Ernesto Beckmann Geisel, pron. IPA: [eh'nɛstu 'bɛkmã 'gajzew], (August 3, 1907 - September 12, 1996) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. This work is copyrighted. ... Brazilian Presidential Standard The first president of Brazil was Deodoro da Fonseca, who proclaimed the republic in a military coup detât against the Emperor Dom Pedro II. Since then, Brazil had six constitutions, two dictatorships and three democratic periods. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (75th in leap years). ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (75th in leap years). ... For the song by the Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ... Emílio Garrastazú Médici (December 4, 1905–October 9, 1985) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (January 15, 1918–December 24, 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Bento Gonçalves (1902 - 1942) Bento António Gonçalves (1902-1942) was one of the first Secretary Generals of the Portuguese Communist Party, he was born in Montalegre, near Bragança, in the North of Portugal. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... This article is about the Brazilian city. ... Rio de Janeiro is one of the 26 states of Brazil (plus the Federal District). ... The National Renewal Alliance Party or Aliança Renovadora Nacional (ARENA) was a conservative political party that existed in Brazil between 1965 and 1979. ... Look up pronunciation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ...

Early life

Born in Bento Gonçalves as the son of Lutheran German immigrants, Geisel along with his brother, Orlando (1905-1979, who would be later Minister of Army in the Médici's government), entered the army early and was the first of his class when he graduated from the Military College of Porto Alegre in 1925. He acquired a better military knowledge as he attended the Escola Militar do Realengo, graduated, in 1928, as first in his class and could take part in the artillery as an Aspirante. Geisel witnessed and participated in the most prominent events of Brazilian history in the 20th century, such as the revolution of 1930, the Getúlio Vargas dictatorship and the 1964 military coup d'état that overthrew the leftist President João Goulart. In this military intervention, Geisel was an important figure and he became Military chief of Staff of President Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco.^[1] Bento Gonçalves (1902 - 1942) Bento António Gonçalves (1902-1942) was one of the first Secretary Generals of the Portuguese Communist Party, he was born in Montalegre, near Bragança, in the North of Portugal. ... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Nickname: Coordinates: Country Brazil Region South State Rio Grande do Sul Government  - Mayor José Fogaça (PPS) Area  - City 496. ... Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (pron. ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... // A coup dÉtat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, often through illegal means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ... João Belchior Marques Goulart (March 1, 1918—December 6, 1976) was the last left-wing president of Brazil (1961–March 31, 1964) The surname Goulart is of Azorean-Flemish origin. ... Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (September 20, 1900 - July 18, 1967). ...

Also in 1964 he became Lieutenant-General and in 1966 a 4 star-General. In 1969 he was made president of Petrobras, the state-owned oil company of Brazil. 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... Petrobras, short for Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., is a government-owned Brazilian oil company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ...

Presidency

In 1973 Geisel was appointed by President Emílio Garrastazú Médici and other military leaders to be the candidate of the National Renewal Alliance Party (ARENA) for the presidency. At that time, the president of Brazil was chosen by the military and then approved by the Congress in order to give an impression of free elections. Geisel was elected by a vast majority and was inaugurated on March 15, 1974 for a five-year mandate. 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Emílio Garrastazú Médici (December 4, 1905–October 9, 1985) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... The National Renewal Alliance Party or Aliança Renovadora Nacional (ARENA) was a conservative political party that existed in Brazil between 1965 and 1979. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (75th in leap years). ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

From 1968 to 1973, the Brazilian economy grew at a rate of more than 10% per year, the fastest in the world. But due to the oil shock crisis in 1974, development fell to 5%-6% per year. Because oil had to be imported, Brazil's foreign debt began to rise. 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... External debt (or foreign debt) is that part of the government debt of a country which is owed to creditors outside the country. ...

In the early 1970s, the radical leftists were tortured or even murdered, while the press was censored. By 1974 signals of guerrilla activities were silenced. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979. ... Torture is defined by the United Nations Convention Against Torture as any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he... Look up guerrilla in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The official opposition against the government, the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), gained many votes in the legislative elections of 1974. As a result, Geisel began a slow process of democratization, called distensão. The military regime's main censorship tool, the Fifth Institutional Act (which Geisel had often used), was banned in the end of 1978. During the Geisel administration, Brazil imported technology from Germany to install nuclear power plants. Parliamentary Opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. ... The Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) was a centrist political party in Brazil that existed from 1965 to 1979. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Democratization (British English: Democratisation) is the transition from an authoritarian or a semi-authoritarian political system to a democratic political system. ... Censorship is the removal and withholding of information from the public by a controlling group or body. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... A nuclear power station. ...

In 1978 Geisel appointed General João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo as his successor. He left office on March 15, 1979. João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (January 15, 1918–December 24, 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (75th in leap years). ... For the song by the Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ...

See also

• List of Presidents of Brazil
• History of Brazil (1964-present)

See also: List of Brazilian monarchs This is a list of Presidents of Brazil. ... After the military coup, Brazil went into a troubled process of redemocratization. ...

