Title page of Cathay, poems by Ezra Pound, 1915, based on translations by Ernest Fenollosa.

Ernest Fransico Fenollosa (February 18, 1853 - September 21, 1908) was an American professor of philosophy and political economy at Tokyo Imperial University. An important educator during the modernisation of the Meiji Era, Fenollosa was an enthusiastic orientalist who did much to preserve traditional Japanese art. His legacy is still uncertain, with some considering him a pioneer and others a fraud. Image File history File links Title page from Ezra Pound, Cathay, London, Elkin Mathews, 1915. ... Image File history File links Title page from Ezra Pound, Cathay, London, Elkin Mathews, 1915. ... Ezra Pound in 1913. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... September 21 is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years). ... 1908 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The term philosophy derives from a combination of the Greek words philos meaning love and sophia meaning wisdom. ... Political economy was the original term for the study of production, the acts of buying and selling, and their relationships to laws, customs and government. ... The Yasuda Auditorium on the University of Tokyos Hongo Campus. ... History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Meiji period (Japanese: Meiji Jidai 明治時代 ) (1868–1912... Bronze statue of Amida Buddha at Kotokuin in Kamakura (1252 CE) Japanese art and architecture, works of art produced in Japan from the beginnings of human habitation there, sometime in the 10th millennium BC, to the present. ...

Fenollosa was was the son of Manuel Francisco Ciriaco Fenollosa and Mary Silsbee (Fenollosa), attended Hacker Grammar School in Salem, Massachusetts, and the Salem High School before graduating from Harvard College in the class of 1874. He then studied at Cambridge University in philosophy and divinity. After a year at the art school at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, during which time he married Lizzie Goodhue Millett, he traveled to Japan in 1878 at the invitation of American zoologist and Orientalist Edward S. Morse to teach political economy and philosophy at the Imperial University at Tokyo. There he studied ancient temples, shrines and art treasures. Salem Maritime National Historic Site Salem is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts. ... Today Harvard College is the undergraduate portion of Harvard University. ... REDIRECT [1] ... Paul Gauguin, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? (Doù venons-nous? Que faisons-nous? Où allons-nous?) (1897). ... Edward Sylvester Morse (June 18, 1838 – December 20, 1925) was a US zoologist and orientalist. ...

During his time in Japan, Fenollosa helped revive the Nihonga (Japanese) style of painting with Japanese artists Kanō Hōgai (1828-1888) and Hashimoto Gahō (1835-1908). After eight years at the University, he helped found the Tokyo Fine Arts Academy and the Imperial Museum, then acting as its director in 1888. Fenollosa converted to Buddhism and changed his name to Tei-Shin, also adopting the name Kanō Yeitan Masanobu, suggesting that he had been admitted into the ancient Japanese art academy of the Kanō. While resident in Japan, Fenollosa's accomplishments included the first inventory of Japan's national treasures, leading to the discovery of ancient Chinese scrolls brought to Japan by traveling Zen monks centuries earlier. For these accomplishments, the Emperor of Japan decorated him with the orders of the Rising Sun and the Sacred Mirror. A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, who lived between approximately 566 and 486 BCE. Originating in India, Buddhism gradually spread throughout Asia to Central Asia...

In 1886, he sold his art collection to Boston physician Charles Goddard Weld (1857-1911) on the condition that it go to the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and in 1890 he returned to Boston to be its curator of the department of Oriental Art. There Fenollosa was asked to choose Japanese art for exhibition at the 1893 World Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He also organized Boston's first exhibition of Chinese painting in 1894. In 1896, he published Masters of Ukioye, a historical account of Japanese paintings and color prints exhibited at the New York Fine Arts Building. However, his public divorce and immediate remarriage in 1895 to the writer Mary McNeill Scott (1865-1954) outraged Boston society, leading to his dismissal from the Museum in 1896. Paul Gauguin, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? (Doù venons-nous? Que faisons-nous? Où allons-nous?) (1897). ... World Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893 The World Columbian Exposition (also called The Chicago Worlds Fair), a Worlds fair, was held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbuss discovery of the New World. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ...

In 1897 he journeyed back to Japan to accept a position as Professor of English Literature at the Tokyo Higher Normal School at Tokyo. After three years, though, he once again returned to the United States to write and lecture on Asia. His 1912 work in two volumes concentrates on art before 1800 but offers Hokusai's prints as a window of beauty after Japanese art had become too modern for Fenollosa's taste: "Hokusai is a great designer, as Kipling and Whitman are great poets. He has been called the Dickens of Japan." The Great Wave at Kanagawa (from a Series of Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji) by Katsushika Hokusai. ... Rudyard Kipling, British author Joseph Rudyard Kipling (December 30, 1865 – January 18, 1936) was a British author and poet, born in India. ... Walt Whitman Walt Whitman, age 37, frontispiece to Leaves of Grass, Fulton St. ... Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (February 7, 1812 – June 9, 1870), pen-name “Boz”, was an English novelist of the Victorian era. ...

After his death, Fenollosa's unpublished notes on Chinese poetry and Japanese Noh drama were confided by his widow to noted poet Ezra Pound who, with William Butler Yeats, used them to solidify the growing interest in Far Eastern literature among modernist writers. Pound subsequently finished Fenollosa's work with the aid of Arthur Waley, the noted British sinologist. Ezra Pound in 1913. ... William Butler Yeats (June 13, 1865 – January 28, 1939) was an Irish poet, dramatist, mystic and public figure. ... Arthur David Waley (August 19, 1889 – June 27, 1966) was a noted English Orientalist and Sinologist. ... Sinology is the study of China, which usually requires a foreign scholar to have command of the Chinese language. ...

Selected works

• The Masters of Ukioye: a Complete Historical Description of Japanese Paintings and Color Prints of the Genre School, New York: The Knickerbocker Press, 1896
• Epochs of Chinese and Japanese Art, London: William Heineman, 1912
• "Noh" or Accomplishment: A Study of the Classical Stage of Japan, with Ezra Pound, London: Macmillan and Co., 1916
• The Chinese Written Character as a Medium for Poetry, composed by the Ernest Fenollosa, edited by Ezra Pound after the author's death, 1918.

Ezra Pound in 1913. ... Ezra Pound in 1913. ...

Related works

• Ezra Pound, Cathay: For the Most Part from the Chinese of Rihaku, from the notes of the late Ernest Fenollosa, and the Decipherings of the Professors Mori and Ariga, London: Elkin Mathews, 1915

Ezra Pound in 1913. ...

For further information

• Fenollosa, Mary McNeill. "Preface." Epochs of Chinese and Japanese Art: an Outline History of East Asiatic Design, New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1912
• Warner, Langdon, "Ernest Francisco Fenollosa," in the Dictionary of American Biography, vol. 6. New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1931, pp. 325-26
• Kurihara Shinichi, Fuenorosa to Meiji bunka, Tokyo: Rikugei Shobo, Showa 43,1968
• Chisolm, Lawrence W., Fenollosa: the Far East and American Culture, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963
• Brooks, Van Wyck, Fenollosa and His Circle, with Other Essays in Biography, New York: Dutton, 1962
• Tepfer, Diane, "Enest Fenollosa," in the The Dictionary of Art, 10: 887