Ernest the Iron, officially Ernest, Duke of Inner Austria (German: Ernst der Eiserne) (born 1377 in Bruck an der Mur; died June 10, 1424 in the same place) was from the Habsburg dynasty, and as a member of the Leopoldian line, whose head of the family he was 1411-24, was the ruler of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, i.e the Inner Austria. // Events January 17 – Pope Gregory XI enters Rome. ... Bruck an der Mur is a city in the Austrian province of Styria. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... Events August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stuart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Styria, crowned with the ducal hat, today state coat The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Å tajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Carinthia, today state coat The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: KoroÅ¡ka) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Inner Austria (German Innerösterreich) is a term used from the late 14th to the 16th century referring to Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and assorted smaller Habsburg possessions in bordering the area. ...

After the death of his father Leopold III, Duke of Inner Austria, whose third son he was, in the Battle of Sempach in 1386, he stood under the guardianship of Albert III, and in 1401 accompanied the German King Ruprecht on his campaign in Italy. Upon the death of their eldest brother William, Duke of Inner Austria in 1406, the remaining three brothers agreed about the future partition of their patrimony. In the separation agreement of 1406, Ernest received Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, and jointly with his elder brother duke Leopold IV (the head of the Leopoldian line), held the guardianship over young Albert V, Duke of Austria. This resulted in a civil war between Leopold IV, Duke of Further Austria and Ernest in 1407, which lasted until May 1409 - and Leopold died sonless in 14121 whereupon Ernest became the uncontested head of the Leopoldian family. In 1414, he became the last Duke to be enthroned according to the traditional rite in Carinthia, and from that time on called himself Archduke. He was the first Habsburg to actually use this title, which had been invented by Rudolf IV. Duke Leopold III of Austria, Duke of Inner Austria (November 1, 1351, Vienna – July 9, 1386, Sempach) from the Habsburg family was a Duke of Austria, Styria and Carinthia. ... The Battle of Sempach was fought on July 9, 1386 between Duke Leopold III of Austria and the Swiss Confederation. ... Events Battle of Sempach: Swiss safeguard independence from Habsburg rule End of reign of Poland by Capet-Anjou family. ... Albert III (born September 9, 1349 in Vienna; died August 29, 1395 on Castle Laxenburg; known as Albert with the Pigtail) was a duke of Austria. ... [edit] Events The Lollards, a religious sect taught by John Wycliffe, were persecuted for their beliefs. ... Rupert of the house of Wittelsbach (1352–1410) succeeded his father Rupert II as Rupert III, Count Palatine of the Rhine (see Palatinate) and one of the foremost rulers in western Germany in 1398. ... Events Construction of Forbidden City begins in Beijing. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Styria, crowned with the ducal hat, today state coat The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Štajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Carinthia, today state coat The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: Koroška) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Albert II Habsburg (August 10, 1397 - October 27, 1439), German ruler, king of Bohemia and Hungary, and (as Albert V) duke of Austria, was born on August 10, 1397, the son of Albert IV of Habsburg, duke of Austria. ... Events November 20 - A solemn truce between John, Duke of Burgundy and Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans is agreed under the auspicies of John, Duke of Berry. ... Events January 1 - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. ... // Events Council of Constance begins. ... Look up Archduke in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Rudolf IV of Austria Rudolf IV der Stifter (the Founder) (born November 1, 1339 in Vienna, died July 27, 1365 in Milan) was a member of the House of Habsburg and Duke and self-proclaimed Archduke of Austria from 1358 to 1365. ...

He continuously lived in strife with Emperor Sigismund from 1412 onwards. When his brother Frederick IV, Duke of Further of Austria (ruler of Tirol) was banned by the Emperor in 1417, Ernest first attempted to gain control over Frederick's territories himself, but then came to an agreement with him and successfully defended Tirol against the Emperor's pretensions. Sigismund (February 14/15, 1368 - December 9, 1437) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 to 1437. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan. ... Events Antipope Benedict XIII is deposed, and Pope Martin V is elected. ... Tyrol (Tirol in German) is a federal state or Bundesland, located in the west of Austria. ...