Reference

President of Brazil
List of presidents of Brazil

Deodoro da Fonseca | Floriano Peixoto | Prudente de Morais | Campos Sales | Rodrigues Alves | Afonso Pena | Nilo Peçanha | Hermes da Fonseca | Venceslau Brás | Delfim Moreira | Epitácio Pessoa | Artur Bernardes | Washington Luís | Júlio Prestes | Mena Barreto | Isaías de Noronha | Augusto Fragoso | Getúlio Vargas | José Linhares | Gaspar Dutra | Café Filho | Carlos Luz | Nereu Ramos | Juscelino Kubitschek | Jânio Quadros | Ranieri Mazzilli | João Goulart | Castelo Branco | Costa e Silva | Aurélio de Lira Tavares | Augusto Rademaker | Márcio Melo | Emílio Garrastazu Médici | Ernesto Geisel | João Figueiredo | Tancredo Neves | José Sarney | Fernando Collor de Mello | Itamar Franco | Fernando Henrique Cardoso | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Emílio Garrastazú Médici (December 4, 1905–October 9, 1985) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... Brazilian Presidential Standard The first president of Brazil was Deodoro da Fonseca, who proclaimed the republic in a military coup detât against the Emperor Dom Pedro II. Since then, Brazil had six constitutions, two dictatorships and three democratic periods. ... João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (January 15, 1918–December 24, 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Brazilian Presidential Standard The first president of Brazil was Deodoro da Fonseca, who proclaimed the republic in a military coup detât against the Emperor Dom Pedro II. Since then, Brazil had six constitutions, two dictatorships and three democratic periods. ... See also: List of Brazilian monarchs This is a list of Presidents of Brazil. ... Deodoro da Fonseca (Manuel) Deodoro da Fonseca (August 5, 1827 - August 23, 1892) overthrew Emperor Pedro II to become the first president of a Republic of Brazil. ... Floriano Vieira Peixoto (1839–1895) was Brazilian soldier and politician, born in Ipioca (nowadays a district in the city of Maceió), in the State of Alagoas and veteran of the War of the Triple Alliance, second President of Brazil. ... Prudente José de Morais e Barros (October 4, 1841 - December 3, 1912) was the third president of Brazil (the first civilian). ... Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales (February 15, 1841 - June 28, 1913) was a Brazilian lawyer, coffee farmer and politician; provincial deputy three times, general-deputy once, minister of justice, senator and governor of São Paulo (1894-1897). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Categories: Brazil-related stubs | People stubs ... Nilo Procópio Peçanha (October 2, 1867 - March 31, 1924). ... Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca (May 12, 1855 - September 9, 1923) was a Brazilian soldier and politician. ... Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes (February 26, 1868 - May 15, 1966) was a Brazilian politician. ... Categories: Brazil-related stubs | Presidents of Brazil | People stubs ... Epitácio da Silva Pessoa (May 23, 1865 - February 13, 1942) was a Brazilian politician. ... Artur da Silva Bernardes (August 8, 1875 - March 23, 1955). ... Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa (October 26, 1869 - August 4, 1957) was a Brazilian politician. ... Júlio Prestes (March 15, 1882 – February 9, 1946) was a Brazilian politician. ... General João de Deus Mena Barreto (Porto Alegre, July 30, 1874 - Rio de Janeiro, March 25, 1933) was one of the leaders of the junta that governed Brazil during the time Washington Luís was deposed. ... Admiral José Isaías de Noronha, (Rio de Janeiro, July 6, 1874 - Jacarepaguá, January 29, 1963). ... Augusto Tasso Fragoso (August 28, 1869 - September 20, 1945) was the head of the government of Brazil in 1930, between the overthrow of President Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa and the oath of Getúlio Dornelles Vargas. ... Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (pron. ... José Linhares (January 28, 1886 - January 26, 1957). ... Eurico Gaspar Dutra, (1883-1974), was a Brazilian general, politician and president of Brazil from 1946-1951. ... João Café Filho (February 3, 1899 - February 20, 1970). ... Carlos Coimbra da Luz (August 4, 1894 _ February 9, 1961). ... This article or section should be merged with Nereu de Oliveira Ramos Nereu de Oliveira (or Ramos) (1889 - 1958) was a Brazilian political figure. ... Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (JK) (September 12, 1902 – August 22, 1976) was a prominent Brazilian politician who was President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961. ... Jânio da Silva Quadros (January 25, 1917—February 16, 1992) was a Brazilian politician who was briefly President of Brazil in 1961. ... Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli (April 27, 1910–April 21, 1975) was a Brazilian politician. ... João Belchior Marques Goulart (March 1, 1918—December 6, 1976) was the last left-wing president of Brazil (1961–March 31, 1964) The surname Goulart is of Azorean-Flemish origin. ... Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (September 20, 1900 - July 18, 1967). ... ... Aurélio de Lira Tavares (November 7, 1905 - November 18, 1998) was a general with the Brazilian army. ... Augusto Hamann Rademaker Grünewald (May 11, 1905 - 1985) was an admiral with the Brazilian navy. ... Márcio de Sousa e Melo (May 26, 1906 - January 31, 1991 was a general with the Brazilian air force. ... Emílio Garrastazú Médici (December 4, 1905–October 9, 1985) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (January 15, 1918–December 24, 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. ... Tancredo de Almeida Neves (March 4th, 1910 - April 21, 1985) was a Brazilian banker and political figure. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello, pron. ... Itamar Augusto Cautiero Franco, pron. ... Fernando Henrique Cardoso (born June 18, 1931) was the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil for two terms from January 1, 1995 to January 1, 2003. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...