Chief Ernest Adegunle Oladeinde Shonekan was born on 9 May 1936 in Lagos, south-west Nigeria. He is a British trained Nigerian lawyer, industrialist and politician. He was appointed as interim president of Nigeria by General Ibrahim Babangida on 26 August 1993. Babangida resigned under pressure to cede control to a democratic government. Shonekan's transitional administration only lasted three months, as a palace coup led by General Sani Abacha via Shonekan's "resignation" forcefully dismantled the remaining democratic institutions and brought the government back under military control on 17 November. Prior to his political career, Shonekan was the Chief executive of United African Company (UAC), a large Nigerian conglomerate. May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article is about the city in Nigeria. ... Ibrahim Babangida General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida (born August 17, 1941), popularly known as IBB, was the military ruler of Nigeria from August 1985 until his departure from office under heavy popular pressure in 1993, after his annulment of elections held that year which were widely held to have been the... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Sani Abacha General Sani Abacha (Kano, 20 September 1943 – Abuja, 8 June 1998) was a Nigerian politician and military leader. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... The Royal Niger Company was a mercantile company chartered by the British government in the nineteenth century. ...

Early Life and Education

Shonekan was born and raised in Lagos, the Nigerian commercial capital. The son of an Abeokuta born civil servant, he was one of six children born into the family. Shonekan was educated at C.M.S grammar school. He also attended and received a law degree from the University of London and was later called to the bar. He soon joined U.A.C in 1964 and was sent to the Harvard Business School for further managerial training. At U.A.C, he pursued a legal path, a few years after joining the company, he was promoted to the position of assistant legal adviser. He became a deputy adviser two years later, and soon joined the board. In 1980, he was made chairman and Chief Executive of U.A.C. In his early regin as head of U.A.C, he was the Chief Executive of the largest African controlled company in Sub-Saharan Africa. Location of Abeokuta in Nigeria Abeokuta is a city of southwest Nigeria, situated at , on the Ogun river, 64 miles north of Lagos by railway, or 81 miles by water. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... Harvard Business School, officially named the Harvard Business School: George F. Baker Foundation, and also known as HBS, is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Chief Executive may refer to: Chief Executive of Hong Kong Chief Executive of Macau Chief Executive Officer This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ...

Head of Transitional Council

Shonekan was a seasoned and proven businessman with wide contacts across the Nigerian landscape. However, his proven abilities, integrity and no visible political bias made him a prospective leader for Babangida's council of civilian run government, a government which was in the midst of economic turmoil and would later find itself mired in a political crisis. On January 2, 1993, Shonekan assumed office as the head of government affairs under the leadership of military president, Babangida. At the time, the transitional council was designed to be the final phase leading to a scheduled hand over to an elected democratic leader. As the head of the council, he was exposed to the dire condition of government finances which continued under his reign. The 1993 budget was pegged to include a 28 billion naira deficit with little money left in its foreign reserves. The government was hard pressed on his debt obligations and had to hold constant talks for debt re-scheduling. Nevertheless, Shonekan was also in an enviable position. The Armed Forces Ruling Council had designed a realistic two year economic program. The program's outline called for reducing petrol subsidy which will bring in 65 billion naira to government coffers. A modification of VAT was also in the works and a plan to inculcate fiscal discipline in the affairs of government. However, by the end of June, following the cancellation of the June 12 presidential elections, the Nigerian nation was engulfed in political turmoil. Fiscal discipline was not heeded and the government had exceeded his deficit target by the beginning of the second quarter. Calls for the exit of the President became much more prominent, by August 1993, Babangida had decided to step aside and install an Interim government to succeed him. Turmoil is a villainess with a Russian accent who appears in the episode Cry Turmoil in the animated television series SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron, voiced by Kath Soucie. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... Foreign exchange reserves are the foreign currency deposits held by national banks of different nations. ... For other uses, see Debt (disambiguation). ... The Naira is the currency of Nigeria. ... vat can be a type of barrel used for storage. ... Babangida is a Nigerian surname and may refer to: Ibrahim Babangida, former military ruler of Nigeria Three footballer brothers Tijani Babangida (born 1973), Nigerian footballer Ibrahim Babangida (footballer) (born 1976), Nigerian footballer Haruna Babangida (born 1982), Nigerian footballer This page or section lists people with the surname Babangida. ... It has been suggested that transitional government be merged into this article or section. ...

