Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (25 November 1868 Darmstadt - 9 October 1937 Schloß Wolfsgarten) was the reigning Grand Duke of Hesse from 1892 to 1918. The son of Grand Duke Ludwig IV and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He was an older brother to Alexandra of Hesse, Empress-consort of Nicholas II of Russia. November 25 is the 329th (in leap years the 330th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in Leap years). ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The title of Grand Duke (Latin, Magnus Dux; German, Großherzog, Russian, Великий князь) used in Slavic, Baltic, and Germanic countries, is ranked in honour below King but higher than a sovereign Duke (Herzog) or Prince (Fürst). ... The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt came into existence in 1568, as the portion of George, youngest of the four sons of Landgrave Philipp of Hesse. ... 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (12 September 1837 in Bessungen, now Darmstadt - 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the... Her Royal Highness The Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary), (25 April 1843 - 14 December 1878, was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... Her Majesty Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1876 until her death. ... HRH The Prince Consort His Royal Highness Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Consort, (Franz Karl August Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom... Princess Alix of Hesse, as Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918) Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine (Alix Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice, 6 June 1872 - 17 July 1918), was the consort of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Tsar of Russia. ... Tsar Nicholas II (18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918)1 was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. ...

Ernst Ludwig succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine in 1892 and married his first cousin, Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, two years later, but the marriage was not a happy one. Ernst Ludwig was himself a homosexual, and the two divorced in 1901, having had only one child, Princess Elizabeth, who died of typhoid fever at age eight. 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Homosexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by esthetic attraction, romantic love, or sexual desire exclusively for another of the same sex. ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Ernst Ludwig remarried in 1905 to Princess Eleonore of Solms-Braunfels, whith whom he had two sons:

• George of Hesse and by Rhine (1906-1937), who married Princess Cecilie of Greece (sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh). The couple with their two young sons and Princess Eleonore died in an accident when their plane crashed near Ostende on their way to his brother's marriage. A daughter survived them for eighteen months.
• Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine (1908-1968). Married Margaret Campbell Geddes but they had no children. He adopted HRH Prince Moritz of Hesse-Cassel as heir.

Ernst Ludwig served in the German military during World War I, and was forced to abdicate along with the other German ruling princes at the end of the war in 1918. He remained in Germany thereafter, and died in 1937. 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... HRH The Duke of Edinburgh His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (Philip Mountbatten, formerly Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark), styled HRH The Duke of Edinburgh (born 10 June 1921), is the consort of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. ... 1908 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Hesse-Kassel (Hessen-Kassel) was a German principality that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1568 upon the death of Landgrave Philip of Hesse and his eldest son Wilhelm IV inherited the northern portion and established his capital in Kassel. ... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (12 September 1837 in Bessungen, now Darmstadt - 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the...