Erika Mann

Erika Julia Hedwig Mann (November 9, 1905 – August 27, 1969) was the eldest daughter of novelist Thomas Mann and Katia Mann. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2205x2833, 441 KB) (Note: high resolution version from http://memory. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2205x2833, 441 KB) (Note: high resolution version from http://memory. ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... Year 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... For other persons named Thomas Mann, see Thomas Mann (disambiguation). ... ...

Early life

She was born in Munich and had a privileged childhood. The Mann home was a gathering-place for intellectuals and artists. She was hired for her first theater engagement before finishing her Abitur at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin. Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich: St. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

Acting and writing

In 1924, she began serious theater studies in Berlin and played in Berlin and Bremen. In 1925, she played in the premier of her brother Klaus' play Anja und Esther. 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article is about the city in Germany. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Klaus Mann at 12 years old. ...

On July 24, 1926, she married German actor Gustaf Gründgens, but they divorced in 1929. In 1927, she and Klaus undertook a trip around the world, which they documented in their book Rundherum; Das Abenteuer einer Weltreise. The following year, she began to be active in journalism and in politics. July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... Gustaf Gründgens (December 22, 1899 - October 7, 1963) was one of Germanys most famous actors of the 20th century. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

She was involved as an actor in the lesbian film Mädchen in Uniform (1931, Leontine Sagan) but left the production before its completion. In 1932 she published the first of many children's books. Shortly thereafter she became involved in several lesbian affairs in her private life. Her first noted affair was with actress Pamela Wedekind, whom she met in Berlin, and was engaged with her brother Klaus. She later became involved with director Therese Giehse, and journalists Betty Cox and Annemarie Schwarzenbach, whom she served with as a war correspandant during World War II. As was later written, her relationships were both sexually passionate and intellectually stimulating. Mann enjoyed being in the company of women who were intelligent, and with whom she could converse with on any number of international topics. [1] A lesbian is a female emotionally and/or sexually attracted only to other females. ... A scene from Mädchen in Uniform (Germany, 1931), the first openly lesbian feature film. ... Leontine Sagan (born Leontine Schlesinger, 1889 in Vienna, Austria , died 1974 in South Africa) was a German actress. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom France Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Charles de Gaulle Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian...

In 1933, she, Klaus, and Therese Giehse had founded a cabaret in Munich called Die Pfeffermühle, for which Erika wrote most of the material, much of which was anti-Fascist. Erika was the last member of the Mann family to leave Germany after the Nazi regime was elected. She saved many of Thomas Mann's papers from their Munich home when she escaped to Zurich. In 1936, Die Pfeffermühle opened again in Zurich and became a rallying point for the exiles. Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich: St. ... Location within Switzerland   Zürich[?] (German pronunciation IPA: ; usually spelled Zurich in English) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 366,145 in 2004; population of urban area: 1,091,732) and capital of the canton of Zürich. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In 1935 she undertook a marriage of convenience to the homosexual English poet W. H. Auden, in order to obtain British citizenship. She and Auden never lived together, but remained friends and technically married until Erika's death. 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A marriage of convenience (plural marriages of convenience) is a marriage contracted for reasons other than the traditional reasons of love or family. ... Wystan Hugh Auden (21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973), who signed his works W. H. Auden (IPA: ; first syllable of Auden rhymes with law), was an Anglo-American poet, regarded by many as one of the great writers of the 20th century. ...

In 1937, she crossed over to New York, where Die Pfeffermühle (as The Peppermill) opened its doors again. They lived (with Therese Giehse and her brother Klaus Mann and Miro) in a large group of artists in exile with people like Kurt Weill, Ernst Toller, Sonja Sekula ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Klaus Mann at 12 years old. ... An album of Weills music by operatic soprano Teresa Stratas… …and one by industrial music band The Young Gods. ... Ernst Toller (December 1, 1893 - May 22, 1939) was a German Communist playwright. ...

In 1938, she and Klaus reported on the Spanish Civil War, and her book School for Barbarians about Nazi Germany educational system has been published. The following year, they published Escape to Life, a book about famous German exiles. During the war, she was active as a journalist in England. After World War II, Mann was one of the few women who covered the Nuremberg Trials. Following the war, both Klaus and Erika came under an FBI investigation into their political views and rumored homosexuality. In 1949, becoming increasingly depressed and disillusioned over post-war torn Germany, Klaus Mann committed suicide. This event devastated Erika. [2] Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Spanish Republic Soviet Union Nationalist Spain Italy Germany Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco Casualties Hundreds of thousands The Spanish Civil War, which lasted from July 17, 1936 to April 1, 1939, was a conflict in which the Francoists or Nationalists, led by... The Süddeutsche Zeitung announces The Verdict in Nuremberg. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Homosexuality refers to sexual and romantic attraction between two individuals of the same sex. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ...

In 1952, she moved back to Switzerland with her parents. She had begun to help her father with his writing and had become one of his closest confidantes. She became responsible for his works after his death and worked on them intensely. She died in Zurich. 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Location within Switzerland   Zürich[?] (German pronunciation IPA: ; usually spelled Zurich in English) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 366,145 in 2004; population of urban area: 1,091,732) and capital of the canton of Zürich. ...

Biographical films

• Escape to Life: The Erika & Klaus Mann Story (2001)

Books by Erika Mann

• School for Barbarians: Education Under the Nazis, Publisher: Modern Age Books (1938) ASIN: B000852WSK
• Escape to life, Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Company (1939) ASIN: B0006AONUM
• The lights go down, Publisher: Farrar & Rinehart (1940) ASIN: B000H19DG4
• The Other Germany (by Erika and Klaus Mann), Publisher: Modern Age Books (1940) ASIN: B000MDEENE
• The Last Year of Thomas Mann. A Revealing Memoir by His Daughter, Erika Mann, Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy (1958) ASIN: B000JOK6L0

See also

• Dohm-Mann family tree

The Dohm-Mann family tree contains a number of famous writers, musicians and actors. ...

References