Ernest's grave is in the Cistercian monastery of Rein. His nickname the Iron only came into use after his death. The Order of Cistercians (OCist) (Latin Cistercenses), otherwise Gimey or White Monks (from the colour of the habit, over which is worn a black scapular or apron) are a Catholic order of monks. ... Monastery of St. ... Rein generally refers to the reins used in horseback riding and horse driving. ...

Family and children

His first spouse was Margaret, Princess of Pomerania, and the second was Cymburgis of Masovia, who was his equal in vitality and with whom he had nine children: Cymburgis, also Cimburgis, Cimburga or Cymbarka of Masovia (born 1394 or 1397 in Warsaw; died September 28, 1429 in Türnitz, Lower Austria) from the Piast dynasty, was the wife of Ernest the Iron and thus a Duchess of Austria from of the Styrian-Inner Austrian line. ...

1. Duke Frederick V (21 September 1415 – 19 August 1493)
2. Margarete (1416/17 – 12 February 1486), married on 3 June 1431 to Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
3. Duke Albrecht VI (18 December 1418 – 2 December 1463)
4. Alexander (d. 1420)
5. Rudolf (d. before 1424)
6. Katharina (1424 – 11 September 1493), married on 15 July 1447 to Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden
7. Leopold (d. before 1424)
8. Anna (d. 11 November 1429)
9. Ernst II (d. 10 August 1432)

As the ruler of Inner Austria and the founder of the older Styrian Line of the Habsburg family, which, by his son Duke Frederick V survived the Albertinian-Austrian and the Tyrolean Lines, he became the ancestor of all later Habsburg emperors. Detail of Aeneas Piccolomini Introduces Eleonora of Portugal to Frederick III by Pinturicchio (1454-1513) Frederick III of Habsburg (Innsbruck, September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 in Linz) was elected as German King as the successor of Albert II in 1440. ... September 21 is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years). ... Events Friedrich I Hohenzollern (b. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1493 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events Tízoc, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan dies. ... June 3 is the 154th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (155th in leap years), with 211 days remaining. ... Events February 21 - The trial of Joan of Arc March 3 - Eugenius IV becomes Pope May 30 - In Rouen, France, 19-year old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake. ... Frederick II, the Gentle and Elector of Saxony (1428 — 1464), was an Elector of Saxony. ... December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events May 19 - Capture of Paris by John, Duke of Burgundy September - Beginning of English Siege of Rouen Mircea the Old, ruler of Wallachia dies and is succeeded by Vlad I Uzurpatorul. ... December 2 is the 336th day (337th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 5 - Poet Francois Villon is banned from Paris Births January 17 - Frederick III, Elector of Saxony (died 1525) February 24 - Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (died 1494) October 20 - Alessandro Achillini, Italian philosopher (died 1512) Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de Medici, Italian patron of the arts (died 1503... Events May 21 - Treaty of Troyes. ... Events August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stuart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... 1493 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... Events March 6 - Nicholas V becomes Pope. ... Charles I of Baden (d. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Events January 10 - Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, founds the European Order of the Golden Fleece February 12 - Battle of Rouvray (or of the Herrings). English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the Earl of Suffolks army at Orleans from attack by... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events June 1 - Battle of San Romano - Florence defeats Siena foundation of Université de Caen In the end of the Hook and Cod wars, Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland is forced by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to abdicate all her estates in his favour; end of Hainaut... Inner Austria (German Innerösterreich) is a term used from the late 14th to the 16th century referring to Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and assorted smaller Habsburg possessions in bordering the area. ... Detail of Aeneas Piccolomini Introduces Eleonora of Portugal to Frederick III by Pinturicchio (1454-1513) Frederick III of Habsburg (Innsbruck, September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 in Linz) was elected as German King as the successor of Albert II in 1440. ... The Albertinian line was a line of the Habsburg dynasty, begun by Albert III, who, after death of his brother Rudolf IV the Founder, split the Habsburg territories with his brother. ...