Eshnunna is the transliteration of the ancient name of a Sumerian city and city-state in lower Mesopotamia. Although situated in the Diyala Valley north-east of Sumeria proper, the city nonetheless belonged securely within the Sumerian cultural millieu. Because of its control over lucrative trade routes, it did function somewhat as a gateway between Mesopotamian and Iranian culture. The trade routes gave it access to many exotic, sought after goods such as horses, copper, tin, and other precious tones and metals. The remains of the ancient city are now preserved in the mound of Tell Asmar, excavated by an American team led by Henri Frankfort in the 1930s. Sumer (or Shumer, Sumeria, Shinar, native ki-en-gir) formed the southern part of Mesopotamia from the time of settlement by the Sumerians until the time of Babylonia. ... Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία, translated from Old Persian Miyanrudan between rivers; Aramaic name being Beth Nahrain house of rivers) is a region of Southwest Asia. ... Map of Mesopotamia showing the Diyala River The Diyala River is a river and tributary of the Tigris that runs through Iran and Iraq. ... It has been suggested that Edubba be merged into this article or section. ... Dutch egyptologist, archaeologist and orientalist, Henri Frankfort was born in Amsterdam on 24 Feb. ... // Events and trends A public speech by Benito Mussolini, founder of the Fascist movement The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ...

History

Occupied from the Early Dynastic Period, Eshnunna was eventually drawn within the sphere of Third Dynasty of Ur, before achieving a short-lived political prominence - after Ur's decline and fall - within the first two centuries of the second millennium BCE. At this time, Eshnunna again represented the focus of an independent polity of significant size and influence. The Early Dynastic Period of Egypt is taken to include the First and the Second dynasties, lasting from ca. ... The third dynasty of Ur reinstalled Sumerian rule after several centuries of Akkadian and Gutian kings (Sumerian Renaissance). ... (3rd millennium BC – 2nd millennium BC – 1st millennium BC – other millennia) Events Second dynasty of Babylon First Bantu migrations from west Africa The Cushites drive the original inhabitants from Ethiopia, and establish trade relations with Egypt. ...

Because of its control over lucrative trade routes, Eshnunna did function somewhat as a gateway between Mesopotamian and Iranian culture. The trade routes gave it access to many exotic, sought after goods such as horses, copper, tin, and other precious tones and metals.

Eshnunna was ultimately conquered by Hammurabi, ruler of Babylon, and absorbed within the Old Babylonian Empire (sometimes called the First Babylonian Dynasty). Thereafter, the city appears but rarely within cuneiform textual sources, reflecting a probable decline and eventual disappearance. There is evidence that in c. 1755, just four years after its supposed capture, the entire town was ravaged by a terrible flood. This diorite head is believed to represent king Hammurabi Hammurabi (Akkadian Khammurabi, from Amorite Ammurapi, The Kinsman is a Healer; Ammu, paternal kinsman + Rapi, to heal; also transliterated Ammurapi, Hammurapi, or Khammurabi) was the sixth king of Babylon. ... For other uses, see Babylon (disambiguation). ... The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated, because there is a Babylonian King List A and a Babylonian King List B. Hereby we follow temporarily the regnal years of List A, because those are widely used, although we believe that the other list is better, at least... The cuneiform script is one of the earliest known forms of written expression. ...