Interim Government

Members

Shonekan assumed the office of the president of Nigeria on August 26, 1993. Babangida had decided to finally exit the stage and chose Shonekan as head, potentially due to him being a loyal ally of his. In the political and economic realm of life in the country, the nation was gradually moving towards a stalemate. Shonekan had lobbied fervently for debt cancellation during his reign as head of government, but after the cancellation of the June 12 elections, most of western powers had imposed sanctions on Nigeria. Inflation was uncontrollable and most non-oil foreign investment had disappeared. The political problems continued to pile for the Interim government, the winner of the June 12 elections, had vowed to oppose the interim government and most of the democracy supporters mostly in the southwest, Shonekan's region, saw him as an obstacle to a true path towards social justice, democracy and improving the welfare of the people. During his few months in power, he had tried to create a new timetable for democratic return, while his government was hampered by workers strike. However, he sometimes presented a strong arm for major decisions. Shonekan's first major decision was to release political detainees and to set a timetable for troop withdrawal from ECOMOG's peacekeeping mission in Liberia. The government also initiated an audit of the accounts of NNPC, an organization that was mired in operational inefficiencies; and presented a bill for banning three major draconian decrees. However, his loose control of the military proved to be his achilles' heel. The defense secretary took control of power on November 1993. The President of Nigeria is both head of government and head of state of Nigeria. ... The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense, concerned with the armed services and The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. ... Sani Abacha General Sani Abacha (Kano, 20 September 1943 – Abuja, 8 June 1998) was a Nigerian politician and military leader. ... Jerry Gana, born 1945, in Busu, Niger State, is a Nigerian scholar, politician and former minister for Information. ... Kuforiji Olubi is a Nigerian banker, and former minister for commerce. ... Dapo Sarumi is a Nigerian politician and former minister for Information. ... Abraham Inanoya Imogie is a Nigerian scholar and former secretary for Education. ... In India, the Permanent Secretary - level civil servant, who plays a leadership role in the bureaucracy of the Finance Ministry is known as the Finance Secretary. ... Aminu Saleh is a Nigerian administrator and former Finance Minister. ... Lieutenant General Muhammad Gado Nasko(rtd) was born in Nasko, Niger state in 1941. ... Bola Afonja is a Nigerian politician, former Minsiter for Labour and a former board of trustees member of the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). ... The United States Secretary of Health and Human Services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, concerned with The Secretary is a member of the Presidents Cabinet. ... Adelusi Adeluyi is a Nigerian pharmacist and former Minister for Health and Human Resources. ... Matthew Mbu served as served as foreign minister of Nigeria. ... In mathematics, the interior of a set S consists of all points which are intuitively not on the edge of S. A point which is in the interior of S is an interior point of S. The notion of interior is in many ways dual to the notion of closure. ... The President of Nigeria is both head of government and head of state of Nigeria. ... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Welfare has four primary meanings: Welfare, the good fortune, health, happiness, prosperity, etc. ... ECOMOG is a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) , sometimes known as the Nigerian National Petroleum Company, is the state oil corporation through which the federal government of Nigeria regulates and participates in the countrys petroleum industry. ... An Achilles’ heel is a fatal weakness in spite of overall strength, actually or potentially leading to downfall. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...

References

• Agence France Presse, --Full cabinet list of interim government-- English, August 26, 1993
• "Nigeria, Trade; Stronger Moves Towards Manufacturing", Financial Times (London, England), March 3, 1986
• "Military swears in transitional government", Agence France Presse -- English, January 4, 1993
• "Nigeria prepares medium-term plan", Financial Times (London,England), January 28, 1993
• "NIGERIA: HARD ROAD AHEAD FOR INTERIM GOVERNMENT", IPS-Inter Press Service, August 26, 1993
• "Government Probes Oil Industry Corruption", The Associated Press, September 16, 1993

Heads of State of Nigeria
Nnamdi Azikiwe • Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi* • Yakubu Gowon* • Murtala Mohammed* • Olusegun Obasanjo* • Shehu Shagari • Muhammadu Buhari* • Ibrahim Babangida* • Ernest Shonekan*† • Sani Abacha* • Abdulsalami Abubakar* • Olusegun Obasanjo *military     †interim