solutions for high-rise buildings. ... The Eastgate Centre is a shopping centre and office block in central Harare, Zimbabwe. ... Portcullis House is a building in Westminster, London, used as offices for members of Parliament. ...

• Amory Lovins
• Soft energy path

Urban Ecology Amory Lovins Amory Bloch Lovins (born November 13, 1947 in Washington, DC) was trained in physics and has worked professionally as an environmentalist. ... The soft energy path is an energy use and development strategy delineated and promoted by some energy experts and activists, such as Amory Lovins and Tom Bender; in Canada, David Suzuki has been a very prominent (if less specialized) proponent. ...

• Bioswale
• Environmental planning
• Urban ecology
• New Urbanism

Land Use & Community Planning A bioswale is a piece of landscape designed to function in aid of local water drainage. ... Environmental planning is a relatively new field of study that aims to merge the practice of urban planning with the concerns of environmentalism. ... Urban ecology is the subfield of ecology which deals with the interaction of plants, animals and humans with each other and with their environment in urban or urbanizing settings. ... New urbanism is an urban design movement whose popularity increased from the beginning of the 1980s onwards. ...

• Forestry
• Forest gardening
• Christopher Alexander
• Noise barrier
• Permaculture

Prevention of Crime A decidous beech forest in Slovenia. ... Forest gardening (also known as 3-Dimensional Gardening) is a food production and land management system based on replicating woodland ecosystems, substituting trees (such as fruit or nut trees), bushes, shrubs, herbs and vegetables which have yields directly useful to mankind. ... Christopher Alexander (born October 4, 1936 in Vienna, Austria) is an architect, noted for his design of building complexes in California, Japan, and Mexico. ... Noise barrier earth berm along Highway 12, Sonoma County, California A noise barrier is an exterior structure, normally made of masonry or earth, designed to protect sensitive land uses from noise pollution. ... Permaculture Mandala summarising the ethics and principles of permaculture design. ...

• CPTED

Waste Treatment Innovation: Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) is a multi-disciplinary approach to deterring criminal behavior. ...

• John Todd

Dr. John Todd (1939- ) is an important biologist working in the field of ecological design. ...

External links

• Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary
• R2000 House
• O2 global network on sustainable design
• Worldchanging
• Environmental Design Research Association
• iNSnet Portal site for sustainable development
• SustainabilityStart Links and database on sustainable development
• Green Progress Green building and sustainable development news
• Sustainable Design Forum

See also

• Environmental design and planning academic programs
• Sustainable design
• Environmental psychology
• Psychology
• Social sciences
• Behavioral sciences
• Ergonomics
• Human factors
• Ecology
• Design
• Environmental science
• Natural Environment
• Building engineering
• Urban design

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